古尔班通古特沙漠及周边区域冬季大气边界层高度对地表积雪的响应     

张梦肖  王豫  买买提艾力·买买提依明  刘永强  高佳程  肖婉秋  温聪  宋美琪  艾力亚尔·艾海提  王卫平  孟湘尧 《冰川冻土》2022,44(5):1558-1569

古尔班通古特沙漠是中国唯一冬季存在长期积雪的沙漠,在此特殊地理环境下,沙漠及周边区域冬季雪深和边界层高度的时空变化特征和相互关系尚未明确。本文利用1980—2019年SMMR（Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer）、SSM/I（Special Sensor Microwave/Imager）、SSMI/S（Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder）被动微波遥感雪深数据、古尔班通古特沙漠腹地雪深观测数据和ERA5再分析资料（the Fifth Generation ECMWF Reanalysis）边界层高度数据,分析了沙漠及周边区域冬季雪深和边界层高度的时空变化特征与相互关系。结果表明：古尔班通古特沙漠及周边区域冬季雪深年均值为8.45 cm,整体呈现东北部和南部积雪较深,其他区域积雪较浅并呈现出由沙漠中心区域向四周逐渐减少的特点,雪深在古尔班通古特沙漠及其东北、南边的邻近区域呈升高趋势,剩余地区呈下降趋势。古尔班通古特沙漠及周边区域冬季边界层高度年均值为105.54 m,呈现东南部和西北部高,中心沙漠区域、东北部、西南部较低的特点,边界层高度在沙漠及周边区域升高而其他区域降低。古尔班通古特沙漠的冬季雪深和大气边界层高度时空变化整体呈负相关,其中93.17%以上的沙漠区域呈负相关,平均相关系数为-0.32,最大相关系数绝对值为-0.58,空间相关系数为-0.42（P<0.05）。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠荒漠过渡带春季风沙活动特征——以肖塘为例   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  

杨兴华  李红军  何清  艾力·买买提明  霍文  刘新春 《中国沙漠》2012,32(4):915-920

 通过对沙尘暴强化观测试验期间风速、跃移颗粒数、输沙量等资料的统计与计算,对塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘荒漠过渡带肖塘地区春季风沙活动进行了研究。结果表明,肖塘地区春季2 m高度1 s时距的起沙风速为4.9～5.0 m·s-1,1 min时距的起沙风速为4.4 m·s-1;起沙风速随着风速等级的增加,出现的频率相应减少,主要集中在4.4～8.4 m·s-1 之间;输沙势、输沙量的方位分布与起沙风相似,以ENE、E和ESE 3个方位为主,观测期间（1个月）总输沙势为80.8 VU,合成输沙势为13.7 VU,合成输沙势方向为241°;最大可能输沙总量为1 921.8 kg·m-1,合成输沙量为286.8 kg·m-1,合成输沙方向为235°,与输沙势的合成方向一致。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘气溶胶质量浓度垂直分布特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘新春  钟玉婷  何清  杨兴华  艾力·买买提明 《中国沙漠》2012,32(4):1045-1052

 利用Grimm 1.108、Thermo RP 1 400 a以及TSP等仪器于2009年1月至2010年2月对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中不同高度沙尘气溶胶质量浓度进行连续观测,结合天气资料进行分析。结果表明:①80 m高度PM10质量浓度最高,80 m高度PM2.5和PM1.0质量浓度明显低于4 m高度PM10,80 m高度PM1.0质量浓度最低。频繁的沙尘天气是影响不同粒径的沙尘气溶胶浓度含量的主要因素。②夜间至日出,PM质量浓度逐渐降低,最低基本上出现在08:00,随后质量浓度逐渐增大,18:00前后浓度达到最高值,然后又逐步降低。其规律与风速的昼夜变化完全一致。③TSP月平均质量浓度高值主要集中在3—9月,其中4月和5月浓度最高,随后逐渐减低。3—9月也是PM月平均质量浓度的高值区域,4 m高度PM10月平均质量浓度最高发生在5月,其浓度为846.0 μg·m-3。80 m高度PM10浓度远高于PM2.5和PM1.0浓度,PM2.5和PM1.0浓度相差较小。风沙天气对大气中的不同粒径粒子的浓度含量影响较大,风沙天气越多,粗颗粒含量越高,反之则细颗粒越多。④沙尘天气过程中不同粒径沙尘气溶胶质量浓度变化具有晴天<浮尘天气<扬沙天气<沙尘暴天气的规律。各种沙尘天气中,PM10/TSP表现为晴好天气高于浮尘天气,浮尘天气远高于扬沙和沙尘暴天气。⑤沙尘天气过程中,沙尘气溶胶浓度随着粒径的减小,浓度逐渐降低。不同高度、不同粒径的沙尘气溶胶质量浓度每隔3~4 d形成一个峰值区,与每隔3~4 d出现沙尘天气强度增强过程直接相关。  相似文献   

卫星反演太阳紫外辐射数据产品在东疆黑戈壁区域的适用性验证     

赵雪赏  阿吉古丽·沙依提  买买提艾力·买买提依明  刘永强  王豫  高佳程  杨帆  霍文  周成龙 《地理科学进展》2021,40(2):304-313

论文利用2017年东疆哈密地区红柳河黑戈壁地面高精度紫外辐射实测数据与美国NASA Langely研究中心大气科学数据中心提供的CERES_SYN1 deg_Ed4A产品数据,对卫星反演的紫外辐射A、B波段(UVA和UVB)数据在该地区的适用性进行了对比验证。结果表明：① 在日尺度上,该地区地面实测紫外辐射UVA和UVB与卫星反演数据之间的相关系数达0.9以上,其中在全天空情况下UVA平均偏差为1.15 W·m ^-2、UVB 平均偏差为0.03 W·m ^-2,晴天条件下UVA和UVB的平均偏差分别为0.93 W·m ^-2和0.03 W·m ^-2;② 在季节尺度上,实测和卫星反演UVA和UVB的偏差夏季最大,分别为2.04 W·m ^-2和0.05 W·m ^-2,春冬两季次之,秋季最小;③ 红柳河地区在春夏两季受到气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)影响较大,呈现显著负相关;④ 云量越大,紫外辐射削弱程度越大,在多云条件下地面实测与卫星反演UVA与UVB偏差最大,分别为1.73 W·m ^-2和0.05 W·m ^-2。  相似文献   

The effects of forest fuel connectivity on spatiotemporal dynamics of Holocene fire regimes in the central boreal forest of North America          下载免费PDF全文

DOMINIC SENICI  HAN Y. H. CHEN  YVES BERGERON  ADAM A. ALI 《第四纪科学杂志》2015,30(4):365-375

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Nonlinear genetic-based simulation of soil shear strength parameters     

SEYYED MOHAMMAD MOUSAVI  AMIR HOSSEIN ALAVI  AMIR HOSSEIN GANDOMI  ALI MOLLAHASANI 《Journal of Earth System Science》2011,120(6):1001-1022

New nonlinear solutions were developed to estimate the soil shear strength parameters utilizing linear genetic programming (LGP). The soil cohesion intercept (c) and angle of shearing resistance (ϕ) were formulated in terms of the basic soil physical properties. The best models were selected after developing and controlling several models with different combinations of influencing parameters. Comprehensive experimental database used for developing the models was established upon a series of unconsolidated, undrained, and unsaturated triaxial tests conducted in this study. Further, sensitivity and parametric analyses were carried out. c and ϕ were found to be mostly influenced by the soil unit weight and liquid limit. In order to benchmark the proposed models, a multiple least squares regression (MLSR) analysis was performed. The validity of the models was proved on portions of laboratory results that were not included in the modelling process. The developed models are able to effectively learn the complex relationship between the soil strength parameters and their contributing factors. The LGP models provide a significantly better prediction performance than the regression models.  相似文献   

Distinguishing and Correlating Multiple Phases of Metamorphism across Multiply Deformed Regions Using the Axes of Inclusion Trails in Porphyroblasts     

Ahmad Afroz SHAH  Asghar ALI 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(4):784-791

Successions of FIAs(foliation inflection/intersection axes preserved within porphyroblasts) provide a relative time scale for deformation and metamorphism.In-situ dating of monazite grains preserved as inclusions within garnet and staurolite porphyroblasts within the foliations defining each FIA from such successions provides a rigorous approach to grouping ages that formed over extended periods of deformation and metamorphism.Matching age and FIA progressions confirms the suitability of this approach pl...  相似文献   

Recent trends of temperature change under hot and cold desert climates: Comparing the Sahara (Libya) and Central Asia (Xinjiang, China)     

B. Mamtimin  A.M.M. Et-TantawiD. Schaefer  F.X. Meixner  M. Domroes 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(11):1105-1113

According to trend computations at three stations each in Sahara desert (Libya), characterized by a “hot” desert type (“BWh”, according to the Koeppen climate classification), and in Central Asia (Xinjiang, China) identified as a “cold” desert type (“BWk”, after Koeppen), increasing annual temperatures were detected over the period 1955-2005 corresponding with global temperature warming. From 1955-1978, negative (decreasing) temperature trends were, however, observed at all three hot desert stations and at two of the three cold desert stations. From 1979-2005, strikingly positive temperature trends were seen at all six stations. In seasonal respects, winter (December to February) and summer (June to August) show different temperature trends over the period 1955-2005: the hot desert experienced an increasing temperature trend at a greater extent in summer than in winter; vice-versa, in the cold desert positive trends were computed for winter and negative for summer. It can also be observed that mostly hot desert warming occurred in summer, opposite to cold desert warming in winter.  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地春、夏季CO_2通量特征     

陈慧  缪启龙  买买提艾力·买买提依明  何清 《干旱区地理》2015,38(3)

利用世界上唯一深入流动沙漠腹地200 km以上的塔克拉玛干沙漠塔中站所采集的2011年4月、7月的气象资料,分析了塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地春、夏季CO2通量的变化特征及影响因素。结果表明:塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地CO2通量表现为白昼地表吸收CO2,夜间地表排放CO2,且地表吸收强度明显大于地表排放;塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地春、夏季CO2平均净吸收速率分别为0.93μmol·m2·s-1和0.82μmol·m2·s-1;CO2通量受大气稳定性影响较大,稳定大气条件利于沙漠地表CO2的释放,不稳定大气条件有利于沙漠地表CO2的吸收;此外,地表温度、土壤湿度、风速均与CO2通量呈不同程度的负相关关系。  相似文献   

Characteristics of turbulence over the semi-fixed desert area north of Xinjiang,China     

Ali Mamtimin  Yu Wang  Hajigul Sayit  Xing Hua Yang  Fan Yang  Wen Huo  Chenglong Zhou  Lili Jin 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(12):2365-2378

As the largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China, the Gurbantünggüt Desert undergoes a long period of snow cover in the winter and the rapid growth of ephemeral plants in the spring, presenting obvious seasonal changes in the underlying desert surface type, which can lead to variation in the turbulence of the near-surface boundary layer turbulence over the desert. In this study, gradient tower data and eddy covariance data from 2017 were analysed to investigate the turbulence characteristics of the different surface boundary layers in the hinterland of the Gurbantünggüt Desert. The results indicate that stable atmospheric conditions in the desert occur exclusively during the early morning and at night in the desert, and the onset and duration of this stable state varies seasonally. Two regimes of intermittent turbulence occur during the night, a weak turbulent regime that occurs when the wind speed is less than the threshold and a strong turbulent regime when the wind speed exceeds the threshold, and different wind speed thresholds were observed at each level. These parameters follow a seasonal pattern of summer (July) > spring (April) > autumn (October) > winter (January) in terms of magnitude. The mean turbulence intensities of the along-wind, cross-wind and vertical wind are 0.5, 0.47 and 0.14, respectively, with I_u > I_v > I_w. The normalized standard deviation of the wind velocity components (σ_u, σ_v and σ_w) generally satisfies a 1/3 power-law relation. Our results show that the night-time turbulence regime classification for the Gurbantünggüt Desert strongly depends on meteorological and orographic features, and the intermittent turbulent events have the non-stationarity of the flow in common. The results can contribute to the study of land surface processes, climate change and desertification in inland arid desert areas.  相似文献