Satellite imagery activism: Sharpening the focus on tropical deforestation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John C. Baker  Ray A. Williamson 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2006,27(1):4-14

Since the first land remote sensing satellite was launched in the early 1970s, government agencies, private companies and research institutions have used satellite imagery data for a growing range of civil and commercial applications focused on natural resource management and exploitation, and environmental monitoring. The global diffusion of remote sensing expertize, along with growing public access to satellite images, has created conditions for improving levels of global transparency. One aspect of this global transparency is the advent of new users of imagery data – or 'imagery activists'– including, among others, issue-oriented nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), media groups, multinational organizations and academic researchers who now are able to access satellite imagery in order to draw domestic and international attention to particular public policy concerns. This paper broadly surveys the contemporary phenomenon of satellite imagery activism and outlines the main challenges facing imagery activists, particularly in relation to deforestation and other forest monitoring issues.  相似文献   

The structural and geochemical evolution of the Singhbhum granite batholithic complex, India     

A.K. Saha  S.L. Ray 《Tectonophysics》1984,105(1-4)

The Singhbhum granite batholithic complex of eastern India is composed mainly of (a) the Older Metamorphic Group, tonalite (-trondhjemite) gneiss (OMTG, 3800 Ma old), whch intruded synkinematically into the enveloping Older Metamorphic Group (OMG, > 3800 Ma old) and (b) the Singhbhum granite (SBG) consisting of three distinct but closely related phases of at least twelve separate magmatic units of granodiorite-granite (2950 Ma old), and a number of patches of granitised OMG orthoamphibolites. Geochemical studies including REE and LIL elements suggest that (a) the OMG orthoamphibolites were derived either by re-melting of a K-poor basalt (LKT) or of mantle peridotite with high concentration of LIL elements, (b) the OMG tonalite was derived by partial melting of amphibolite and (c) the Singhbhum granite magmas appear to have formed in two distinct modes: (i) partial melting of amphibolite for the magmas of phases I and II and (ii) partial melting of a siliceous, garnet-bearing granulite for magmas of the phase III units.  相似文献   

An ion microprobe study of the partitioning of trace elements between clinopyroxene and liquid in the system diopside-albite-anorthite     

G.L. Ray  N. Shimizu  S.R. Hart 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1983,47(12):2131-2140

The partitioning of trace elements (Sc, Ti, Sr and Sm) between diopsidic clinopyroxene and liquid was studied experimentally in the system diopside-albite-anorthite at 1250°C, 1300°C and 1345°C at 1 atm. Twelve different bulk compositions were selected to study the effects of temperature and chemical composition. A Cameca ion microprobe was used to determine trace element concentrations in both clinopyroxene and liquid. Experiments of different run duration $\text{1}\text{4}\text{8}\text{?}$ days) showed that equilibrium was approached in less than 4 days at 1275°C. Equilibrium was also evaluated by a reversal run. A series of runs of constant bulk composition but with variable trace element contents showed that Henry's Law was obeyed over concentration ranges of the trace elements similar to those encountered in natural systems. The partition coefficients show significant ranges: Sc, 0.345~2.61; Ti, 0.084~0.214; Sr, 0.075~0.136; Sm, 0.054~0.328; the values are comparable with those obtained experimentally by other investigators. The partition coefficients vary as a function of both temperature and chemical composition. The experimental results are discussed in terms of exchange equilibria using the Bottinga-Weill silicate melt model. It is demonstrated that analytical uncertainties of both major and trace elements play an important role in understanding trace element exchange equilibria; propagation of analytical errors in the thermodynamic treatment is equally important.  相似文献   

SH waves in an inhomogeneous complete or incomplete wedges,I     

S. Ray 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1971,85(1):161-181

  相似文献   

Cadmium in tissues of lobsters captured near a lead smelter     

S. Ray  D.W. McLeese  L.E. Burridge 《Marine pollution bulletin》1981,12(11):383-386

Cadmium distribution among tissues of lobsters (Homarus americanus) from Belledune Harbour near a lead smelter was determined and compared with that of lobsters from uncontaminated areas of Stonehaven, N.B., Canada and from Maine, USA. The hepatopancreas contained more than 90% of the body burden of cadmium. High concentrations of cadmium were also present in green glands and gills. Cadmium concentrations in the hepatopancreas, gills, and green glands were correlated with the concentrations in most of the other tissues.  相似文献   

A spatial and temporal drought risk assessment of three major tree species in Britain using probabilistic climate change projections     

Michal Petr  Luc G. J. Boerboom  Anne van der Veen  Duncan Ray 《Climatic change》2014,124(4):791-803

Probabilistic climate data have become available for the first time through the UK Climate Projections 2009, so that the risk of change in tree growth can be quantified. We assessed the drought risk spatially and temporally using drought probabilities calculated from the weather generator data and tree species vulnerabilities using Ecological Site Classification model across Britain. We evaluated the drought impact on the potential yield class of three major tree species (Picea sitchensis, Pinus sylvestris, and Quercus robur), which cover around 59 % (400,700 ha) of state-managed forests, across the lowlands and uplands. We show that drought impacts result mostly in reduced tree growth over the next 80 years when using B1, A1B, and A1FI IPCC emissions scenarios, but varied spatially. We found a maximum reduction of 94 % but also a maximum increase of 56 % in potential stand yield class in the 2080s from the baseline climate (1961–1990). Furthermore, potential production over the state-managed forests for all three species in the 2080s is estimated to decrease due to drought by 42 % in the lowlands and by 32 % in the uplands in comparison to the baseline climate. Our results reveal that potential tree growth and forest production on the state-managed forests in Britain is likely to reduce, and indicate where and when adaptation measures are required. Moreover, this paper demonstrates the value of probabilistic climate projections for an important economic and environmental sector.  相似文献   

The Urban Geography of Boxing: Race,Class, and Gender in the Ring     

Ray Oldakowski 《Geographical review》2014,104(3):384-386

  相似文献   

Comparison of low-carbon pathways for California     

Geoffrey M. Morrison  Sonia Yeh  Anthony R. Eggert  Christopher Yang  James H. Nelson  Jeffery B. Greenblatt  Raphael Isaac  Mark Z. Jacobson  Josiah Johnston  Daniel M. Kammen  Ana Mileva  Jack Moore  David Roland-Holst  Max Wei  John P. Weyant  James H. Williams  Ray Williams  Christina B. Zapata 《Climatic change》2015,131(4):545-557

  相似文献   

Revisiting the stratigraphy of the Mesoproterozoic Chhattisgarh Supergroup,Bastar craton,India based on subsurface lithoinformation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Arunangshu Mukherjee  Ranjan Kumar Ray  Dinesh Tewari  Vijay Kumar Ingle  Bikram Kumar Sahoo  M W Y Khan 《Journal of Earth System Science》2014,123(3):617-632

In the last 10 years, several teams of geologists from different institutions in India and abroad have vigorously investigated the Chhattisgarh basin (Bastar craton, India). Based on the new results and the lithologs of more than 350 water wells, resistivity and gamma-ray logs, and extensive geological traverses, we present a revised geological map, relevant cross sections, a new comprehensive stratigraphic column and a discussion of the new findings. Major outcomes of this revision are: (1) confirming the existence of two sub-basins (Hirri and Baradwar) and two depocentres; (2) establishing the age of the basin to be essentially Mesoproterozoic; (3) discarding the ‘unclassified Pandaria Formation’ and classifying the package of Pandaria rock units into Chandi, Tarenga, Hirri and Maniari formations in the Hirri sub-basin; (4) accepting the ‘group’ status of the Singhora Group and the newly proposed Kharsiya Groups in the Baradwar sub-basin; (5) establishing an intrabasinal correlation of formations; (6) reappraising the thicknesses of the different formations; and (7) finding that the geometry of the basin is ‘bowl-shaped’, which is compatible with a sag model for the origin and evolution of the basin.  相似文献   

Trends in seasonal temperatures over the Indian region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nilesh K Wagholikar  K C Sinha Ray  P N Sen  P Pradeep Kumar 《Journal of Earth System Science》2014,123(4):673-687

An investigation has been carried out to identify the trends in maximum, minimum and mean temperatures and temperature range over the Indian land mass during the winter (January, and February), pre-monsoon (March–May), southwest monsoon (June–September) and post-monsoon (October–December) seasons by using high resolution daily gridded data set prepared by India Meteorological Department for the period of 1969–2005. It has been observed that the maximum temperatures over the west coast of India show rising trend in winter, southwest monsoon and post-monsoon seasons but the maximum temperatures do not show any significant trend over the other parts of the country. Minimum temperatures show increasing trend over the North Indian states in all seasons and they show an increasing trend over the west coast of India in winter and southwest monsoon seasons. Mean temperature shows an increasing trend over the west coast of India during winter and southwest monsoon seasons. Decreasing trend is observed in the temperature range over North India in all seasons due to increasing trend in minimum temperature.  相似文献