A continuous plate-tectonic model using geophysical data to estimate plate-margin widths, with a seismicity-based example     

Caroline Dumoulin  David Bercovici  & Pål Wessel 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,133(2):379-389

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Organochlorine and heavy metal concentrations in blubber and liver tissue collected from Queensland (Australia) dugong (Dugong dugon)     

Haynes D  Carter S  Gaus C  Müller J  Dennison W 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(1-4):361-369

Tissue samples of liver and blubber were salvaged from fifty-three dugong (Dugong dugon) carcasses stranded along the Queensland coast between 1996 and 2000. Liver tissue was analysed for a range of heavy metals and blubber samples were analysed for organochlorine compounds. Metal concentrations were similar in male and female animals and were generally highest in mature animals. Liver concentrations of arsenic, chromium, iron, lead, manganese, mercury and nickel in a number of individual animals were elevated in comparison to concentrations previously reported in Australian dugong. Dieldrin, DDT (and its breakdown products) and/or heptachlor epoxide were detected in 59% of dugong blubber samples. In general, concentrations of organochlorines were similar to those reported in dugong 20 years earlier, and were low in comparison to concentrations recorded from marine mammal tissue collected elsewhere in the world. With the exception of lead, the extent of carcass decomposition, the presence of disease or evidence of animal starvation prior to death did not significantly affect dugong tissue concentrations of metals or organochlorines. The results of the study suggest that bioaccumulation of metals and organochlorine compounds (other than dioxins) does not represent a significant risk to Great Barrier Reef dugong populations, particularly in the context of other pressures associated with coastal development and other anthropogenic activities.  相似文献   

Deep sea diapirs and bottom simulating reflector in Fairway Basin (SW Pacific)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Auzende  Jean Marie  Van de Beuque  Sabrina  Dickens  Gerald  François  Caroline  Lavoy  Yves  Voutay  Olivier  Exon  Neville 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2000,21(6):579-587

A recent swath-bathymetry and geophysical survey of the R/V L'Atalante in the Fairway Basin between Australia and New Caledonia allowed to confirm the Cretaceous age of the creation of the basin by continental stretching. This first stage of opening of the Fairway Basin is associated with the deposition of a continuous salt/mud layer feeding today numerous diapirs, some of them piercing the 3 to 4 km thick sedimentary cover and reaching the seafloor. In close link with this salt/mud layer a Bottom Simulating Reflector indicator of gas hydrates level occupies a 70000 km² surface at about 500 to 600 m-depth beneath the sea floor. The coexistence of both BSR and diapirs suggests a thermogenic better than biogenic origin for the gas hydrates horizon.  相似文献   

Integration of High and Very High-resolution Seismic Reflection Profiles to Study Upper Quaternary Deposits of a Coastal Area in the Western Gulf of Lions, SW France     

Caroline Labaune  Michel Tesson  Bernard Gensous 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2005,26(2-4):109-122

High resolution (HR – sparker) and very high resolution (VHR – boomer) seismic reflection data acquired in shallow water environments of the Roussillon coastal area are integrated to provide an accurate image of the stratigraphic architecture of the Quaternary deposits. The complementary use of the two systems is shown to be of benefit for studies of shallow water environments. The HR sparker data improved the landward part of a general model of Quaternary stratigraphy previously established offshore. They document an incised valley complex interpreted as the record of successive late Quaternary relative sea-level cycles. The complex is capped by a polygenetic erosional surface developed during the last glacial period (>18 ky) and variably reworked by wave ravinement during the subsequent post-glacial transgression. The overlying transgressive systems tract is partly preserved and presents a varying configuration along the Roussillon coastal plain. The VHR boomer data provide information on the architecture of the uppermost deposits, both in the near-shore area and in the lagoon. These deposits overlie a maximum flooding surface at the top of the transgressive systems tract and constitute a highstand systems tract composed of two different architectural elements. In the near-shore area, a sandy coastal wedge is subdivided into a lower unit and an upper unit in equilibrium with present day dynamics. In the Salses-Leucate lagoon area, the sedimentary architecture is highly complex due to the closure of a former embayment and the formation of the present beach barrier.  相似文献   

Adaptive Management of Urban Ecosystem Restoration: Learning From Restoration Managers in Rhode Island,USA     

Kristen Hychka  Caroline Gottschalk Druschke 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(11):1358-1373

Urban aquatic restoration can be difficult to accomplish because of complications like industrial pollutants, population density, infrastructure, and expense; however, unique opportunities in urban settings, including the potential to provide benefits to many diverse people, can make urban restoration especially rewarding. The success of urban restoration projects—even those focused primarily on ecological targets—depends on community involvement and managers considering community needs. However, research on the social barriers to urban restoration and strategies managers use to overcome them is relatively rare. This work attempts to fill that gap by presenting barriers for aquatic restoration projects in urban settings and strategies to overcome them. Building from interviews with restoration managers involved in urban aquatic restoration projects in Rhode Island, we contribute through an adaptive management approach: identifying and synthesizing the lessons learned from managers’ work in urban settings. Ultimately, we suggest potential for double- and triple-loop learning by disentangling and critiquing the frames and policy/power structures that influence decision making in urban aquatic restoration.  相似文献   

Sea surface height variability in the North East Atlantic from satellite altimetry     

Paul Sterlini  Hylke de Vries  Caroline Katsman 《Climate Dynamics》2016,47(3-4):1285-1302

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The Inorganic Carbon Chemistry in Coastal and Shelf Waters Around Ireland     

Triona McGrath  Evin McGovern  Rachel R. Cave  Caroline Kivimäe 《Estuaries and Coasts》2016,39(1):27-39

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The Bothnian Sea ice stream: early Holocene retreat dynamics of the south‐central Fennoscandian Ice Sheet     

Sarah L. Greenwood  Caroline C. Clason  Johan Nyberg  Martin Jakobsson  Per Holmlund 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2017,46(2):346-362

The Gulf of Bothnia hosted a variety of palaeo‐glaciodynamic environments throughout the growth and decay of the last Fennoscandian Ice Sheet, from the main ice‐sheet divide to a major corridor of marine‐ and lacustrine‐based deglaciation. Ice streaming through the Bothnian and Baltic basins has been widely assumed, and the damming and drainage of the huge proglacial Baltic Ice Lake has been implicated in major regional and hemispheric climate changes. However, the dynamics of palaeo‐ice flow and retreat in this large marine sector have until now been inferred only indirectly, from terrestrial, peripheral evidence. Recent acquisition of high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry opens these basins up, for the first time, to direct investigation of their glacial footprint and palaeo‐ice sheet behaviour. Here we report on a rich glacial landform record: in particular, a palaeo‐ice stream pathway, abundant traces of high subglacial meltwater volumes, and widespread basal crevasse squeeze ridges. The Bothnian Sea ice stream is a narrow flow corridor that was directed southward through the basin to a terminal zone in the south‐central Bothnian Sea. It was activated after initial margin retreat across the Åland sill and into the Bothnian basin, and the exclusive association of the ice‐stream pathway with crevasse squeeze ridges leads us to interpret a short‐lived stream event, under high extension, followed by rapid crevasse‐triggered break‐up. We link this event with a c. 150‐year ice‐rafted debris signal in peripheral varved records, at c. 10.67 cal. ka BP. Furthermore, the extensive glacifluvial system throughout the Bothnian Sea calls for considerable input of surface meltwater. We interpret strongly atmospherically driven retreat of this marine‐based ice‐sheet sector.  相似文献   

Hospital Laundry Wastewater Disinfection with Catalytic Photoozonation     

Lourdes Teresinha Kist  Caroline Albrecht  Ênio Leandro Machado 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2008,36(9):775-780

Wastewater production in a hospital laundry and the treatment of the most critical wastewater stream, are assessed. Hospital laundry wastewaters are hazardous to the environment due to their high pollutant concentrations and the chemicals added during the clothes washing process. Heterogeneous photocatalysis with UV, O₃ and TiO₂ and their possible combinations were used for disinfection purposes. A ramp‐type reactor was used for TiO₂ (P25 Degussa) fixation and for photochemical diffusion of the ozonized air. After assessing 5‐day biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, pH, turbidity, and surfactant content, and checking for the presence of thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli, it was concluded that UV/O₃/TiO₂ was the best process/combination, yielding a 100% disinfection rate and a microbiological inactivation of 0.5070 min^–1 for E. coli and of 0.5505 min^–1 for thermotolerant coliforms.  相似文献   

The loess sequence of Dolní Věstonice,Czech Republic: A new OSL‐based chronology of the Last Climatic Cycle     

Markus Fuchs  Sebastian Kreutzer  Denis‐Didier Rousseau  Pierre Antoine  Christine Hatté  France Lagroix  Olivier Moine  Caroline Gauthier  Jiri Svoboda  Lenka Lisá 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(3):664-677

The Dolní Věstonice loess section in the Czech Republic is well known for its high‐resolution loess–palaeosol sequence of the last interglacial–glacial climatic cycle (Upper Pleistocene). The loess section is situated in a climatic transition zone between oceanic and continental climates and is therefore of great value in reconstructing past regional climate conditions and their interaction with climate systems, in particular that of the North Atlantic. Based on a combination of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages, stratigraphic field observations and magnetic susceptibility measurements, a chrono‐climatic interpretation of the Dolní Věstonice loess section is presented. To establish a reliable Upper Pleistocene chronology, a quartz OSL approach was applied for equivalent dose (D_e) determination. Monomineralic quartz extracts of three distinct grain sizes, fine (4–11 μm), middle (38–63 μm) and coarse (90–200 μm), were used and compared. Within error limits, the calculated OSL ages are the same for the different grain sizes, and the OSL ages are in stratigraphic order. The established OSL chronology is in agreement with a Weichselian litho‐ and pedostratigraphy. The Dolní Věstonice loess section is characterized by four pedosedimentary subsequences. At the base of the profile, subsequence I is characterized by a distinct Early Glacial soil complex, OSL‐dated to c. 110 to 70 ka, representing one of the most complete records of environmental change in the European loess belt. Subsequence II is allocated to the Lower Pleniglacial and is characterized by laminated sandy loess. Middle Pleniglacial subsequence III is represented by a brown soil complex, and is followed by the uppermost subsequence IV, characterized by a thick body of laminated sandy loess, indicating strong wind activity and a high sedimentation rate of more than ～1 mm a^?1 during the Upper Pleniglacial. According to the OSL chronology, as well as to the sedimentological and palaeopedological investigations, it is likely that the sequence at Dolní Věstonice has recorded most of the climatic events expressed in the NGRIP δ¹⁸O reference record between 110 and 70 ka.  相似文献