Fighting for a future: an actor-oriented planning approach to landscape preservation in Galicia     

Paul Swagemakers  Damian Copena Rodríguez  María Dolores Domínguez García  Xavier Simón Fernández 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(2):109-118

Modification and channelization of streams and rivers have been conducted extensively throughout the world during the past century. Subsequently, much effort has been directed at re-creating the lost habitats and thereby improving living conditions for aquatic organisms. However, as restoration methods are plentiful, it is difficult to determine which one to use to get the anticipated result. The aim of this study was to compare two commonly used methods in small Danish streams to improve the physical condition: re-meandering and passive restoration through cease of maintenance. Our investigation included measurement of the physical conditions in 29 stream reaches covering four different groups: (1) re-meandered streams, (2) LDC streams (the least disturbed streams available), (3) passively restored streams (>10?years stop of maintenance) and (4) channelized and non-restored streams. The in-stream habitats were compared through analysis of the measured physical parameters and by applying a habitat model. We found that re-meandering is a more effective way of re-creating near-natural physical conditions in small streams compared to passive restoration. This is probably due to the limited energy in small streams which restricts re-shaping of the stream channel. However, based on habitat suitability modelling, the change to the physical condition did not translate into improved habitat suitability for young of the year brown trout highlighting the value of using several methods when evaluating restoration success.  相似文献   

Multi-criteria modelling and clustering of spatial information     

Christian Lucas 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(10):1897-1915

To improve the formal integration of verbally given spatial information in a geographical information system, a methodology for converting such information to a geographical representation was developed. This was applied to examples of a spatial-related analysis of natural language text messages in the domain of disaster management. This article presents an approach for such a conversion by using a suitable knowledge representation as well as formal modelling structures. The structures are provided by an ontology-supported knowledge base. With respect to spatial uncertainty, a formal representation based on possibility theory was defined. Moreover, a cluster algorithm was developed for handling information of different sources and building a spatial context.  相似文献   

Recharge estimates for various land uses in the Guarani Aquifer System outcrop area     

Murilo Lucas  Edson Wendland 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(7):1253-1262

ABSTRACT

The Guarani Aquifer System (GAS) is a subsurface reservoir that contains the largest volume of fresh groundwater in South America. Despite the relevance of the GAS, a lack of attention has been paid to land use effects on its recharge. We present the most detailed long-term (2004–2011) results of land-use effects on recharge in an outcrop area of the GAS. Water table fluctuations (WTFs) were measured at 11 monitoring wells, which are distributed between different land uses (i.e. eucalyptus, sugarcane, citrus and grassland). Recharge was estimated using a point-scale method (WTF) for each monitored well. The annual recharge estimates for different land uses are eucalyptus forest (135 mm year^-1), sugarcane (248 mm year^-1), citrus areas (296 mm year^-1) and grassland (401 mm year^-1). The results indicate that the evapotranspiration seems to be a key parameter in the assessment of recharge in the study area.  相似文献   

Scenarios in Global Environmental Assessments: Key characteristics and lessons for future use     

Detlef P. van Vuuren  Marcel T.J. Kok  Bastien Girod  Paul L. Lucas  Bert de Vries 《Global Environmental Change》2012,22(4):884-895

Over the last 10 years a large set of global environmental assessment studies has been published that include scenario projections. Comparison of these studies shows that there is actually a limited set of scenario families that form the basis of many scenarios used in different environmental assessments. Mapping these scenario families allow a simpler comparison across the different assessments. The fact that many assessments can be positioned within these families gives some confidence of their relevance. It is also noticeable that several recent assessments have been focusing on more focussed policy-scenarios as variant to a single baseline. This is partly a response to a different stage in the policy-making process. While there are clear advantages of both categories of scenarios (explorative scenarios and baseline/policy variants), it might be important to test the robustness of scenario outcomes of the policy-scenario approach against the different storyline scenario-families identified in this paper.  相似文献   

Castles in the sand: What's happening to the New Zealand coast? – By Raewyn Peart     

Damian Collins 《New Zealand geographer》2010,66(1):89-90

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Strategies of Bioremediation for the Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Presence of Metals in Mangrove Simulated          下载免费PDF全文

Ícaro T. A. Moreira  Olívia M. C. Oliveira  Thomas Azwell  Antonio F. S. Queiroz  Rita M. W. Nano  Eliane S. Souza  José A. S. A. Dos Anjos  Ramilla V. Assunção  Lucas Medeiros Guimarães 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(6):631-637

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Sources, loads and dispersion of dissolved inorganic nutrients in Paranaguá Bay     

Byanka Damian Mizerkowski  Karl-J. Hesse  Norbert Ladwig  Eunice da Costa Machado  Rodrigo Rosa  Taiana Araujo  Daniela Koch 《Ocean Dynamics》2012,62(10-12):1409-1424

The present study focuses on the nutrient sources and gradients in Paranaguá Bay (Southern Brazil), where nutrient inputs are related to losses from fertilizer loading in Paranaguá harbour and the discharge of untreated waste water. The input of dissolved inorganic nutrients to the bay from the harbour and city, as well as from river and atmospheric deposition, amounted to 642?t?year^?1 DIN-N and 92?t?year^?1 PO₄-P. Harbour losses accounted for 6?% of total DIN-N and 39?% of total PO₄-P loads to the bay, whereas sewage inputs from the city were responsible for 21?% and 22?%, respectively. River inputs made up 68?% of DIN-N, mainly in the form of nitrate, and 35?% of PO₄-P loads, while atmospheric wet deposition was estimated to be in the order of 5?% of DIN-N and 4?% of PO₄-P loads. Local maxima in nutrient levels deriving from highly concentrated sewage discharge were observed in front of the harbour and city of Paranaguá, but the plumes are diluted rapidly due to short residence times. DIN concentrations are negatively correlated with salinity, indicating the importance of freshwater input as a main factor controlling nitrogen distribution. Elevated phosphate levels in the stratified middle section of the bay may result both from harbour emissions and phosphate remobilization from sediments. Generally lower DIN and PO₄ concentrations during the warmer rainy season are supposed to be due to intensified assimilation rates especially in the middle section of the bay where dense phytoplankton blooms are observed. The bay as a whole cannot be classified as being seriously eutrophic, albeit eutrophication symptoms prevail in some restricted locations in front of Paranaguá harbour.  相似文献   

Sources,loads and dispersion of dissolved inorganic nutrients in Paranaguá Bay     

Mizerkowski  Byanka Damian  Hesse  Karl-J.  Ladwig  Norbert  da Costa Machado  Eunice  Rosa  Rodrigo  Araujo  Taiana  Koch  Daniela 《Ocean Dynamics》2012,62(10):1409-1424

The present study focuses on the nutrient sources and gradients in Paranaguá Bay (Southern Brazil), where nutrient inputs are related to losses from fertilizer loading in Paranaguá harbour and the discharge of untreated waste water. The input of dissolved inorganic nutrients to the bay from the harbour and city, as well as from river and atmospheric deposition, amounted to 642 t year⁻¹ DIN-N and 92 t year⁻¹ PO₄-P. Harbour losses accounted for 6 % of total DIN-N and 39 % of total PO₄-P loads to the bay, whereas sewage inputs from the city were responsible for 21 % and 22 %, respectively. River inputs made up 68 % of DIN-N, mainly in the form of nitrate, and 35 % of PO₄-P loads, while atmospheric wet deposition was estimated to be in the order of 5 % of DIN-N and 4 % of PO₄-P loads. Local maxima in nutrient levels deriving from highly concentrated sewage discharge were observed in front of the harbour and city of Paranaguá, but the plumes are diluted rapidly due to short residence times. DIN concentrations are negatively correlated with salinity, indicating the importance of freshwater input as a main factor controlling nitrogen distribution. Elevated phosphate levels in the stratified middle section of the bay may result both from harbour emissions and phosphate remobilization from sediments. Generally lower DIN and PO₄ concentrations during the warmer rainy season are supposed to be due to intensified assimilation rates especially in the middle section of the bay where dense phytoplankton blooms are observed. The bay as a whole cannot be classified as being seriously eutrophic, albeit eutrophication symptoms prevail in some restricted locations in front of Paranaguá harbour.

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Landscape preservation under post‐European settlement alluvium in the south‐eastern Australian tablelands,inferred from portable OSL reader data          下载免费PDF全文

Eric W. Portenga  Paul Bishop  Damian B Gore  Kira E Westaway 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(12):1697-1707

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Infrared spectroscopy and analysis of brown dwarf and planetary mass objects in the Orion nebula cluster     

D. J. Weights  P. W. Lucas  P. F. Roche  D. J. Pinfield  F. Riddick 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(2):817-846

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