Surface hydrological processes of rock glaciated basins in the San Juan Mountains,Colorado     

Emilio I. Mateo  J. Michael Daniels 《自然地理学》2019,40(3):275-293

Glaciers in the western USA contribute summer meltwater to regional hydrological systems. In the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, where glaciers do not exist, rock glaciers serve that function during the summer runoff period. Most rock glaciers in Colorado are located on northern slopes in mountainous areas; however, some rock glaciers in southwest Colorado have different aspects. In this study, we asked how slope aspect and rising air temperatures influence the hydrological processes of streams sourced from rock glaciers in the San Juan Mountains. We focused on three adjacent basins, Yankee Boy basin, Blue Lakes basin, and Mill Creek basin, which share a common peak, Gilpin Peak. Using HOBO® U20-001–04 water-level loggers, streamflow data were collected in each of these basins, below each rock glacier. Air temperature significantly influenced stream discharge below the rock glacier. Discharge and air temperature patterns indicate a possible air temperature threshold during late summer when rock glacier melt increases at a greater rate. The results also suggest that the aspect of rock glacier basins influences stream discharge, but that temperature and precipitation are likely larger components of melt regimes.  相似文献   

Some remarks on the assessment of P-wave velocity in laboratory tests for evaluating the degree of saturation     

Astuto  Giuseppe  Molina-Gómez  Fausto  Bilotta  Emilio  Viana da Fonseca  António  Flora  Alessandro 《Acta Geotechnica》2023,18(2):777-790

Acta Geotechnica - This work stems from the need to validate a technique for a reliably measurement of the degree of saturation (Sr) in deposits composed of sandy soils to improve their...  相似文献   

Cenozoic tectosedimentary evolution of Mallorca island     

Emilio Ramos-Guerrero  Antonio Rodriguez-Perea  Francesc Sabat  Josep Serra-Kiel 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1):53-72

Abstract

The results of recent biostratigraphic, sedimentologic and structural work concerning the island of Mallorca have led us to elaborate a synthesis of the Cenozoic tectosedimentary evolution of this area. The recognition in the field of several unconformities enabled us to distinguish four Depositional Sequences embracing the pre and syntectonic deposits.

From Paleocene to part of Middle Eocene there was no sedimentation in the Mallorca area. This stratigraphie gap follows the onset of Africa-Europe convergence.

The area was stable during the first sequence (Upper Lutetian-Bartonian), which is trangressive towards the NW. Tectonic activity is recorded by the conglomeratic wedges of Depositional Sequence 11 (Priabonian-Lower Chattian). A dramatic paleogeographic change ocurred between Depositional Sequence II and III. Observed thrusts and unstable platform sediments of Depositional Sequence III (Upper Chattian-Lo-wermost Burdigalian) indicate the onset of thrust tectonics in the area. Turbiditic deposits of Depositional Sequence IV (Burdigalian-Langhian) are clearly syntectonic. Post-orogenic deposits range from Serravalian to recent and are not discussed in this paper.

Synthetic regional geological cross-sections have been constructed. They are used to restore the cartographic structural units to their relative pre-tectonic position and a palinspastic map for each Depositional Sequence has been obtained. These maps show both the sedimentary environment distribution and the active tectonic structures; hence they illustrate the tectosedimentary evolution of the Mallorca area through the Cenozoic.

This work has evident limitations arising from the small area studied in relation to the Cenozoic Betic basin and from the lacking subsurface data.  相似文献   

Geodynamic evolution of ophiolites from Albania and Greece (Dinaric-Hellenic belt): one, two, or more oceanic basins?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Valerio Bortolotti  Marco Chiari  Michele Marroni  Luca Pandolfi  Gianfranco Principi  Emilio Saccani 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(3):783-811

All the geological constraints for an exhaustive reconstruction of the Triassic to Tertiary tectonic history of the southern Dinaric-Hellenic belt can be found in Albania and Greece. This article aims to schematically reconstruct this long tectonic evolution primarily based on a detailed analysis of the tectonic setting, the stratigraphy, the geochemistry, and the age of the ophiolites. In contrast to what was previously reported in the literature, we propose a new subdivision on a regional scale of the ophiolite complexes cropping out in Albania and Greece. This new subdivision includes six types of ophiolite occurrences, each corresponding to different tectonic units derived from a single obducted sheet. These units are represented by: (1) sub-ophiolite mélange, (2) Triassic ocean-floor ophiolites, (3) metamorphic soles, (4) Jurassic fore-arc ophiolites, (5) Jurassic intra-oceanic-arc ophiolites, and (6) Jurassic back-arc basin ophiolites. The overall features of these ophiolites are coherent with the existence of a single, though composite, oceanic basin located east of the Adria/Pelagonian continental margin. This oceanic basin was originated during the Middle Triassic and was subsequently (Early Jurassic) affected by an east-dipping intra-oceanic subduction. This subduction was responsible for the birth of intra-oceanic-arc and back-arc oceanic basins separated by a continental volcanic arc during the Early to Middle Jurassic. From the uppermost Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, an obduction developed, during which the ophiolites were thrust westwards firstly onto the neighboring oceanic lithosphere and then onto the Adria margin.  相似文献   

Feasibility of Solid‐State Fermentation Using Spent Fungi‐Substrate in the Biodegradation of PAHs     

Emilio Rosales  Marta Pazos  M. Ángeles Sanromán 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(6):610-615

The ability of Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus to grow on agroindustrial wastes, such as orange peels, and to degrade model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in solid‐state fermentation (SSF) was evaluated. Best results in laccase production were obtained with T. versicolor cultures (3000 U L^?1), however, P. ostreatus (2700 U L^?1) showed higher ability to degrade the tested PAHs phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR). Moreover, orange peels can be used as biofertilizer and the oxidative ability of the spent fungus and substrate obtained in SSF can be used in the remediation of polluted soil. The results obtained confirm this hypothesis. Thus, the decontamination achieved in soils polluted with PYR was around 43% (after 30 days) by addition of spent fungus and substrate from SSF.  相似文献   

Land Changes Fostering Atlantic Forest Transition in Brazil: Evidence from the Paraíba Valley     

Ramon Felipe Bicudo da Silva  Mateus Batistella  Emilio Federico Moran  Dengsheng Lu 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(1):80-93

The Atlantic Forest biome has only 13 percent of its pristine vegetation cover left. This article analyzes the consequences of land changes on forest cover in the Paraíba Valley, São Paulo state, Brazil, from 1985 to 2011. Multitemporal satellite image classifications were carried out to map eight land use and land cover classes. The forest cover increased from 2,696 km² in 1985 to 4,704 km² in 2011, mostly over areas of degraded pastures. The highest rates of afforestation were observed within protected areas around eucalyptus plantations. On the other hand, deforestation processes were concentrated on areas covered by secondary forests. Socioeconomic changes taking place in particular Brazilian settings, such as industrialization and agricultural modernization, allied to the Paraíba Valley's natural biophysical constraints for agricultural production, have led the region to experience a remarkable case of forest transition.  相似文献   

A survey of remote sensing-based aboveground biomass estimation methods in forest ecosystems   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Dengsheng Lu  Qi Chen  Guangxing Wang  Lijuan Liu  Guiying Li  Emilio Moran 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(1):63-105

Remote sensing-based methods of aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation in forest ecosystems have gained increased attention, and substantial research has been conducted in the past three decades. This paper provides a survey of current biomass estimation methods using remote sensing data and discusses four critical issues – collection of field-based biomass reference data, extraction and selection of suitable variables from remote sensing data, identification of proper algorithms to develop biomass estimation models, and uncertainty analysis to refine the estimation procedure. Additionally, we discuss the impacts of scales on biomass estimation performance and describe a general biomass estimation procedure. Although optical sensor and radar data have been primary sources for AGB estimation, data saturation is an important factor resulting in estimation uncertainty. LIght Detection and Ranging (lidar) can remove data saturation, but limited availability of lidar data prevents its extensive application. This literature survey has indicated the limitations of using single-sensor data for biomass estimation and the importance of integrating multi-sensor/scale remote sensing data to produce accurate estimates over large areas. More research is needed to extract a vertical vegetation structure (e.g. canopy height) from interferometry synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) or optical stereo images to incorporate it into horizontal structures (e.g. canopy cover) in biomass estimation modeling.  相似文献   

Magmatic evolution in the N-Gondwana margin related to the opening of the Rheic Ocean—evidence from the Upper Parautochthon of the Galicia-Trás-os-Montes Zone and from the Central Iberian Zone (NW Iberian Massif)     

Ícaro Dias da Silva  Rubén Díez Fernández  Alejandro Díez-Montes  Emilio González Clavijo  David A. Foster 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2016,105(4):1127-1151

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Un nuovo metodo per calcolare l’etá della Terra     

Emilio Oddone 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1926,2(2):229-238

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Eco-hydrological role of deep aquifers in the Salado sedimentary basin in the Province of Buenos Aires,Argentina     

Eleonora S. Carol  Eduardo Emilio Kruse  Jorge L. Pousa 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(4):749-756

Although not well known, the eco-hydrological functions of deep aquifers (those having no contact with surface hydrological events) play an important role in the hydrological regime because they can affect the type of habitats, the availability of water and nutrients and the salinity of the medium, among other environmental features. This work aims at characterizing the deep Tertiary hydrogeological units of the Salado sedimentary basin in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, at a regional scale, and to determine their environmental importance in the hydrological cycle. The geological characterization of the study area is based on the drilling profiles from oil exploration wells bored by different oil companies between 1948 and 1994, and also from the existing literature. The conclusion is that water exchange between quaternary surface aquifers in contact with atmospheric events and deep tertiary aquifers is one of the main processes that keep the hydrologic balance of the region. Not only is this crucial for the conservation of the numerous and well-developed ecosystems in the basin wetlands, but also significant for the agricultural and cattle-raising activities of the region.  相似文献