长江沿江地区化工产业空间格局演化及影响因素   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

邹辉  段学军 《地理研究》2019,38(4):884-897

基于企业数据和空间计量方法,探讨了长江沿江地区2000—2013年化工产业空间格局演化及影响因素。结果表明：化工产业主要分布在上海市和江苏沿江地区;中上游部分地区化工产业呈现明显的增长势头,由3个主要热点区发展到20余个不同规模大小的分布热点,成为化工产业新兴“增长极”;城市主城区化工产业减少而远郊区县增加,分布热点变化也反映了化工产业“郊区化”“园区化”的过程;相对低端基础的行业呈现集聚趋势,其中肥料业集聚明显;相对高端精细的行业呈现扩散趋势,其中合成材料业分散化明显;地区化工产业增长受到环境规制、外商投资、交通区位等因素显著影响,外商投资和交通区位具有显著的促进作用,而环境规制呈现显著的抑制效果。  相似文献   

知识产权贸易下的全球地缘科技格局及其演化   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

段德忠  杜德斌  谌颖 《地理研究》2019,38(9):2115-2128

中国崛起,关键在于科技崛起。在当前技术针对与封锁的国际环境中,探讨建构以中国为核心的全球创新网络和科学制定中国未来科技战略是当前创新地理学和地缘政治学交叉之下研究的重点课题,而明晰全球地缘科技格局及其演变过程则是基础所在。本文基于2001—2015年全球国家（地区）间的知识产权进出口数据,在研究全球知识产权贸易格局和网络结构的基础上,探讨了全球地缘科技体系的时空演化特征,得出以下结论：① 全球知识产权贸易网络两极分化显著,是一典型的小世界网络,以美国为核心的金字塔结构不断夯实;② 基于敏感性和脆弱性模型阐释的全球知识产权贸易的非对称依赖性进一步验证了美国是全球地缘科技格局的核心,且其核心地位不断巩固和加强。  相似文献   

Growth inhibition and oxidative stress in two species of marine diatoms exposed to 1-phenylethanol     

DOU Xiang  MENG Fanping  DUAN Weiyan  LIU Qunqun  LI Hao  DU Shuhao  PENG Xiaoling 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(4)

1-phenylethanol(1-PEA)is a flavor extensively used in the production of co smetics,beverages,and food.The release of 1-PEA into coastal environments has aroused great concern.However,its potential effects on marine organisms are still unknown.In order to provide a better understanding of the ecological risks of 1-PEA in marine environments,this study determined the toxic effects of 1-PEA on two marine diatoms(Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Skeletonema costatum).The diatoms were grown in culture medium containing different concentrations of 1-PEA for 96 h.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll c,glutathione(GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA),and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx),were measured at the end of the exposure period.1-PEA was shown to significantly inhibit the growth of diatoms,with 96-h EC_(50) values of 257.14 mg/L and 126.46 mg/L in P.tricornutum and S.costatum,respectively.In P.tricornutum,the levels of SOD,CAT,GPx,GSH,and MDA were stimulated only when 1-PEA concentrations were close to or greater than the 96-h EC_(50)value.However,in S.costatum,the activities of SOD and CAT,and the syntheses of two chlorophylls were inhibited even at an exposure concentration below the 96-h EC_(50) value.Taken together,these findings indicate a potential ecological risk by discharging 1-PEA into coastal areas and its species-specific toxic effects on marine organisms.  相似文献   

海萝抗氧化酶系与失水响应因子表达模式分析     

刘顺  胡自民  张全胜  段德麟 《海洋科学》2019,43(5):1-10

潮间带红藻海萝(Gloiopeltis furcata)对失水胁迫具有很强的耐受能力。为探索海萝周期性失水过程中的响应机制,本研究在24 h内设计了两次连续的失水-复水循环处理,测定了海萝抗氧化酶活力的变化情况。同时,利用转录组测序技术,结合荧光定量PCR方法(qRT-RCR),对海萝失水响应基因的转录表达进行了验证。结果表明:海萝转录组共组装到32681条基因。与对照组相比,处理组共表达了7161条差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs)。KEGG分析显示, DEGs分布在代谢、环境信息加工、有机体系统、遗传信息加工、细胞进程等方面。海萝抗氧化酶活力测定发现,抗氧化能力对海萝响应失水胁迫十分重要。过氧化氢酶(CAT)、硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)参与抗氧化过程,其中CAT酶活力对海萝抵抗失水胁迫尤为重要。此外,qRT-PCR结果显示,海萝中渗透调节物质红藻糖苷合成的相关基因(GfUGPase、GfGK、GfGPDH)只对初次失水处理有正响应。而热激蛋白70基因(GfHSP70)、碳酸酐酶基因(GfCA)、MYB蛋白编码基因(GfMYB)以及谷胱甘肽S转移酶基因(GfGST)在两次失水过程中其转录水平均有上调表达,它们也参与了海萝失水响应机制。  相似文献   

锁块式水下采油树井口连接器性能分析     

程子云  李文博  张玉  段梦兰 《海洋工程》2019,37(2):40-49

水下采油树井口连接器是连接采油树和井口的关键设备,对深海水下勘探开发及采油树的安装连接具有不可或缺的重要意义。以一种锁块式水下连接器为例,介绍其结构组成和工作原理,通过有限元建立连接器的三维模型,分析连接器在下放安装工况、连接锁紧工况、正常生产工况和钻完井工况下的连接性能,得出井口与采油树本体接触面作用力、VX钢圈接触应力和锁块受力情况随外部载荷的相互关系。结果表明,VX钢圈在整个过程中都能够保持良好密封,井口与采油树本体接触面未发生分离,弯矩对连接器连接性能影响很大,在额定弯矩作用时连接器部分锁块已发生弹塑性失效。  相似文献   

决口海堤水波传播模拟和分析研究Ⅱ:2D传播     

王驰  王红  段子冰  周正萍  左其华 《海洋工程》2019,37(6):74-85

应用经验证的SWASH数学模型,分析了海堤决口中心线沿线实测水深分布规律和保护区淹没水量与淹没面积。对不同特征水深进行验证,进而探讨不同波要素对不同形式的海堤决口堤后特征水深分布情况以及波浪传播距离与时间的关系;分析了物理模型试验中海堤决口宽度以及不同波要素对堤后洪水波演进的影响;计算了不同决口深度和宽度对洪水波传播的影响,建立堤后水体淹没水量和淹没面积分布公式。成果可供我国沿海城市和地区在风暴潮和台风浪作用下海堤决口风险图绘制参考。  相似文献   

疏肝消瘿方联合西药治疗甲状腺功能亢进症40例临床观察          下载免费PDF全文

李娜  段春梅  王齐有 《应用海洋学学报》2019,35(10):7-9

目的：观察疏肝消瘿方联合西药治疗甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）的临床疗效。方法：将80例甲亢患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各40例。对照组给予甲巯咪唑治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上给予疏肝消瘿方治疗,2组均以4周为1个疗程,随访12周后,比较2组患者的临床疗效、甲状腺功能及治疗前后服用西药剂量的变化。结果：总有效率治疗组为92.5%,对照组为75.0%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组TSH、FT3、FT4及TRAb水平治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组甲巯咪唑服用剂量治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：疏肝消瘿方联合西药治疗甲状腺功能亢进症疗效优于单用西药组,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   

Bioactive substances of various seaweeds and their applications and utilization     

DUAN Delin  CRITCHLEY Alan T.  FU Xiaoting  PEREIRA Leonel 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):779-782

Over the past century or more,traditional uses of seaweeds began and initially comprised the simple collection,sorting and drying of seaweeds harvested from the wild,or cast upon the beach,for use as soil“manure/fertilizer/improver”.Some macroalgae were used for unprocessed food purposes and subsequently harvested and cultivated biomasses of selected brown and red seaweeds becameindustrially processed to yield alginates,mannitol,iodine,agar,agarose,carrageenan,and more recently biostimulants,etc.Products from various seaweeds are very diverse and are commonly applied in a range that includes textiles and dying,food/feed and supplements and specialized medical applications.  相似文献   

Growth inhibition and oxidative stress in two species of marine diatoms exposed to 1-phenylethanol     

DOU Xiang  MENG Fanping  DUAN Weiyan  LIU Qunqun  LI Hao  DU Shuhao  PENG Xiaoling 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(4):1342-1352

1-phenylethanol (1-PEA) is a flavor extensively used in the production of cosmetics, beverages, and food. The release of 1-PEA into coastal environments has aroused great concern. However, its potential effects on marine organisms are still unknown. In order to provide a better understanding of the ecological risks of 1-PEA in marine environments, this study determined the toxic effects of 1-PEA on two marine diatoms (Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Skeletonema costatum). The diatoms were grown in culture medium containing different concentrations of 1-PEA for 96 h. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were measured at the end of the exposure period. 1-PEA was shown to significantly inhibit the growth of diatoms, with 96-h EC50 values of 257.14 mg/Land 126.46 mg/L in P. tricornutum and S. costatum, respectively. In P. tricornutum, the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and MDA were stimulated only when 1-PEA concentrations were close to or greater than the 96-h EC50 value. However, in S. costatum, the activities of SOD and CAT, and the syntheses of two chlorophylls were inhibited even at an exposure concentration below the 96-h EC50 value. Taken together, these findings indicate a potential ecological risk by discharging 1-PEA into coastal areas and its species-specific toxic effects on marine organisms.  相似文献   

加权空-谱联合保持嵌入的高光谱遥感影像降维方法     

黄鸿  石光耀  段宇乐  张丽梅 《测绘学报》2019,48(8):1014-1024

高光谱遥感影像数据量大、波段数多,容易导致“维数灾难”。传统流形学习方法一般仅考虑其光谱特征,忽略了空间信息。为此提出一种非监督的基于加权空-谱联合保持嵌入(WSCPE)的维数约简算法。首先采用加权均值滤波(WMF)方法对高光谱影像进行滤波,以消除噪点和背景点的干扰。然后根据遥感影像地物分布的空间一致性,通过采用加权空-谱联合距离(WSCD)来融合像素点的光谱信息和空间信息,有效选取各像素点的空-谱近邻,并根据像素点与其空-谱近邻点之间的坐标距离来有区别的利用其近邻点进行流形重构,提取低维鉴别特征进行地物分类。在PaviaU和Indian Pines数据集上的分类结果表明,总体分类精度分别达到了98.89%和95.47%。该方法在反映影像内部流形结构的同时,有效融合了影像的空间-光谱信息,故能提高影像特征的鉴别性,并提升分类性能。  相似文献