Rare earth elements distribution in soil nearby thermal power plant     

Željka Fiket  Gordana Medunić  Goran Kniewald 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(7):598

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Long‐term water budget imbalances and error sources for cold region drainage basins          下载免费PDF全文

Shusen Wang  Jianliang Huang  Daqing Yang  Goran Pavlic  Junhua Li 《水文研究》2015,29(9):2125-2136

This study assessed the long‐term (1979–2008) water budget closures for 19 large cold region drainage basins in Canada using recently developed datasets for precipitation (P), land surface evapotranspiration and water surface evaporation, and observed streamflow. Total water storage (TWS) trends from the GRACE satellite observations were also used to assist the assessment. The objectives are to quantify the magnitudes and spatial patterns of the water budget imbalance (ε) and its source of errors for these cold region basins. Results showed that the water budget was closed within 10% of the P on average for all the basins. The ε showed a general pattern of positive values in the south and negative values in the north and mountainous regions over the country. Basins with large ε values were mostly found in the north. Uncertainties in the water budget variables, particularly P, were found to play a major role in the ε. Significant trends in TWS were found over 11 basins, which accounted for 31% of their ε on average. Improvements in the observation network, data quality assurance, and spatial models for P are critical for further improving the water budget closure for the cold region drainage basins. © 2014 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Hydrological Processes. © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

MA130301GT catalogue of Martian impact craters and advanced evaluation of crater detection algorithms using diverse topography and image datasets   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Goran Salamuni?car  Sven Lon?ari? 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(1):111-74

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Relationship between MODIS based Aerosol Optical Depth and PM10 over Croatia     

Sanja Grgurić  Josip Križan  Goran Gašparac  Oleg Antonić  Zdravko Špirić  Rodelise E. Mamouri  A. Christodoulou  Argyro Nisantzi  Athos Agapiou  Kyriakos Themistocleous  Kurt Fedra  Charalambos Panayiotou  Diofantos Hadjimitsis 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2014,6(1):2-16

This study analyzes the relationship between Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) obtained from Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and ground-based PM10 mass concentration distribution over a period of 5 years (2008–2012), and investigates the applicability of satellite AOD data for ground PM10 mapping for the Croatian territory. Many studies have shown that satellite AOD data are correlated to ground-based PM mass concentration. However, the relationship between AOD and PM is not explicit and there are unknowns that cause uncertainties in this relationship. The relationship between MODIS AOD and ground-based PM10 has been studied on the basis of a large data set where daily averaged PM10 data from the 12 air quality stations across Croatia over the 5 year period are correlated with AODs retrieved from MODIS Terra and Aqua. A database was developed to associate coincident MODIS AOD (independent) and PM10 data (dependent variable). Additional tested independent variables (predictors, estimators) included season, cloud fraction, and meteorological parameters — including temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, as well as planetary boundary layer height — using meteorological data from WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) model. It has been found that 1) a univariate linear regression model fails at explaining the data variability well which suggests nonlinearity of the AOD-PM10 relationship, and 2) explanation of data variability can be improved with multivariate linear modeling and a neural network approach, using additional independent variables.  相似文献   

Causal thinking and support for climate change policies: International survey findings     

Ann Bostrom  Robert E. O’Connor  Gisela Böhm  Daniel Hanss  Otto Bodi  Frida Ekström  Pradipta Halder  Sven Jeschke  Birgit Mack  Mei Qu  Lynn Rosentrater  Anethe Sandve  Ingrid Sælensminde 《Global Environmental Change》2012,22(1):210-222

Few comparative international studies describe the climate change policies people are willing to support and the reasons for their support of different policies. Using survey data from 664 economics and business undergraduates in Austria, Bangladesh, Finland, Germany, Norway, and the United States, we explore how perceived risk characteristics and mental models of climate change influence support for policy alternatives. General green policies such as funding research on renewable technologies and planting trees were the overwhelmingly most popular policy alternatives. Around half the students support carbon reduction policies such as requiring higher car fuel efficiency and increasing taxes on fossil fuels. Least popular were engineering alternatives such as fertilizing the oceans and replacing fossil fuels with nuclear power. Variations among nations are generally small. Support for different policy alternatives corresponds with different causal thinking. Those who hold a pollution model of the causes of climate change, tend to blame environmental harms (e.g., air pollution from toxic chemicals), see general green policy alternatives as effective, and support general green policies. Support of carbon reduction strategies is associated with seeing carbon emissions as the cause and reducing carbon emissions as effective solutions. Support of engineering solutions increases with identifying volcanoes among causes and regarding engineering solutions as effective. Although these international students agree that climate change is a threatening problem, their causal thinking correlates with support for different mitigative policy actions, with the most popular ones not necessarily the most effective.  相似文献   

GT-57633 catalogue of Martian impact craters developed for evaluation of crater detection algorithms     

Goran Salamuni?car  Sven Lon?ari? 《Planetary and Space Science》2008,56(15):1992-2008

Crater detection algorithms (CDAs) are an important subject of the recent scientific research. A ground truth (GT) catalogue, which contains the locations and sizes of known craters, is important for the evaluation of CDAs in a wide range of CDA applications. Unfortunately, previous catalogues of craters by other authors cannot be easily used as GT. In this paper, we propose a method for integration of several existing catalogues to obtain a new craters catalogue. The methods developed and used during this work on the GT catalogue are: (1) initial screening of used catalogues; (2) evaluation of self-consistency of used catalogues; (3) initial registration from three different catalogues; (4) cross-evaluation of used catalogues; (5) additional registrations and registrations from additional catalogues; and (6) fine-tuning and registration with additional data-sets. During this process, all craters from all major currently available manually assembled catalogues were processed, including catalogues by Barlow, Rodionova, Boyce, Kuzmin, and our previous work. Each crater from the GT catalogue contains references to crater(s) that are used for its registration. This provides direct access to all properties assigned to craters from the used catalogues, which can be of interest even to those scientists that are not directly interested in CDAs. Having all these craters in a single catalogue also provides a good starting point for searching for craters still not catalogued manually, which is also expected to be one of the challenges of CDAs. The resulting new GT catalogue contains 57,633 craters, significantly more than any previous catalogue. From this point of view, GT-57633 catalogue is currently the most complete catalogue of large Martian impact craters. Additionally, each crater from the resulting GT-57633 catalogue is aligned with MOLA topography and, during the final review phase, additionally registered/aligned with 1/256° THEMIS-DIR, 1/256° MDIM and 1/256° MOC data-sets. Accordingly, the resulting GT-57633 catalogue can successfully be used as a part of the framework for evaluation of CDAs.  相似文献   

Mass Fractions of Forty‐Six Major and Trace Elements,Including Rare Earth Elements,in Sediment and Soil Reference Materials Used in Environmental Studies          下载免费PDF全文

Željka Fiket  Nevenka Mikac  Goran Kniewald 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2017,41(1):123-135

Development of new techniques, enabling simultaneous determination of large numbers of elements in environmental samples, can force analysts to use certified reference materials that do not contain all the elements of interest. In this paper, the mass fractions of forty‐six major and trace elements, including rare earth elements (REE), are presented in one soil (NCS DC 77302 also known as GBW 07410) and five sediment (Metranal‐1, IAEA 405, MESS‐3, NCS DC 73309 also known as GBW 07311 and NCS DC 75301 also known as GBW 07314) certified reference materials determined by high resolution inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. The selected certified materials represent a spectrum of geological matrices often analysed in environmental studies. Measured elements include certified elements, elements listed with information values as well as new elements absent from certificates, including REEs and some other elements. REE + Y mass fractions in the river sediment reference material Metranal‐1 are reported for the first time. The results obtained are in agreement with available certified or information values.  相似文献   

Seismotectonic re-evaluation of the 1976 Friuli, Italy, seismic sequence     

Silvia Pondrelli  Göran Ekström  Andrea Morelli 《Journal of Seismology》2001,5(1):73-83

The 1976 Friuli seismic sequence is known for itscomplexity, with several unusually large aftershocksoccurring in the epicentral area. The source region, where the northeastern part of the Alpine chain meetsthe northern Dinaric chain, is characterized by a complexcompressional tectonic regime. Previous studies have not clearly identified which of the two main tectonic systems was activated, in part due to the limited precision of derived earthquake parameters, such as hypocentral coordinates and focal mechanisms. We review the locations for the 10 largest events of the sequence, including theSeptember 16, 1977 and April 18, 1979 earthquakes andwe compute their centroid moment tensors. Source parameters are calculated using intermediate period surfacewaves and the modification of the Harvard centroid-moment tensoralgorithm proposed by Arvidsson and Ekström (1998). A summary of all available geological, geodetic and seismological data show that most of the earthquakes may be associated with the Periadriatic overthrust and other related thrust faults. Based on their locations and focal mechanisms only two ofthe early aftershocks (May 7, 1976 and May 9, 1976) appear instead to have occurred on Dinaric structures.  相似文献   

The distribution of fluorine among some coexisting minerals     

T. K. Ekström 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1972,34(3):192-200

Coexisting Ca-amphiboles, biotites, apatites, and sphenes were analysed for fluorine by a micro-probe. Fifty samples from four areas were examined. The distribution coefficient K _D(F) ^A-B for coexisting Ca-amphibole and biotite varies between 0.5 and 1.1 and is positively correlated with increasing metamorphic grade and with increasing contents of Ti in Ca-amphibole. Samples carrying hematite have normally a higher content of fluorine in the hydrous minerals due to an increasing activity of fluorine during the oxidation. It is shown that apatite mirrors a low activity of fluorine better than coexisting biotite, which in turn is a more sensitive indicator at higher F-activities. The distribution of fluorine between sphene and biotite is also discussed.  相似文献   

Ground-Water Dams for Rural-Water Supplies in Developing Countries   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Goran Hanson  Åke Nilsson 《Ground water》1986,24(4):497-506

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