International Geomagnetic Reference Field 2000   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

International Association of Geomagnetism  Aeronomy Division V  Working Group 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,141(1):259-262

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美国防震减灾工作的法制化管理简介     

防震减灾法制管理考察团 《国际地震动态》2000,(8):17-19

由中国地震局、全国人大教科文卫委员会、国务院法制办公室、国家质量技术监督局有关人员组成的防震减灾法制管理考察代表团一行8人 ,于 2 0 0 0年 4月 1 2～ 2 8日赴美国进行了防震减灾法制管理考察。代表团在美国期间 ,访问了美国联邦紧急事务管理局 (FEMA)、美国地质调查局 (USGS) ,考察了美国建设工程抗震设防的情况 ,特别与旧金山市政府进行了学术交流。双方主要就旧金山市政府自 1 989年洛马普列塔 7.1级地震后 ,在地震灾害防御方面所采取的对策措施进行了研讨和交流。美国是世界上地震多发、地震灾害严重的国家之一。因此 ,美国…  相似文献   

1999年11月29日岫岩—海城5.6级地震的烈度与震害     

钟以章  郑双成  吴明大  万波  孟补在  张先泽  符宝贵  武志敏 《东北地震研究》2000,16(3):21-30

１９９９年１１月２９日在辽宁海城岫岩交界处发生了５．６级地震,这次地震造成的破坏、震中烈度达到了Ⅶ度,本文阐述了这次地震的宏观地震参数,烈度划分标度,烈度分布及震害特点等内容,与一般的５．５级左右地震相比,这次地震的特点是,震害偏重,震害分布不均匀,地震波的频谱效应从震害现象得到明显反映。  相似文献   

Evidence for surface rupture associated with the Mw 6.3 L'Aquila earthquake sequence of April 2009 (central Italy)     

EMERGEO Working Group 《地学学报》2010,22(1):43-51

An earthquake of Mw = 6.3 struck L'Aquila town (central Italy) on 6 April 2009 rupturing an ∼18-km-long SW-dipping normal fault. The aftershock area extended for a length of more than 35 km and included major aftershocks on 7 and 9 April and thousands of minor events. Surface faulting occurred along the SW-dipping Paganica fault with a continuous extent of ∼2.5 km. Ruptures consist of open cracks and vertical dislocations or warps (0.1m maximum throw) with an orientation of N130°–140°. Small triggered slip and shaking effects also took place along nearby synthetic and antithetic normal faults. The observed limited extent and small surface displacement of the Paganica ruptures with respect to the height of the fault scarps and vertical throws of palaeo-earthquakes along faults in the area put the faulting associated with the L'Aquila earthquake in perspective with respect to the maximum expected magnitude and the regional seismic hazard.  相似文献   

长江中下游成矿带岩石圈结构与成矿动力学模型——深部探测(SinoProbe)综述   总被引：23，自引：10，他引：13  

吕庆田  董树文  史大年  汤井田  江国明  张永谦  徐涛  SinoProbe--CJ项目组 《岩石学报》2014,30(4):889-906

岩石圈结构和深部过程对理解成矿带和大型矿集区的形成十分重要。岩石圈尺度的地球动力学过程将在地壳中留下各种结构的或物质的"痕迹",这些"痕迹"可以通过地球物理的手段去探测。为深入理解长江中下游成矿带形成的深部动力学过程,作者在国家深部探测专项(SinoProbe)和国家自然科学基金重点项目支持下,在长江中下游成矿带开展了综合地球物理探测。方法包括宽频地震、深地震反射、广角反射/折射和大地电磁测深。数据处理和反演结果取得一系列新发现:(1)成矿带上地幔顶部存在低速体,在中心深度300km处有一向SW倾斜的高速体;(2)S波接收函数证实成矿带岩石圈较薄,只有50~70km;横波分裂结果显示,成矿带上地幔各向异性方向和强度与邻区有较大区别,显示平行成矿带(NE-SW向)的上地幔变形和流动;(3)深反射地震揭示成矿带上地壳曾发生强烈挤压变形,以紧闭褶皱、逆冲和推覆为特征;在宁芜火山岩盆地、长江断裂带和郯庐断裂之下出现"鳄鱼嘴"构造,指示上下地壳在挤压变形过程中解耦;深反射地震证实发生过陆内俯冲和叠瓦,并认为是岩石圈增厚和拆沉的主导机制;(4)广角反射和大地电磁反演给出了跨成矿带地壳剖面的速度和电性结构,速度和电阻率分布总体上与构造单元相吻合。本文分析和解释了这些发现的地质意义,并结合近年在长江中下游地区的地球化学研究进展,提出了成矿带地球动力学模型。该模型认为:中、晚侏罗世陆内俯冲、岩石圈拆沉、幔源岩浆底侵和MASH过程造就了长江中下游世界级成矿带的形成。  相似文献   

TOPO-EUROPE: The geoscience of coupled deep Earth-surface processes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S.A.P.L. Cloetingh  P.A. Ziegler  P.J.F. Bogaard  P.A.M. Andriessen  I.M. Artemieva  G. Bada  R.T. van Balen  F. Beekman  Z. Ben-Avraham  J.-P. Brun  H.P. Bunge  E.B. Burov  R. Carbonell  C. Facenna  A. Friedrich  J. Gallart  A.G. Green  O. Heidbach  A.G. Jones  L. Matenco  J. Mosar  O. Oncken  C. Pascal  G. Peters  S. Sliaupa  A. Soesoo  W. Spakman  R.A. Stephenson  H. Thybo  T. Torsvik  G. de Vicente  F. Wenzel  M.J.R. Wortel  TOPO-EUROPE Working Group 《Global and Planetary Change》2007,58(1-4):1

TOPO-EUROPE addresses the 4-D topographic evolution of the orogens and intra-plate regions of Europe through a multidisciplinary approach linking geology, geophysics, geodesy and geotechnology. TOPO-EUROPE integrates monitoring, imaging, reconstruction and modelling of the interplay between processes controlling continental topography and related natural hazards. Until now, research on neotectonics and related topography development of orogens and intra-plate regions has received little attention. TOPO-EUROPE initiates a number of novel studies on the quantification of rates of vertical motions, related tectonically controlled river evolution and land subsidence in carefully selected natural laboratories in Europe. From orogen through platform to continental margin, these natural laboratories include the Alps/Carpathians–Pannonian Basin System, the West and Central European Platform, the Apennines–Aegean–Anatolian region, the Iberian Peninsula, the Scandinavian Continental Margin, the East-European Platform, and the Caucasus–Levant area. TOPO-EUROPE integrates European research facilities and know-how essential to advance the understanding of the role of topography in Environmental Earth System Dynamics. The principal objective of the network is twofold. Namely, to integrate national research programs into a common European network and, furthermore, to integrate activities among TOPO-EUROPE institutes and participants. Key objectives are to provide an interdisciplinary forum to share knowledge and information in the field of the neotectonic and topographic evolution of Europe, to promote and encourage multidisciplinary research on a truly European scale, to increase mobility of scientists and to train young scientists. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of continental topography research, and of the challenges to TOPO-EUROPE researchers in the targeted natural laboratories.  相似文献   

Thickness of the lithosphere east of the Dead Sea Transform   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ayman Mohsen  Rainer Kind  Stephan V. Sobolev  Michael Weber  the DESERT Group 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(2):845-852

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International Geomagnetic Reference Field, 1995 revision   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

IAGA Division V  Working Group 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1996,147(1):195-202

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Impacts by heavy-oil spill from the Russian tanker Nakhodka on intertidal ecosystems: recovery of animal community     

Yamamoto T  Nakaoka M  Komatsu T  Kawai H;Marine Life Research Group of Takeno  Ohwada K 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,47(1-6):91-98

The impact of a heavy-oil spill from the Nakhodka on an intertidal animal community, and the recovery process of animals from the damage were surveyed from the autumn of 1997 to the spring of 2001. The field study was carried out in the rocky coast of Imago-Ura Cove, located along the Sea of Japan, where clean-up operations for oil pollution had been conducted less intensely than in other polluted areas. We have examined individual number of each animal taxon by continuously placing a quadrat of 5 m width along the entire intertidal zone of the cove. A total of 76 invertebrate taxa including 57 species of mollusks, 10 species of crustaceans were observed during the survey. The number of taxa increased from 1998 to 1999 in areas where the initial oil pollution was intense. Total individual number of benthic animals continued to increase from 1998 to 2000 in the polluted areas. The impact of oil on benthic animals was different from species to species. Some species such as Cellana toreuma and Monodonta labio confusa increased rapidly after the oil spill, whereas other species such as Patelloida saccharina lanx and Septifer virgatus did not show any apparent temporal tendencies. Population size structure of P. saccharina lanx varied greatly among years, however that of M. labio confusa did not. For P. saccharina lanx, recruitment was unsuccessful in 1997, possibly due to the effect of oil pollution. These differences in responses to oil pollution among benthic animals are considered to be caused by the differences in habitat use, susceptibility to heavy-oil, life history and migration ability. The findings suggest that it took at least 2-3 years for the intertidal animal community to recover to its original level after the oil spill.  相似文献   

REGRESSION ON MULTIVARIATE IMAGES:PRINCIPAL COMPONENT REGRESSION FOR MODELING,PREDICTION AND VISUAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS     

PAUL GELADI Research Group for Chemometries  University of Ume  S- Ume  Sweden  Center for Peat Research Box  S- Ume  SwedenKIM ESBENSEN Norwegian Computing Center  PB  Blindern  N- Oslo  Norway 《地理学报(英文版)》1991,(2)

Regression between two blocks(usually called‘dependent’or Y and‘independent’or X)of data is a veryimportant scientific and data-analytical tool.Regression on multivariate images is possible and constitutesa meaningful addition to existing univariate and multivariate techniques of image analysis.The regressioncan be used as a modeling tool or for prediction.The form of the regression equation chosen is dependentupon problem specification and information at hand.This paper describes the use of principal componentregression(PCR).Both model building and prediction are presented for continuous Y-variables.The finalgoal is to supply new image material that can be used for visual inspection on a screen.Also,visual toolsfor diagnosis of model and prediction are provided,often based on derived image material.Examplesof modeling and prediction are given for six channels in a seven-channel satellite image  相似文献