大河流域综合发展的比较研究:以长江和罗讷河为例     

刘慧  蔡宗夏  Thierry Sanjuan 《地理学报(英文版)》2006,16(3):378-382

1 Research background The globalization in process challenges our traditional way of looking at territories. New regional entities are emerging at sub-continental level as it is the case in Western and Central Europe through the growing assertion of Europ…  相似文献   

The current status of deep SCUBA surveys     

Ian Smail  Rob Ivison  Andrew Blain  Jean-Paul Kneib 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1999,266(1-2):279-284

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Determination of the gravimetric factor at the Chandler period from Earth orientation data and superconducting gravimetry observations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sylvain Loyer  Jacques Hinderer  & Jean-Paul Boy 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,136(1):1-7

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Geology and biostratigraphy of the Jurassic and lower cretaceous series to the north of the Lhasa Block (Tibet,China)     

Jean Marcoux  Jacques Girardeau  Eric Fourcade  Jean-Paul Bassoullet  Jean Philip  Michel Jaffrezo 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(4-5):313-325

Abstract

— The Lhasa Block (s.l.) is bounded to the South by the Tertiary Yarlung Zangbo suture zone and to the North by the terminal Jurassic/earliest Cretaceous Bangong Nu Jiang suture zone. Several tectonostratigraphic units have been recognized in the central-northern part of the Lhasa Block. These are from bottom to top : 1) a thick turbiditic series with a few lenses of allodapic limestones which have yielded an Aalenian — Bajocian foraminiferal assemblage. This series is tectonieally overlain by the Donqiao ophiolite; 2) the continental to shallow marine late Malm to lowermost Cretaceous Zigetang Formation which disconformably overlies the Donqiao ophiolite and 3) continental red detrital rocks or marine Early/Late Aptian boundary to Early Albian foraminifera-rich bedded limestones in which some volcanic rocks are locally interbedded.

We discuss the palaeogeographical distribution and biostratigraphical meaning of some foraminifera (Gutnicella cayeuxi (LUCAS), Palorbitolina fen<ícu/o?(Bl .LMKNBACIl), Praeorbitolina cormyi SCHROEDER and Palor-bilolmoides hedini CHREREHI and ScilKOKDK.lt) and their bearing on the radiometric age of the Aptian-Albian boundary.  相似文献   

Multimodal accessibility modeling from coarse transportation networks in Africa     

Jean-Paul Kibambe Lubamba  Julien Radoux  Pierre Defourny 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):1005-1022

Accessibility is a key driving factor for economic development, social welfare, resources management, and land use planning. In many studies, modeling accessibility relies on proxy variables such as estimated travel time to selected destinations. In developing countries, estimating the travel time is hindered by scarce information about the transportation network, making it necessary to take into account off-network travel coupled with considerations of multimodal options available within the existing network. This research proposes such a hybrid approach that computes the travel time to selected destinations by optimizing together a fully modeled multimodal network and off-network travel. The model was applied in a region around Kisangani located in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Travel times to Kisangani from the hybrid approach were found to be in close agreement with field-based information (R ² = 0.98). The developed approach also proved to better support real-world transportation constraints (such as transfer points between travel modes or barriers) than cost-distance-based travel-time modeling. Demonstration results from the hybrid approach highlight the potential for impact assessment of road construction or rehabilitation, development of secondary towns or markets, and for land use planning in general.  相似文献   

Warm brine lakes in craters of active mud volcanoes,Menes caldera off NW Egypt: evidence for deep-rooted thermogenic processes     

Stéphanie Dupré  Jean Mascle  Jean-Paul Foucher  François Harmegnies  John Woodside  Catherine Pierre 《Geo-Marine Letters》2014,34(2-3):153-168

The Menes caldera is a fault-controlled depression (~8 km in diameter) at ~3,000 m water depth in the western province of the Nile deep-sea fan off NW Egypt, comprising seven mud volcanoes (MVs) of which two are active. Based on multichannel and chirp seismic data, temperature profiles, and high-resolution bathymetric data collected during the 2000 Fanil, 2004 Mimes and 2007 Medeco2 expeditions, the present study investigates factors controlling MV morphology, the geometry of feeder channels, and the origin of emitted fluids. The active Cheops and Chephren MVs are 1,500 m wide with subcircular craters at their summits, about 250 m in diameter, generally a few tens of metres deep, and filled with methane-rich muddy brines with temperatures reaching 42 °C and 57 °C respectively. Deployments of CTDs and corers with attached temperature sensors tracked these warm temperatures down to almost 0.5 km depth below the brine lake surface at the Cheops MV, in a feeder channel probably only a few tens of metres wide. Thermogenic processes involve the dissolution of Messinian evaporites by warm fluids likely sourced even deeper, i.e. 1.7 and 2.6 km below the seabed at the Cheops and Chephren MVs respectively, and which ascend along listric faults. Seepage activity appears broadly persistent since the initiation of mud volcanism in the Early Pliocene, possibly accompanied by lateral migration of feeder channels.  相似文献   

A Hubble Space Telescope lensing survey of X-ray luminous galaxy clusters – IV. Mass, structure and thermodynamics of cluster cores at z= 0.2     

Graham P. Smith  Jean-Paul Kneib  Ian Smail  Pasquale Mazzotta  Harald Ebeling  Oliver Czoske 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,359(2):417-446

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Herschel SPIRE FTS relative spectral response calibration     

Trevor Fulton  Rosalind Hopwood  Jean-Paul Baluteau  Dominique Benielli  Peter Imhof  Tanya Lim  Nanyao Lu  Nicola Marchili  David Naylor  Edward Polehampton  Bruce Swinyard  Ivan Valtchanov 《Experimental Astronomy》2014,37(2):381-395

Herschel/SPIRE Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) observations contain emission from both the Herschel Telescope and the SPIRE Instrument itself, both of which are typically orders of magnitude greater than the emission from the astronomical source, and must be removed in order to recover the source spectrum. The effects of the Herschel Telescope and the SPIRE Instrument are removed during data reduction using relative spectral response calibration curves and emission models. We present the evolution of the methods used to derive the relative spectral response calibration curves for the SPIRE FTS. The relationship between the calibration curves and the ultimate sensitivity of calibrated SPIRE FTS data is discussed and the results from the derivation methods are compared. These comparisons show that the latest derivation methods result in calibration curves that impart a factor of between 2 and 100 less noise to the overall error budget, which results in calibrated spectra for individual observations whose noise is reduced by a factor of 2–3, with a gain in the overall spectral sensitivity of 23 % and 21 % for the two detector bands, respectively.  相似文献   

Oxygen 1.27-μm emission from the atmosphere of Venus     

Jean-Paul Parisot  Guy Moreels 《Icarus》1980,42(1):46-53

The emission of O₂ in the ${}^1\text{Δg}$ band at 1.27 μm originating from the upper atmosphere of Venus is computed. Seven different production mechanisms are compared. The adopted value for the quenching rate coefficient is 3 × 10^?20 cm³ sec^?. The results are compared with the measurements by Connes and it is shown that the values of the ozone profile calculated by N. D. Sze and M. B. McElroy (1975, Planet. Space Sci.23, 763–786) are too low to explain the emission at 1.27 μm on the basis of the ozone photolysis. In this case, the ozone quantity would be underestimated by a factor of at least 10. The scarcity of kinetic data relative to the other processes, which involve ClO for example, does not allow a reliable identification of the main process responsible for the emission.  相似文献   

Swiss and Alpine geologists between two tectonic revolutions. Part 1: from the discovery of nappes to the hypothesis of continental drift     

Jean-Paul Schaer 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2010,103(3):503-522

At the advent of the twentieth century, geologists believed that folded continental mountain chains like the Alps were due to horizontal compression, resulting from contractions of the Earth’s crust as it cooled. In 1918, Albert Heim defended this point of view and illustrated it with a geological section across Switzerland. In 1915, however, and in short notes as early as 1912, Alfred Wegener in Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane (The Origin of Continents and Oceans) proposed that mountains were the result of collisions between light continents drifting and floating on denser formations of the Earth’s interior, also present at the bottom of the oceans. Before this (1906), Otto Ampferer had already proposed the association of folds with active movements of material inside the Earth. Wegener used numerous morphological, geological, and gravimetric data to justify his theory. He was innovative in his successful use of paleogeographic and paleoclimatologic reconstitutions. Although very popular, his theory only received reserved approval from the active scientific community. Alpine geologists found it too audacious and too far removed from the field data. In the first critical analysis written in French (1922), Elie Gagnebin welcomed it as a working hypothesis, but was very reserved regarding the arguments of a geophysicist who, in his opinion, was not sufficiently versed in structural geology. In contrast, Emile Argand integrated Wegener’s theory into his conception of the evolution of the Alps already in 1916. At that time, he judged the Alpine orogeny to have been the result of permanent compression and proposed that its whole history had been dominated by what he called embryonic tectonics, a compressional concept which he illustrated so admirably that it had an incomparable and lasting success. However, he himself abandoned it in his major work, La Tectonique de l’Asie (The Tectonics of Asia), in favour of an evolution that first originated in an extension regime, finally leading to the splitting of the continental crust, with local emergence of basic rocks, constituting the bottom of new oceanic floors. It is at the slope of these continental margins, and at their foot, that geosynclines are formed by the large accumulation of sediments transported by submarine slumping. During the following compressive stage, slices of basic ocean floor are transported upwards between overlapping continental masses, forming extensive ophiolitic zones. Although admired for his enormous accomplishment, La Tectonique de l’Asie remained ignored for its most innovative propositions, which clearly foreshadow plate tectonics. After this work, Argand practically abandoned geology. His last publication (1934), Guide géologique de la Suisse: la zone pennique (Geological Guide to Switzerland: the Pennine Zone), revived his argument of the early evolution of the geosyncline in a context of extension, followed by thrusts involving the ocean floor. Unfortunately, the concept had no greater success than at its first appearance.  相似文献