毛乌素沙地绿洲化过程中生态服务价值及生态网络格局演变     

乔碩  王海兵  左合君  刘茜雅  吴月茹 《中国沙漠》2022,42(3):118-126

揭示沙地生态系统服务价值及其稳定性网络格局的动态演变规律,对沙地分区治理及农、林、牧产业结构调整具有重要意义。以1986年以来土地利用变化数据为基础,统计分析毛乌素沙地生态系统服务价值（ESV）时空分异规律,以生态服务价值最大化为目标和策略,利用最小累积阻力模型（MCR）,探讨了毛乌素沙地生态网络格局演变规律。结果表明：（1）1986—2020年,随着毛乌素沙地绿洲化过程的推进,林地取代沙地成为毛乌素沙地的主导地类,2020年林草覆盖率达71.38%。（2）1986—2020年,毛乌素沙地生态服务价值整体上升了198.76亿元,1986—2006、2006—2020年沙地生态服务价值增长速率分别为每年2.51亿元和10.62亿元;从空间上来看极高生态服务价值区集中分布在河南乡和毛盖图苏木,至2016年以来逐渐扩展到苏米图苏木、嘎鲁图镇等区域。（3）生态网络格局呈明显的双区分异,即生态网络稀疏的西北区,以沙地复垦地、流动沙丘和半流动沙丘为主;以及生态网络稠密的东南区,以林草覆盖率较高的固定沙地和河流、湖泊水资源丰富地区为主,且随生态服务价值高值点迁移,稳定性网络结构逐年向东北方向偏移。  相似文献   

"固转液"技术应用及其对资源和环境的影响分析     

王罗海  王石军  刘万平  王凡  左金星  金青明 《化工矿产地质》2020,42(4):378-381

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星内粒子探测器观测结果与辐射带模型的比较   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

邹鸿  陈鸿飞  邹积清  施伟红  肖佐  郝永强  吴中祥  向宏文  朱文明 《地球物理学报》2007,50(3):678-683

我们将资源一号卫星星内粒子探测器的观测数据与辐射带模式AE8/AP8的预测结果进行了对比,发现在南大西洋异常区的高能电子和质子的通量与辐射带模型的预测结果基本相同,而在两极极光带的电子通量比AE8模型预测的低得多.根据NOAA卫星的观测结果,可以认为这一差异主要是因为在南大西洋异常区（内辐射带）和两极极光带（外辐射带）的粒子投掷角分布的差异造成的.在南大西洋异常区粒子倾向于各向同性分布,而在极光带粒子各向异性明显,投掷角接近90°的粒子通量比0°投掷角附近的粒子通量大得多.  相似文献   

Transmittance investigation on capacitive mesh on thick dielectric substrates as output windows for optically pumped terahertz lasers     

祁春超  左都罗  卢彦兆  唐建  程祖海 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(11)

This paper reports that an output window for optically pumped terahertz (THz) laser has been fabricated by depositing a capacitive nickel-mesh on a thick high-resistivity silicon substrate (approximating to 5 mm thick). Unlike the conventional process of depositing a gold film approximating to 100 nm on negative photoresist using electron-beam evaporation, a nickel film approximating to 1.5 μm thick is directly deposited on the clean surface of dielectric substrate using magnetron sputtering and then a positive photoresist is spun onto the nickel metal surface at 6000 r for 60 s. A transmittance spectrum of the output window in a certain frequency range (say, from zero to 1 THz) has been obtained by using THz time domain spectroscopy. Moreover a transmittance spectrum simulated numerically has also been estimated with respect to the output window using the transmission-line model (TLM) containing attenuation component from dielectric substrate. The simulation results show that the TLM can explain well the experimental curve in a certain frequency range from zero to 1 THz. Thus it is demonstrated that the improved optical component can be efficiently used as both output coupler and output window for optically pumped THz lasers.  相似文献   

科尔沁沙地沙质草地与固定沙丘植物群落结构对极端干旱的响应   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

孙一梅  田青  吕朋  郭爱霞  李平平  朱丽琴  左小安 《中国沙漠》2021,41(1):129-136

为了探究沙地植物群落结构特征对极端干旱的响应,通过野外模拟试验开展了极端干旱(生长季减雨60％与干旱60 d)对沙质草地和固定沙丘植物群落丰富度、地上生物量和叶性状等群落结构特征影响的研究.结果表明:(1)生境变化对植物群落地上生物量和叶干物质含量(LDMC)具有显著影响(P＜0.05),草地地上生物量和LDMC显著高...  相似文献   

Fractal characterization of the spatial distribution of geological point processes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Renguang Zuo  Frederik P. Agterberg  Qiuming Cheng  Lingqing Yao 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009

Geological point processes can be used to model point patterns occurring frequently in a wide variety of geoscience fields, including the study of mineral deposits, oil producing wells, earthquakes, and landslides. Characterization of the spatial distribution of GPP has implications for understanding the properties of the underlying geological processes and events. Three examples of GPP dealing with (1) metallic mineral deposits, (2) oil producing wells, and (3) aftershocks of the Wenchuan earthquake (on 12 May 2008, magnitude 8.0) are presented to illustrate that (1) the spatial distribution of geological point processes generally shows clustering implying rejection of the Poisson model because L(r) > L_Pois(r); (2) the clustering statistics of the underlying geological processes are fractal; and (3) the size distribution of geological point processes is scale invariant. These results indicate existence of a fundamental law concerning the fractal nature of the point distributions generated by geological point processes.  相似文献   

Meso-mechanism of rolling dynamic compaction to reinforce loose landslide dam materialEI北大核心     

李文炜  占鑫杰  王保田  朱群峰  许小龙  左晋宇  王家辉 《岩土力学》2023,(8):2297-2307

为系统研究冲击碾压过程中松散堰塞坝料的细观密实机制,基于自行设计的可视化冲击碾压模型装置及粒子图像测速技术,研究了不同冲击碾压参数对堰塞坝料地基的表面变形、内部变形及颗粒位移规律的影响。试验结果表明,冲击碾压加固过程是冲击和碾压两者共同作用,由于水平冲击作用,冲击点下方地基的变形具有非对称性。“高速轻轮”的施工参数会强化冲击效果,弱化碾压效果,造成地基表面平整性差。堰塞坝料冲击轮加固过程中的最大位移发生在三边形冲击轮圆弧面较平滑处与土体接触时,随后由于模型冲击轮重心上升,地基出现部分弹性回弹。提高冲击轮的牵引速度能够促进冲击能量向深层传递,但水平影响宽度有限;提高冲击轮的质量则能促进能量向两侧水平方向传递,但影响深度有限。对于模型试验的易贡堰塞坝料地基,冲击碾压最佳牵引速度约为0.75 m/s。结果可为堰塞坝料地基的冲击碾压浅层加固提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Graph distance and feature-guided multi-view clustering: A novel method for clustering urban buildings     

Lin Yang  Ruolin Yang  Zejun Zuo  Mei-Po Kwan  Shunping Zhou 《Transactions in GIS》2023,27(8):2127-2158

Urban buildings are an integral component of urban space, and accurately identifying their spatial configurations and grouping them is vital for various urban applications. However, most existing building clustering methods only utilize the original spatial and nonspatial features of buildings, disregarding the potential value of complementary information from multiple perspectives. This limitation hinders their effectiveness in scenarios with intricate spatial configurations. To address this, this article proposes a novel multi-view building clustering method that captures cross-view information from spatial and nonspatial features. Drawing inspiration from both spatial proximity characteristics and nonspatial attributes, three views are established, including two spatial distance graphs (centroid distance graph and the nearest outlier distance graph) and a building attribute graph (multiple-attribute graph). The three graphs undergo iterative cross-diffusion processes to amplify similarities within each predefined graph view, culminating in their fusion into a unified graph. This fusion facilitates the comprehensive correlation and mutual enhancement of spatial and nonspatial information. Experiments were conducted using 10 real-world community-building datasets from Wuhan and Chengdu, China. The results demonstrate that our approach achieves 21.27% higher accuracy and 22.28% higher adjusted rand index in recognizing diverse complex arrangements compared to existing methods. These findings highlight the importance of leveraging complementary and consensus information across different feature dimensions for improving the performance of building clustering.  相似文献