Nant-y-moch grassland improvement study,A. M. Roberts,J. A. Hudson and G. Roberts,Institute of Hydrology,Report No. 104, 1990. No. of pages: 85. Price: £7.00. ISBN 0-948540-16-8     

Keith Richards 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1992,17(6):635-635

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Strontium and oxygen isotope profiles across marble-silicate contacts,Lizzies Basin,East Humboldt Range,Nevada: constraints on metamorphic permeability contrasts and fluid flow     

M. J. Bickle  H. J. Chapman  S. M. Wickham  M. T. Peters 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1995,121(4):400-413

 Sr isotope profiles across marble-silicate rock contacts are used in conjunction with previously published oxygen isotope profiles to constrain fluid movement, porosity and permeability contrasts in migmatitic rocks from Lizzies Basin in the East Humboldt Range, Nevada. The ¹⁸O/¹⁶O systematics in the high-grade sequence have been interpreted to reflect infiltration of ∼2×10² m³/m² of a relatively low ¹⁸O hydrous fluid through the sequence, but with preservation of δ¹⁸O anomalies in thin marble bands due to a 30-fold lower porosity in the marble compared with silicate rocks (Wickham and Peters 1992). The Sr isotope profiles confirm that tracer exchange between marble and silicate rock was primarily by diffusion, and in one case, indicate that porosities differed by less than a factor of four in the ∼10 cm boundary layer which exhibits diffusive modification of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios. This contrasts with modelling of the oxygen isotope profiles which imply porosity contrasts >10 for one marble band and >50 for a second marble band. Either strontium and oxygen isotope diffusion reflect different events (possible if fluid Sr contents varied with time) or porosity varied substantially with the silicate rocks. Oxygen isotope profiles in the deeper part of the metamorphic section in which δ¹⁸O values of silicate rocks have been homogenised and lowered, indicate similar diffusion distances (and thus porosity-time evolution) to oxygen isotopic profiles higher in the section. Comparison of strontium and oxygen isotope diffusion distances constrains fluid Sr contents to between ∼50 and ∼500 ppm deep in the section, but less than ∼10 ppm higher in the section. The difference is related to release of relatively saline, Sr-rich fluids, by the abundant leucogranites and associated skarns deep in the section (cf. Peters and Wickham 1995). Received: 9 December 1994/Accepted: 13 April 1995  相似文献   

Observations on the biota of an estuarine beach at Hardys Bay (NSW, Australia) following a spillage of aldrin     

P.R. Scanes  R.A. Mann  T.M. Manning  J.C. Chapman 《Marine pollution bulletin》1993,26(12):687-691

An industrial accident resulted in a spillage of aldrin onto an estuarine beach at Hardys Bay, New South Wales. Samples of water and sediment were taken 3 weeks later to measure the level of contamination resulting from the spill. The abundances of some intertidal biota were also determined at the site of the spillage and in other uncontaminated areas.

Three weeks after the spill, samples of water were not contaminated by aldrin but samples of sediment from the surface in the vicinity of the drain contained aldrin. In comparison to uncontaminated locations the abundances of crustacea were greatly reduced in the vicinity of the drain but abundances of polychaetes were not significantly different. The field data on the relative susceptibility of the two groups of animals agrees well with laboratory derived LC50 data for crustacea and polychaetes.

The study suggests that degree of contamination of water and sediment may not always be an accurate reflection of acute impact on biota, and that different components of the biota can show different reactions to the presence of a toxic chemical.  相似文献   

Lunar tidal componentsN 1 andO 2 in the atmospheric pressure     

S. R. C. Malin  S. Chapman 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1970,80(1):309-318

Summary The lunar tidal componentsO ₁(p) andN ₂(p) in the barometric pressure are determined for several observatories for which long series of data are available in machine readable form. AlsoN ₂(p) results are derived from some earlier analyses. The results are compared with those predicted by equilibrium tidal theory.This paper was presented at the General Scientific Assembly of I.A.G.A., held in Madrid in September 1969.  相似文献   

THE FOREMAN STORY–CLOSURE OF IDAHO FLOWING WELL AFFECTS GROUND WATER IN ENTIRE AREA     

Sherl L. Chapman 《Ground water》1972,10(4):49-51

Abstract In 1962, a 2,980-foot deep well was drilled for D. I. Foreman in Middle Castle Creek Valley, Owyhee County, Idaho. This well, which flowed approximately 3,600 gpm, yielded water of 170°F from basalt and silicic volcanic formations; original shut-in pressure was 105 psi. However, leakage began to occur around the casing, and in 1967, a suit was filed on behalf of the Idaho Department of Water Administration to have the well repaired.
The Andrew Well Drilling Company, of Idaho Falls, was hired to repair the well, and was on the site in November 1968. Additional casing, packers, and pressure grouting sealed the well adequately. The effect of closure of the foreman well on ground water of the entire area was dramatic. As an example, within 8 hours of closure, water in an observation well 5.7 miles away, rose more than a tenth of a foot. Net increase in this observation well since closure has been 26 feet.  相似文献   

Procedures in sedimentary petrology: E. Carver (Editor). Wiley,New York,N.Y., 1971, 653 pp., £ 11.75.     

Keith A.W. Crook 《Sedimentary Geology》1972

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The solar and lunar daily geomagnetic variation of declination at Trevandrum, 1853–1869     

Sydney Chapman  Jagdish Chandra Gupta 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1971,87(1):93-101

Summary The eye readings of easterly declination at Trevandrum observatory have been analysed to determine solar and lunar daily vatiations. Hourly readings during February 1853 to February 1865 are analysed by Chapman-Miller method. The 8 values read at unequidistant day-time hours during March 1865 to December 1869 are analysed to compute the amplitude and phase of the semimonthly wave at each of the hours separately. The semi-monthly lunar wave obtained from the hourly readings shows a considerable night-time variation. A brief discussion of the results is also given.Contributions from the Earth Physics Branch, No. 323  相似文献   

Proceedings of the third conference on origins of life-planetary astronomy: edited by Lynn Margulis. Springer-Verlag,New York (1973) 268 pp. $14–80     

Keith A Kvenvolden 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1973,37(12):2707-2708

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Reply to Discussion of “Perceptual models of uncertainty for socio-hydrological systems: a flood risk change example”*     

Ida K. Westerberg  Giuliano Di Baldassarre  Keith J. Beven  Gemma Coxon  Tobias Krueger 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(Z2):2001-2003

ABSTRACT

Ertsen discusses the representation of reality and uncertainty in our paper, raising three critical points. In response to the first, we agree that discussion of different interpretations of the concept of uncertainty is important when developing perceptual models – making different uncertainty interpretations explicit was a key motivation behind our method. Secondly, we do not, as Ertsen suggests, deny anyone who is not a “certified” scientist to have relevant knowledge. The elicitation of diverse views by discussing perceptual models is a basis for open discussion and decision making. Thirdly, Ertsen suggests that it is not useful to treat socio-hydrological systems as if they exist. We argue that we act as “pragmatic realists” in most practical applications by treating socio-hydrological systems as an external reality that can be known. But the uncertainty that arises from our knowledge limitations needs to be recognized, as it may impact on practical decision making and associated costs.  相似文献   

Marine policy and disarmament     

Keith D. Suter 《Marine Policy》1983,7(3):213-215

Disarmament has again become a major public concern in many nations. The main manifestations of this development have been demonstrations and marches and mass media attention to the possible consequences of a nuclear war. Less publicized has been governmental work, including that at the United Nations, in negotiating disarmament treaties.  相似文献