Present Observational Status of High Mass Pulsating Stars     

Peter De Cat 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,284(1):37-44

In this short review we present the current observationalstatus of high mass pulsating stars.We give an overview of the results of the first asteroseismicstudies performed for some of the best known Cepheiand slowly pulsating B stars and discuss the asteroseismicpotential of these pulsators for future ground-and space-based data-sets.  相似文献   

An Improved Method of Photometric Mode Identification: Applications to Slowly Pulsating B, β Cephei, δ Scuti and γ Doradus Stars     

M.-A. Dupret  R. Scuflaire  A. Noels  A. Thoul  R. Garrido  A. Moya  J. De Ridder  P. De Cat  C. Aerts 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,284(1):129-132

We present an improved version of the method of photometric mode identification based upon the inclusion of non-adiabatic eigenfunctions determined in the stellar atmosphere, according to the formalism recently proposed by Dupret et al. (2002).We apply our method to Cephei, Slowly Pulsating B, Scuti and Doradus stars. Besides identifying the degree of the pulsatingstars, our method is also a tool for improving the knowledge of stellar interiors and atmospheres, by imposing constraints on the metallicity for Cephei and SPBs, the characteristics of the superficial convection zone for Scuti and Doradus starsand the limb-darkening law.  相似文献   

Statistical Revision of the Moment Method     

Joris De Ridder  Geert Molenberghs  Conny Aerts 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,284(1):125-128

The moment method is a well known technique, which uses a time series ofthe first 3 moments of a spectral line, to estimate the (discrete) modeparameters and m. The method, contrary to Doppler imaging,also yields other interesting(real-valued) parameters such as the inclination angle i, or v sin i,during its identification procedure.In this paper, we are not only interested in the estimation of thesereal-valued parameters themselves but also inreliable estimates for their uncertainty.We designed a statistical formalism for the moment method based on theso-called generalized estimating equations (GEE). This formalismaims to estimate the uncertainty of the real-valued parameters taking intoaccount that the different moments of a line profile are correlated and –more importantly – that the uncertainty of the observed moments depends onthe pulsation parameters. The latter property of the moment method makesthe least-squares technique a poor choice to estimate the uncertainty ofthe real-valued parameters. We implemented the GEE method and presentan application to a high-resolution spectroscopic dataset of the slowly pulsating B star HD181558.  相似文献   

Effects on the Ionosphere Due to Phenomena Occurring Below it   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

E. Kazimirovsky  M. Herraiz  B. A. De La Morena 《Surveys in Geophysics》2003,24(2):139-184

The terrestrial thermosphere and ionosphere form the most variable part of theEarth's atmosphere. Because our society depends on technological systems thatcan be affected by thermospheric and ionospheric phenomena, understanding,monitoring and ultimately forecasting the changes of the thermosphere–ionosphere system are of crucial importance to communications, navigation and the exploration of near-Earth space. The reason for the extreme variability of the thermosphere–ionosphere system isits rapid response to external forcing from various sources, i.e., thesolar ionizing flux, energetic charged particles and electric fields imposed via the interaction between the solar wind, magnetosphere and ionosphere, as well as coupling from below (meteorological influences) by the upward propagating, broad spectrum,internal atmospheric waves (planetary waves, tides, gravity waves) generated in thestratosphere and troposphere. Thunderstorms, typhoons, hurricanes, tornadoes andeven seismological events may also have observable consequences in the ionosphere.The release of trace gases due to human activity have the potential to cause changes inthe lower and the upper atmosphere.A brief overview is presented concerning the discoveries and experimentalresults that have confirmed that the ionosphere is subject to meteorologicalcontrol (especially for geomagnetic quiet conditions and for middle latitudes).D-region aeronomy, the winter anomaly of radiowave absorption, wave-liketravelling ionospheric disturbances, the non-zonality and regional peculiaritiesof lower thermospheric winds, sporadic-E occurrence and structure, spread-Fevents, the variability of ionospheric electron density profiles and Total ElectronContent, the variability of foF2, etc., should all be considered in connection withtropospheric and stratospheric processes. Ionospheric weather, as a part of spaceweather, (i.e., hour-to-hour and day-to-day variability of the ionospheric parameters)awaits explanation and prediction within the framework of the climatological, seasonal,and solar-cycle variations.  相似文献   

Covariance functions and models for complex-valued random fields   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

S.?De IacoEmail author  M.?Palma  D.?Posa 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2003,17(3):145-156

In Geostatistics, primary interest often lies in the study of the spatial, or spatial-temporal, correlation of real-valued random fields, anyway complex-valued random field theory is surely a natural extension of the real domain. In such a case, it is useful to consider complex covariance functions which are composed of an even real part and an odd imaginary part. Generating complex covariance functions is not simple at all, but the procedure, developed in this paper, allows generating permissible covariance functions for complex-valued random fields in a straightforward way. In particular, by recalling the spectral representation of the covariance and translating the spectral density function by using a shifting factor, complex covariances are obtained. Some general aspects and properties of complex-valued random fields and their moments are pointed out and some examples are given.  相似文献   

重庆雾的天气成因   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3  

刘德 周国兵向波  李永华李梗 《气象科技》2004,32(6):461-466

在对重庆雾进行天气学分类基础上，利用合成方法分析了几次典型辐射雾和雨雾的环流形势、流场特征以及雾的垂直环流结构，揭示出两类雾的形成原因。分析表明，辐射雾产生在经向环流背景下，中亚地区高压脊为主要影响系统；经向垂直剖面表现为青藏高原东侧的对流层中层有一发展完好的顺时针旋转的垂直经向环流，其前部的下沉气流顺着地形坡地下滑时在四川盆地强迫出一个逆时针旋转的垂直环流，使重庆附近低层的下沉气流得到加强；夜间辐射降温明显，并有贴地逆温存在，大气层结较稳定。雨雾发生在亚洲地区经向环流相对较弱的背景下，青藏高原低压槽和地面冷锋为主要影响系统；垂直环流结构表现为高空低压槽发展东移时在四川盆地诱生一逆时针旋转的垂直环流，其东侧的上升支正好与地面弱冷空气入侵四川盆地时形成的顺时针旋转的垂直环流的上升支相耦合，使重庆附近上升气流加强，地面附近暖湿气流较活跃，明显增湿过程对雨雾形成起到重要作用。  相似文献   

Diesel oil and PCB-degrading psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from Antarctic seawaters (Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Maria De  Domenico  Angelina Lo Giudice  Luigi Michaud  Marcello Saitta  Vivia Bruni 《Polar research》2004,23(2):141-146

Fifty-seven Antarctic marine bacteria were examined for their ability to degrade commercial diesel oil as the sole organic substrate at both 4 °C and 20 °C. Based on the preliminary screening, two isolates (B11 and B15) with high capacity to degrade diesel oil were selected and their biodegradation efficiency was quantified by gas chromatographic analysis. As expected for psychrotrophs, diesel oil biodegradation was slower at 4 °C than at 20 °C. The two strains also mineralized the C₂₈ n-paraffin octacosane at 20 °C and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at 4 °C and 20 °C.  相似文献   

Earthquake behavior of structures with copper energy dissipators     

Juan C. De la Llera  Carlos Esguerra  Jos L. Almazn 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(3):329-358

The earthquake behavior of structures with supplemental copper dampers is evaluated in this study. The investigation is divided into two parts: (i) an experimental work with seven pairs of hourglass copper dampers of different aspect ratios and side profiles; and (ii) a parametric study of 6‐, 12‐, and 25‐story planar structures with elastic as well as inelastic behavior in the primary structure and copper dampers. The copper used in this study is electrolytic tough pitch (ETP) copper C11000; probably the most commonly used of all coppers; ductile, with a low‐yield, and highly resistant to corrosion. Experimental results demonstrate that all copper plates reached stable angular distortions of the order of γ=25%, which implies transverse distortions in the devices larger than 40mm. The behavior of the devices is highly dependent on the aspect ratio of the plate, h/t, and a recommendation is made to use plates in the range 11 h/t≤18. Plates beyond this range exhibit either large stress and strain concentrations in the neck of the device or a strong influence of axial deformations in their cyclic behavior. The inelastic earthquake response of structures with such devices shows that drift reduction factors of the order of 30 to 40% can be achieved with reasonably economic designs. It is also shown that the efficiency of these devices depends on the soil conditions and flexibility of the primary structure. Finally, it is concluded that supplemental copper dampers are a good alternative for drift reduction in a wide range of structural layouts, ranging from coupled shear‐wall systems to moment‐resisting frames, and for impulsive as well as non‐impulsive ground motions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Analysis,testing, and implementation of seismic isolation of buildings in Chile     

Juan C. De la Llera  Carl Lüders  Patricio Leigh  Henry Sady 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(5):543-574

  相似文献   

U and Th concentrations and isotope ratios in modern carbonates and waters from the Bahamas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Laura F Robinson  Nick S Belshaw 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2004,68(8):1777-1789

The short residence times of Th and Pa in seawater make them very responsive to changes in the ocean environment. We use a new multi-ion-counting technique to make Th and Pa isotope measurements in seawaters from a near-shore environment in which oceanic chemical tracers are not overwhelmed by terrestrial inputs (the Bahamas). An unusual feature of the Bahamas setting is the shallow depth of water residing on the bank tops. These waters have significantly lower ²³²Th/²³⁰Th (∼10,000) than those immediately adjacent to the banks (24,000-31,000) and a (²³¹Pa/²³⁰Th) near the production ratio (∼0.1). The change in ²³²Th/²³⁰Th and (²³¹Pa/²³⁰Th) on the bank tops is explained by almost quantitative removal of Th and Pa by scavenging, and their replacement with a mixture of ²³⁰Th and ²³¹Pa alpha-recoiled from the underlying carbonates, together with Th from dust dissolution. Analysis of a water profile in the Tongue of the Ocean, which separates the Great and Little Bahama Banks, allows us to trace the movement of bank-top water to depth. A distinct minimum in both ²³²Th/²³⁰Th (∼13,000) and (²³¹Pa/²³⁰Th) (∼0.5) is observed at ∼430 m and is interpreted to reflect density cascading of bank-top water with entrained carbonate sediment. These results suggest that Th and Pa can be used as water-mass tracers in near-shore environments. Uranium concentration measurements on the same waters demonstrate that U is conservative across a range in salinity of 2 psu, with a concentration of 3.33 ppb (at a salinity of 35).The incorporation of U and Th isotopes into marine carbonates has also been assessed by analyzing carbonate samples from the same location as these Bahamas waters. Such incorporation is critical for U-Th geochronology. U isotope analyses demonstrate that seawater δ²³⁴U averages 146.6 and does not vary by more than 2.5%o, and that carbonates capture this value. Additional high precision measurements (≈±1%o) on modern carbonates confirm that all oceans have identical δ²³⁴U. Modern marine carbonates are shown to have ²³²Th/²³⁰Th ratios that reflect the local seawater in which they formed.  相似文献