内蒙狼山-渣尔泰山中元古代拉张型过渡壳的形成、形变及成矿          下载免费PDF全文

牛树银  孙爱群  许传诗 《地质找矿论丛》1993,8(1):28-39

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干旱区盐风化过程的初步研究     

徐叔鹰 《干旱区地理》1993,(2)

盐风化是干旱区一种重要的岩石风化过程。本文初步研究了盐风化作用的性质、机制和强度及其在地貌塑造和生产实践上的意义。盐风化包括盐结晶风化作用和盐水化风化作用两种类型。盐风化的强度在很大程度上取决于盐类矿物性质和气候条件。高温和干旱相结合的气候最有利于盐风化过程。通过对未风化岩石和风化岩石的对比,证明盐风化发展的速率很高。Tafoni是盐风化发展阶段的一种重要标志。  相似文献   

云南临沧地区帮卖盆地含铀煤中锗矿的研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

张淑苓  王淑英  尹金双 《铀矿地质》1987,(5)

帮卖盆地是一个不对称山间向斜盆地,其基底为海西·燕山期(γ~3_4-γ~2_5)花岗岩体。盖层为新第三纪的含煤碎屑岩。锗矿体大部分存在于N_1~2煤层中。含铀煤主要为变质程度低的褐煤,属于半暗-半亮煤、暗亮煤及亮暗煤。锗在煤中的存在形式:1.主要为腐植酸锗络合物及锗的有机化合物;2.一部分呈吸附状态;3.极少数呈类质同象。  相似文献   

Evaluation of ostracod-based palaeoenvironmental reconstruction with instrumental data from the arid Faiyum Depression,Egypt     

K. W. Keatings  I. Hawkes  J. A. Holmes  R. J. Flower  M. J. Leng  R. H. Abu-Zied  A. R. Lord 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2007,38(2):261-283

The utility of ostracod-based palaeoenvironmental reconstruction was evaluated using instrumental data for Lake Qarun, Egypt. The euryhaline ostracod Cyprideis torosa was the only species found in the lake’s recent sediment record. This species is known to tolerate salinity levels and water solute compositions that may prevent colonisation by other species. Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of ostracod carbonate from lake sediments covary with changes in instrumental values for lake level and salinity for the period 1890–1974. δ¹³C-values correlate negatively with lake water salinity (r ² = 0.87) and δ¹⁸O-values correlate negatively with measured lake level changes (r ² = 0.41). Other ostracod proxy data provide qualitative information on lake level trends. Fossil assemblage data (juvenile/adult and valve/carapace ratios and valve preservation) provide information on wave energy. Ecophenotypic variation of C. torosa valves provided some useful palaeolimnological information. Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in ostracods were not found to reflect water composition, due to the uncoupling of these ratios with salinity in Lake Qarun. Overall, our results highlight the need to calibrate ostracod proxy data in modern systems prior to their use for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.  相似文献   

The effects of organic removal treatment on the integrity of δ<Superscript>18</Superscript>O measurements from biogenic silica     

Jonathan J. Tyler  Melanie J. Leng  Hilary J. Sloane 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2007,37(4):491-497

Prior to oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic silica by fluorination techniques, sediments must be cleaned of all organic compounds. Despite the expanding volume of research utilising oxygen isotope ratios in biogenic silica in palaeoclimatology, very little is known about the effects of different standard preparation methods for the removal of organic matter on the isotope values. Here we compare a number of methods for the removal of organic matter in order to assess their effectiveness and influence on subsequent isotope measurements. Not all the methods described here effectively removed organic matter, the best treatments were H₂O₂ and ignition in air at 550°C. Ignition in air at 950°C, and heating in vacuum at 250 and 450°C results in marked alteration of isotope values, whereas use of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), nitric acid (HNO₃) and plasma ashing have little or no effect, within the bounds of analytical error. Ignition in air at 550°C was the most effective technique, and induced no alteration of δ¹⁸O_silica, but practical constraints may limit the application of this method routinely. Our findings indicate that considerable caution is required when preparing sediment for isotope analysis of biogenic silica.  相似文献   

长江三峡库区(奉节-巴东段)移民工程遥感动态监测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘波坤孟淑英  李述靖王学佑 《地球信息科学学报》2002,4(4):63-68,119

在长江三峡库区移民工程中 ,我们采用 ETM+、SPOT、IKONOS等多源、多时相、多分辨率航天、航空遥感数据组合 ,监测移民工程的动态变化 ,通过对库区奉节 -巴东段移民搬迁建与安置、新开发用地分布、土地利用与土地结构变化、地质灾害及衍生地质灾害与防治、库区环境及生态平衡与改善经济结构以及移民工程遥感动态监测等 ,取得突破性进展 ,获取了一批重要成果。为三峡移民工程进一步全面、安全地实施、改进规划管理工作及库区经济可持续发展 ,提供了科学依据和决策性建议。  相似文献   

特大型桥梁施工GPS高程控制网技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴迪军  黄全义  张建军  李书银  熊小莉 《测绘信息与工程》2006,31(5):18-19

探索了采用GPS技术建立桥梁施工高程控制网的难点及关键问题,分析了GPS跨河高程传递测量方法的技术要点,结合工程实例得出了一些结论和建议。  相似文献   

基于偏最小二乘回归的纹理特征线性组合     

金淑英  李德仁  龚健雅 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2006,31(5):399-402

基于偏最小二乘回归技术时纹理特征进行线性组合，得到新的纹理特征来进行分类。实验表明，组合后的纹理特征不但提高了纹理分类的性能，而且具有一定的数据自适应能力。  相似文献   

区域地下水溶质运移随机理论的研究与进展   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

杨金忠  蔡树英 《水科学进展》1998,9(1):84-98

在总结近年来国内外区域地下水溶质运动研究的基本理论、方法和部分成果的基础上,论述了溶质在大区域运动的主要影响因素为区域介质的空间变异性。首先总结了野外条件下饱和介质和非饱和介质土壤渗透性能的空间变异性结果,由于野外渗透介质严重的空间变异性,研究溶质在野外条件下的运动采用了随机理论方法。基于Lagrange方法和Euler方法,研究结果表明,在渗透系数为对数正态二阶平稳及一阶扰动近似条件下,平均浓度满足对流－弥散方程,方程中宏观弥散度决定于介质渗透性能的统计特征,总结了一系列宏观弥散系数的表达形式,在此基础上,指出了需要进一步研究的问题。  相似文献   

Assessment of δ13C and C/N ratios in bulk organic matter as palaeosalinity indicators in Holocene and Lateglacial isolation basin sediments,northwest Scotland     

Elizabeth A. V. Mackie  Jeremy M. Lloyd  Melanie J. Leng  Michael J. Bentley  Carol Arrowsmith 《第四纪科学杂志》2007,22(6):579-591

Carbon isotopes (δ¹³C) and C/N ratios from bulk organic matter have recently been used as alternative proxies for relative sea‐level (RSL) reconstruction where there are problems associated with conventional biological indictors. A previous study on a single isolation basin (Upper Loch nan Eala) in northwest Scotland has shown a clear relationship between δ¹³C, C/N ratios and palaeosalinity from Younger Dryas and Holocene aged sediments. In this paper we present results of δ¹³C and C/N ratio analyses from other isolation basins in northwest Scotland over the Holocene and the Lateglacial period in order to validate this technique. The results from the Holocene sequences support the earlier findings that this technique can be used to identify RSL change from isolation basins over the Holocene in this region. The relationship between δ¹³C, C/N ratios and RSL change is not apparent in sediments of Lateglacial age. Other environmental variables such as atmospheric CO₂ concentration, poor vegetation development and temperature influence δ¹³C values during this period. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献