青藏高原湖泊面积动态监测     

杨珂含  姚方方  董迪  董文  骆剑承 《地球信息科学学报》2017,19(7):972-982

高原湖泊的动态变化对区域水循环具有重要影响。受全球气候变化的影响,青藏高原湖泊自20世纪90年代开始呈现剧烈扩张趋势。为揭示近年来青藏高原湖泊面积的时空变化规律,本文提出了一种改进的半自动湖泊提取算法,结合环境减灾卫星（HJ-1A/1B）和Landsat系列卫星影像数据,对青藏高原内流流域中面积大于50 km²的127个湖泊进行了连续6年的动态监测,并分析了该区域2009-2014年湖泊面积时空变化特征。研究结果表明,该区域湖泊整体呈现显著扩张趋势,年均变化速率为231.89 km²yr^-1（0.87 %yr^-1）,6年间湖泊面积扩张速率有所减缓。其中,扩张湖泊有104个,收缩湖泊有23个,变化速率分别为271.08 km²yr^-1（1.02 % yr^-1）和-39.19 km²yr^-1（-0.15 %yr^-1）。不同区域湖泊面积变化具有明显差异,主要表现为东部及北部大部分区域湖泊扩张,南部地区大部分湖泊面积稳定,萎缩湖泊主要分布于研究区四周。最后,本文通过分析冰川融水补给对湖泊面积变化的影响,发现存在冰川融水补给的湖泊面积变化率远大于不存在冰川融水补给的湖泊。由此可见,近年来冰川融水的增加是促进青藏高原内流流域湖泊扩张的主要因素之一。  相似文献   

湖南省慈利县农作物富硒程度调查评价与富硒农业发展建议     

翁进  李榕  孙元贵  黄栋良  何梓华  罗治勇 《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2017,14(1)

针对慈利县重点区域进行了农作物富硒程度专项调查,通过建立湖南省相关农作物富硒标准,发现采集的十种农作物中大部分达到富硒标准,其中油菜、水稻、玉米等硒平均含量最高,分别达到0.285mg/kg、0.136 mg/kg以及0.118 mg/kg。通过对比根系土硒含量,研究了十种作物硒富集规律,得出了各农作物硒富集系数,油菜硒富集能力最强,其次为大豆、大蒜。针对慈利县土壤、农作物含硒量特征提出了慈利县富硒农业发展的建议。  相似文献   

基于空间填充曲线排列码划分的并行缓冲区算法     

申金鑫  吴烨  陈荦  景宁 《地理信息世界》2017,24(5)

缓冲区计算是地理信息系统空间分析的基本功能之一。在矢量缓冲区研究方面,以往大多聚焦缓冲区生成算法,这些优化方法在单机计算环境中针对大规模空间数量数据的计算效率提升是有限的,因而需要并行环境下的改进方法来进一步破解计算瓶颈。本文基于Map Reduce计算模型和分布式内存计算框架,提出了一种基于空间填充曲线排列码划分的并行缓冲区分析算法(SPBM),基于空间填充曲线编码进行数据排序和范围划分,对跨越网格的数据采用近似切分方法,在考虑负载均衡的前提下对任务并行分解,之后按照给定深度的"树状"方式进行结果合并。本文在单机和集群两种环境下利用实际道路网等数据进行了实验。同等环境下,相较于目前流行的GIS软件——QGIS和Post GIS计算性能提升明显,相较于现有其他并行优化方法效率提升超过50%。这样的优化分析方法对于GIS中其他矢量分析算法的并行算法也具有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Screening white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-resistant molecular markers from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fenneropenaeus chinensis</Emphasis>     

Yingying Wu  Xianhong Meng  Jie Kong  Sheng Luan  Kun Luo  Qingyin Wang  Yongyun Zheng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,16(1):129-136

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-resistant molecular markers were screened from the selectively bred new variety ‘Huanghai No. 2’ of Fenneropenaeus chinensis using unlabeled-probe high-resolution melting (HRM) technique. After the artificial infection with WSSV, the first 96 dead shrimps and the last 96 surviving shrimps were collected, representing WSSV-susceptible and -resistant populations, respectively. The genotypes at well-developed 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci were obtained. As revealed in the Chi-square test, 3 SNPs, genotype A/A of contig C364-89AT, genotype A/A of C2635-527CA and genotype C/T of contig C12355-592CT, were positively correlated with disease-resistance traits. Other 2 SNPs, genotype G/G of contig C283-145AG and genotype C/C of contig C12355-592CT, were negatively correlated. Moreover, analysis with BlastX program for disease-resistant SNPs indicated that 3 contigs, Contig283, Contig364 and Contig12355, matched to the functional genes of effector caspase of Penaeus monodon, peptide transporter family 1-like protein, and 40S ribosomal protein S2 of Perca flavescens with high sequence similarity. The results will be helpful to provide theoretical and technical supports for molecular marker-assisted selective breeding of F. chinensis.  相似文献   

Influence of white spot syndrome virus infection on hepatopancreas gene expression of ‘Huanghai No. 2’ shrimp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Fenneropenaeus chinensis</Emphasis>)     

Xianhong Meng  Xiaoli Shi  Jie Kong  Sheng Luan  Kun Luo  Baoxiang Cao  Ning Liu  Xia Lu  Xupeng Li  Kangyu Deng  Jiawang Cao  Yingxue Zhang  Hengheng Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,16(5):863-872

To elucidate the molecular response of shrimp hepatopancreas to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, microarray was applied to investigate the differentially expressed genes in the hepatopancreas of ‘Huanghai No. 2’ (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). A total of 59137 unigenes were designed onto a custom-made 60K Agilent chip. After infection, the gene expression profiles in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp with a lower viral load at early (48–96 h), peak (168–192 h) and late (264–288 h) infection phases were analyzed. Of 18704 differentially expressed genes, 6412 were annotated. In total, 5453 differentially expressed genes (1916 annotated) expressed at all three phases, and most of the annotated were either up- or down-regulated continuously. These genes function diversely in, for example, immune response, cytoskeletal system, signal transduction, stress resistance, protein synthesis and processing, metabolism among others. Some of the immune-related genes, including antilipopolysaccharide factor, Kazal-type proteinase inhibitor, C-type lectin and serine protease encoding genes, were up-regulated after WSSV infection. These genes have been reported to be involved in the anti-WSSV responses. The expression of genes related to the cytoskeletal system, including β-actin and myosin but without tubulin genes, were down-regulated after WSSV infection. Astakine was found for the first time in the WSSV-infected F. chinensis. To further confirm the expression of differentially expressed genes, quantitative real-time PCR was performed to test the expression of eight randomly selected genes and verified the reliability and accuracy of the microarray expression analysis. The data will provide valuable information to understanding the immune mechanism of shrimp’s response to WSSV.  相似文献   

全球气候模式对中国降水分布时空特征的评估和预估   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

许崇海  罗勇  徐影 《气候变化研究进展》2010,6(6):398-404

使用观测和多模式集合平均的降水资料,评估全球气候模式对中国降水时空分布特征的模拟能力,并给出21世纪的预估。结果表明：全球气候模式在一定程度上能够再现中国地区降水的分布型,也能模拟出降水的区域性差异。对年降水10年、20年尺度上的周期变化模拟效果较好。21世纪SRES A1B情景下中国年及夏季降水主要模态以全国一致型为主,2045年前后由少雨型转为多雨型;冬季降水为少雨型与多雨型交替出现。  相似文献   

Recurrence of the world’s largest green-tide in 2009 in Yellow Sea, China: Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture rafts confirmed as nursery for macroalgal blooms     

Dongyan Liu  John K. Keesing  Zhijun Dong  Baoping Di  Peter Fearns 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1423-1432

In the summer of 2008, the world’s largest green-tide occurred in the Yellow Sea, China. The hypothesized cause was the expansion of Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture along the Jiangsu coastline and the re-occurrence of a green-tide in 2009 was predicted. In this study, satellite and field images showed the formation of the June 2009 green-tide which again originated from the Jiangsu coast. The responsible species, its source and biomass accumulation were studied to support the previous hypothesis. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the homology of Ulva prolifera in the 2008 green-tide with the U. prolifera from P. yezoensis aquaculture rafts. About 91-505 kg/ha of U. prolifera was attached to the P. yezoensis aquaculture rafts and a total biomass of 4956 tonnes was estimated during the harvesting of P. yezoensis. This is sufficient to seed a bloom when they are dislodged from the rafts as a result of harvesting practices.  相似文献   

基于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS的直流电法正演模拟     

王小龙  冯宏  田华光  吴迪 《煤田地质与勘探》2011,39(5):76-80

以点电源和线电源为例,叙述了基于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS的直流电法正演模拟过程。通过对COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS正演模拟解与理论值的对比分析,验证了应用COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS进行直流电法正演模拟的正确性与可行性。鉴于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS强大的剖分求解功能及丰富的后处理操作,可以快速、准确实现正演模拟,其在地球物理正演模拟中的应用的研究意义重大。   相似文献   

写在IPCC关于极端气候事件评估特别报告发表之际   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵宗慈  罗勇  黄建斌 《气候变化研究进展》2011,7(6):455-457

极端天气气候事件对社会经济与人类活动有明显影响,因此政策制定者和公众都很关心极端气候事件的变化。政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)发表的4次评估报告都非常重视评估这方面的研究,自2007年第四次评估报告发表以来,对极端气候事件  相似文献   

GPS软件接收机捕获方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗和平  邱蕾  曾祥新 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(1):147-151

为解决GPS软件接收机中频信号的捕获问题,首先基于FFT的并行码捕获实现了对基带信号的粗捕,对粗捕的捕获判决进行改进,采用自适应门限值调整方法,即基于次高峰判决,同时对次高峰的寻找采用开窗原理;然后利用FFT的频域分析方法进行精捕。与传统相位差分精捕不同,利用FFT频域内对中频信号进行精捕,通过增大FFT变换的点数来提高精捕频率的分辨率,同时具体给出了粗捕和精捕的具体捕获步骤以及主要的技术问题;最后利用一组GPS实测数据对上述分析进行了计算,实验结果表明：基于FFT的GPS信号的粗捕与利用FFT的频域精捕方法非常有效,捕获快速准确,可以满足GPS软件接收机的要求。  相似文献