THE DECLINE OF PARTY VOTING: A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE 1978 MASSACHUSETTS ELECTION     

Bruce Downing  Tim Hudson  Peter Taylor  Peter Bland  Nancy Villanueva 《The Professional geographer》1980,32(4):454-461

A factor analysis of the 1978 Massachusetts election is undertaken to investigate whether the alleged decline of political parties in the United States can be distinguished at the state scale. Four factors are identified, two of which relate to the voting patterns of state-wide candidates. The main factor is easily seen to represent a “party voting”pattern and the fourth factor suggests a nonparty pattern of support associated with the Democratic candidate for governor, Edward King. It is suggested that this separation of the voting pattern for Democratic candidates may possibly reflect party decomposition in Massachusetts.  相似文献   

The effects of sunspots on solar irradiance     

H. S. Hudson  S. Silva  M. Woodard  R. C. Willson 《Solar physics》1982,76(2):211-219

Sunspots have an obvious direct effect upon the visible radiant energy falling upon the Earth. We show how to estimate this effect and compare it quantitatively with recent observations of the solar total irradiance (Willson et al., 1981). The sunspots explain about half of the total observed variance of one-day averages. Since the sunspot effect on irradiance produces an asymmetry of the solar radiation, rather than (necessarily) a variation of the total luminosity, we have also estimated the sunspot population on the invisible hemisphere. This extrapolation allows us to estimate the true luminosity deficit produced by sunspots, in a manner that tends toward the correct long-term average value. We find no evidence for instantaneous global re-emission to compensate for the sunspot flux deficit.  相似文献   

Adiabatic predictions and observations of cloud droplet spectral broadness     

Seong Soo Yum  James G. Hudson 《Atmospheric Research》2005,73(3-4):203-223

The evolution of cloud droplet size spectra is calculated using an adiabatic condensational growth model. Broadness (e.g., standard deviation of diameter) of cloud droplet spectra in adiabatic cloud parcels was determined to be critically dependent on cloud supersaturation. Although droplet spectra become narrower as growth continues, the rate of narrowing is slower when cloud supersaturation is lower. This actually leads to broader droplet spectra for more continental clouds or for weaker updrafts because both of these conditions are associated with lower cloud supersaturations. More continental type clouds, which have higher concentrations of smaller droplets, were indeed found to have larger dispersions (standard deviation of diameter/mean diameter of cloud droplets). Some of these results were consistent with observations, but the larger dispersions that were much more commonly observed for continental compared to maritime clouds were due almost exclusively to smaller droplets rather than broader droplet distributions. Contrary to the model calculations, typical observations show that cleaner clouds usually have broader droplet spectra. The gaps in magnitude between theory and observations of broadness are significant in all clouds. When cloud parcels that had ascended under different updraft conditions were compared at a constant cloud altitude, parcels with lower updrafts were predicted to have broader droplet spectra with larger mean diameters. This trend of apparent spectral broadening was consistent with observations for some near-adiabatic cloud parcels.  相似文献   

[Without Title]     

Travis Hudson  Anne-Marie de Grosbois 《Environmental Geology》2006,49(7):1081-1087

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Enhanced scavenging ofPb andPo by processes associated with the East Pacific Rise near 8°45′N     

David Kadko  Michael P. Bacon  Andrew Hudson 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1987,81(4)

In 1977 and 1981 a hydrothermal plume was detected at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) near 8°45′N and at MANOP Site M, 25 km east of the EPR, by anomalous²²²Rn and Mn concentrations. In 1981, samples were also taken for²¹⁰Pb,²¹⁰Po and²²⁶Ra analyses to determine if enhanced scavenging of these elements occurred in the plume. At both the ridge crest and at Site M, the ²¹⁰Pb/²²⁶Ra ratios range from 0.09 to 0.35, which are among the lowest values ever measured. It appears that removal of the²¹⁰Pb is occurring by processes operating at or near the seafloor. There is also significant ²¹⁰Po/²¹⁰Pb disequilibrium at both locations, which appears to increase away from the seafloor towards the plume (as indicated by elevated Mn concentrations). An in-situ water column scavenging process is suggested by correlation of [²¹⁰Pb-²¹⁰Po] and Mn concentrations in the plume. The residence time of the²¹⁰Po is only about 1 year, which is close to its residence time in surface waters but quite short compared to typical deep sea values. Thus rapid scavenging of the polonium in the plume and relatively rapid settling of particles from the plume is suggested.  相似文献   

Coulomb's Memoir on Statics: An essay in the History of Civil Engineering: J. Heyman, 1972. Cambridge University Press,London, 211 pp., £5.00     

J.A. Hudson 《Earth》1973,9(4):376-377

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Controlled failure of hollow rock cylinders in uniaxial compression   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. T. Brown  J. A. Hudson  M. P. Hardy  C. Fairhurst 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》1972,4(1):1-24

SummaryControlled Failure of Hollow Rock Cylinders in Uniaxial Compression Detailed consideration is given to the behavior of hollow rock cylinders loaded in uniaxial compression. Elastic stress distributions calculated by the finite element method show that radial stresses are considerably lower in hollow than in solid cylinders, and that the uniformity of the stresses can be improved considerably by using loading platens having the same cross-section as the specimen. Servo-controlled uniaxial compression tests carried out on solid and thick-walled cylinders of white Tennessee marble show no essential differences in the behavior of the two specimen types with similar strengths and fracture phenomena being observed. In tests carried out in servo-controlled, stiff, and conventional machines, the progressive formation of large numbers of short subaxial cracks is followed by the development of macrofractures such as slabbing and shearing well past the peak of the stress-strain curve.

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ZusammenfassungDer gesteuerte Bruch hohler Gesteinszylinder unter einachsigem Druck Das Verhalten hohler Gesteinszylinder unter einachsigem Druck ist eingehend beschrieben. Die Methode der endlichen Elemente ermöglicht die Berechnung der elastischen Spannungsverteilung und zeigt, daß die radialen Spannungen im Hohlzylinder bedeutend geringer sind als im massiven. Der Gebrauch von Druckplatten vom gleichen Querschnitt wie dem der Probe verbessert die Gleichförmigkeit der Spannungen wesentlich.Servo-gesteuerte einachsige Druckversuche an dichtwandigen hohlen und an massiven Proben von weißem Tennessee-Marmor lassen keine wesentlichen Unterschiede zwischen dem Verhalten der beiden Probenarten erkennen. Ähnliche Festigkeiten und Brucherscheinungen sind im hohlen und massiven Zylinder beobachtet worden. In Versuchen mit servo-gesteuerten starren und in konventionellen Maschinen folgt der progressiven Bildung einer großen Anzahl kurzer, etwa axialer Risse die Entstehung von größeren Brucherscheinungen, wie z. B. Abschalungen und Scherbrüche, und zwar deutlich nach dem Scheitelpunkt der Arbeitslinie.

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RésuméFracturation contrôlée de cylindres rocheux creux en compression uniaxiale Une étude détaillée du comportement de cylindres rocheux creux soumis à une compression uniaxiale est faite ici. La répartition des contraintes en milieu élastique déterminée par la méthode des éléments finis a montré que les contraintes radiales étaient beaucoup plus petites dans les cylindres creux que dans les cylindres pleins et que l'uniformité des contraintes pouvait être considérablement améliorée en utilisant des platines de mise en charge ayant la même section que l'éprouvette.Des essais de compression simple effectués avec une presse asservie sur des cylindres de marbre du Tennessee soit pleins soit à paroi épaisse ne montrent aucune différence notable quand au comportement des deux types d'éprouvettes. La résistance à la rupture et les phénomènes de fracturation se sont avérés comparables dans les deux cas. Au cours des essais effectués avec une presse raide asservie et une presse classique, la formation progressive d'un grand nombre de courtes fissures sub axiales est suivie par le développement de macrofractures telles qu'écaillage et cisaillements une fois dépassé le pic de la courbe effort déformation.

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With 11 Figures  相似文献   

Seismic Migration (Developments in Solid Earth Geophysics Vol. 14A): A.J. Berkhout. Elsevier,Amsterdam, 1982, 352 pp., Dfl. 140, (US $59.50), ISBN 0-444-42130-0.     

J.A. Hudson 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1983,33(4):330-331

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Dynamics of ecosystems and anthropogenic drivers in the Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jun Sun  Yinfeng Guo  Gyung Soo Park  Andrew Hudson 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(6):1-2

<正>In the developed world, governance of marine ecological environment is the important part of the national ecological and economic outcome. The Yellow Sea is one of large marine ecosystems in the seas of East Asia, which is an extension of one of the largest continental shelf areas, and forms a huge but shallow sediment body in its south area which is geographically unique in the world. As a region with the most fragile natural environment, unparalleled global ecological significance and...  相似文献   

ISRM Suggested Method for Reporting Rock Laboratory Test Data in Electronic Format     

Hong Zheng  Xia-Ting Feng  Zuyu Chen  J. A. Hudson  Yujie Wang 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(1):221-254

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