Comment on ‘Kişi Ö. 2009. Daily pan evaporation modelling using multi‐layer perceptrons and radial basis neural networks. Hydrological Processes 23: 213–223’     

Jimmy Moreno  Shalamu Abudu  A. Salim Bawazir  J. Phillip King 《水文研究》2010,24(21):3115-3118

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Surface and groundwater pollution by organochlorine compounds in a typical soybean system from the south Pampa,Argentina   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Mariana Gonzalez  Karina S. B. Miglioranza  Valeria M. Shimabukuro  Orlando M. Quiroz Londoño  Daniel E. Martinez  Julia E. Aizpún  Víctor J. Moreno 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(2):481-491

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) use has been restricted or forbidden in Argentina since 1998 and technical endosulfan is the last currently used OCPs on the soybean-wheat production. As they persist in soil for several years after application, OCPs constitute a source of environmental pollution. This work aims to assess OCPs contamination of groundwater (Gw) and streamwater (Sw) in the Quequén Grande River watershed from south Argentinean Pampas in relation to the hydrogeological characteristics. OCPs were analyzed in Sw, Gw, surface bottom sediments, soils and borehole cutting sediments (Cs) by gas chromatograph-electron capture detector. Pesticide distribution in Cs was dependent on the characteristic of the non-saturated zone. Leached pesticides over 3 m in Cs showed the pattern: HCHs = endosulfan > chlordanes > DDTs, and from 3 to 6 m heptachlor was the main group as a consequence of the past use of this compound in the area, mainly on potato crops. Endosulfan reaches Gw during application season as well as during flooding events while a retard effect was observed for Sw. Levels of α- and β-isomers were in certain cases above national (7 ng L⁻¹) and international (3 ng L⁻¹) limits for aquatic biota protection. As the endosulfan sulfate metabolite was present in Gw and Sw and due to its high toxicity, it should be considered in the establishment of water quality criteria for human and environmental protection.  相似文献   

CAMAM: A Miniature Laser Ablation Ionisation Mass Spectrometer and Microscope‐Camera System for In Situ Investigation of the Composition and Morphology of Extraterrestrial Materials     

Marek Tulej  Andreas Riedo  Maike B. Neuland  Stefan Meyer  Peter Wurz  Nicolas Thomas  Valentine Grimaudo  Pavel Moreno‐García  Peter Broekmann  Anna Neubeck  Magnus Ivarsson 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2014,38(4):441-466

Performance studies of a microscope‐camera system (MCS) and a laser ablation/ionisation mass spectrometer (LIMS) instrument (referred to here as a laser mass spectrometer or LMS) are presented. These two instruments were designed independently for in situ analysis of solids on planetary surfaces and will be combined to a single miniature instrument suite for in situ chemical and morphological analysis of surface materials on planetary bodies. LMS can perform sensitive chemical (elemental, isotope and molecular) analyses with spatial resolution close to micrometre‐sized grains. It allows for studies with mass resolution (M/ΔM) up to 800 in ablation mode (elemental composition) and up to 1500 in desorption mode (molecular analysis). With an effective dynamic range of at least eight orders of magnitude, sensitive and quantitative measurements can be conducted of almost all elements and isotopes with a concentration larger than a few ppb atoms. Hence, in addition to the major element composition, which is important for the determination of mineralogical constituents of surface materials, trace elements can also be measured to provide information on mineral formation processes. Highly accurate isotope ratio measurements can be used to determine in situ geochronology of sample material and for investigations of various isotope fractionation processes. MCS can conduct optical imagery of mm‐sized objects at several wavelengths with micrometre spatial resolution for the characterisation of morphological surface details and to provide insight into surface mineralogy. Furthermore, MCS can help in the selection of sample surface areas for further mass spectrometric analysis of the chemical composition. Surface auto‐fluorescence measurements and images in polarised light are additional capabilities of the MCS, to identify either fluorescing minerals or organic materials, if present on the analysed surface, for further investigation by LMS. The results obtained by investigations of NIST reference materials, amino acid films and a natural graphite sample embedded in silicate rock are presented to illustrate the performance of the instruments and their potential to deliver chemical information for mineral and organic phases in their geological context.  相似文献   

Striped weakfish (Cynoscion guatucupa): a biomonitor of organochlorine pesticides in estuarine and near-coastal zones     

Lanfranchi AL  Menone ML  Miglioranza KS  Janiot LJ  Aizpún JE  Moreno VJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,52(1):74-80

The general goal of this study was to investigate the role of Cynoscion guatucupa as a biomonitor of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) contamination in Bahía Blanca estuary. Thus, we evaluated whether or not OCP fish distribution pattern reflects the OCP land sources, and if size-related bioaccumulation and biomagnification of these contaminants does occur by comparing different tissues of juvenile and adults of C. guatucupa (Cuvier, 1830). Size-related bioaccumulation in C. guatucupa was observed and it was more important for the more lipophilic and biomagnifying OCP, being determined over time by diet influence. Endosulfan sulfate, chlordanes, HCH isomers and DDT compounds predominated in tissues and ingested food of C. guatucupa, being alpha-chlordane, heptachlor and p,p'-DDE highly bioaccumulated and biomagnificated. Our findings also showed that male adults of C. guatucupa are biomonitors of OCP pollution so we propose this species for further investigations in other coastal zones of South America.  相似文献   

Audouin's gull chicks as bioindicators of mercury pollution at different breeding locations in the western Mediterranean     

Sanpera C  Moreno RO  Ruiz X  Jover L 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(6):691-696

Mercury levels of Audouin's gull are amongst the highest for Mediterranean seabirds, and have been mainly attributed to its piscivorous habits in these naturally Hg rich waters. Moreover, two additional factors could enhance its mercury intake: the consumption of discarded fish (which attain higher concentrations) and/or feeding in areas receiving Hg anthropogenic inputs. In order to differentiate the relevance of both sources we analysed Hg and stable isotopes of chick feathers from different breeding locations in western Mediterranean: one in its northern part (Ebro Delta) and two southern (Chafarinas Isl. and Alborán Isl.). The results from stable isotopes indicate that consumption of discards is higher at Alborán Isl., followed by the Ebro Delta and Chafarinas Isl. Thus, the higher mercury levels found in the Ebro Delta cannot be explained uniquely by the contribution of discarded fish to diet, but local pollution caused by the river Ebro waters accounts for Hg differences observed.  相似文献   

A plausible Galactic spiral pattern and its rotation speed     

M. Martos  X. Hernandez  M. Yáñez  E. Moreno  B. Pichardo 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,350(3):L47-L51

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Study of the vertical structure of Saturn's atmosphere using HST/WFPC2 images     

O. Muñoz  F. Moreno  D. Grodent  V. Dols 《Icarus》2004,169(2):413-428

We have studied the vertical structure of hazes at six different latitudes (−60°, −50°, −30°, −10°, +30°, and +50°) on Saturn's atmosphere. For that purpose we have compared the results of our forward radiative transfer model to limb-to-limb reflectivity scans at four different wavelengths (230, 275, 673.2, and 893 nm). The images were obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 in September 1997, during fall on Saturn's northern hemisphere. The spatial distribution of particles appears to be very variable with latitude both in the stratosphere and troposphere. For the latitude range +50° to −50°, an atmospheric structure consisting of a stratospheric haze and a tropospheric haze interspersed by clear gas regions has been found adequate to explain the center to limb reflectivities at the different wavelengths. This atmospheric structure has been previously used by Ortiz et al. (1996, Icarus 119, 53-66) and Stam et al. (2001, Icarus 152, 407-422). In this work the top of the tropospheric haze is found to be higher at the southern latitudes than at northern latitudes. This hemispherical asymmetry seems to be related to seasonal effects. Different latitudes experience different amount of solar insolation that can affect the atmospheric structure as the season varies with time. The haze optical thickness is largest (about 30 at 673.2 nm) at latitudes ±50 and −10 degrees, and smallest (about 18) at ±30 degrees. The stratospheric haze is found to be optically thin at all studied latitudes from −50 to +50 degrees being maximum at −10° (τ=0.033). At −60° latitude, where the UV images show a strong darkening compared to other regions on the planet, the cloud structure is remarkably different when compared to the other latitudes. Here, aerosol and gas are found to be uniformly mixed down to the 400 mbar level.  相似文献   

On the projection of future fire danger conditions with various instantaneous/mean-daily data sources     

S. Herrera  J. Bedia  J. M. Gutiérrez  J. Fernández  J. M. Moreno 《Climatic change》2013,118(3-4):827-840

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Fluctuations of the Última Esperanza ice lobe (52°S), Chilean Patagonia,during the last glacial maximum and termination 1     

E.A. Sagredo  P.I. Moreno  R. Villa-Martínez  M.R. Kaplan  P.W. Kubik  C.R. Stern 《Geomorphology》2011,125(1):92-108

We present a new record from the Última Esperanza region (51°25’-52°25'S), southwestern Patagonia, to unravel the timing and structure of glacial fluctuations during the Last Glacial Termination (T1). This sector of southern South America represents the only windward-facing continental landmass in the Southern Hemisphere that intersects the core of the Southern Westerly Wind belt.Geomorphic, stratigraphic and geochronological evidence indicate the following stages during and since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM): (i) deposition of prominent moraine complexes during at least two advances dated between ~ 39 and > 17.5 ka; (ii) development of an ice-dammed proglacial lake (glacial lake Puerto Consuelo) accompanying ice recession; (iii) active deposition of moraine complexes at intermediate positions followed by recession at ≥ 15.2 ka; (iv) lake level drop and subsequent stabilization between 15.2-12.8 ka; (v) a glacial readvance in glacial lake Puerto Consuelo between 14.8-12.8 ka; (vi) ice recession, stabilization, and lake level lowering between 12.8-10.3 ka; and (vii) glacial withdrawal and disappearance of glacial lake Puerto Consuelo prior to 10.3 ka. By comparing our results with the chronologies from neighboring regions we explore whether there was a consistent temporal/geographic pattern of glacial fluctuations during the LGM and T1, and examine their implications at regional, hemispheric, and global scales. The correspondence of these variations with key paleoclimate events recorded in the Southern and the Northern Hemispheres suggest a common forcing that, most likely, propagated through the atmosphere. Regional heterogeneities at millennial timescales probably reflect the influence of processes related to deep ocean circulation, and changes in the position/intensity of the Antarctic Polar Front and Southern Westerly Winds.  相似文献   

A Molecular Survey of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) at the IRAM Telescopes     

Bockelée-Morvan  D.  Wink  J.  Despois  D.  Colom  P.  Biver  N.  Crovisier  J.  Gautier  D.  Gérard  E.  Lellouch  E.  Moreno  R.  Paubert  G.  Rauer  H.  Davies  J. K.  Dent  W. R. F. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1997,78(1-3):67-67

Spectroscopic observations of comet Hale-Boppwere undertaken near perihelion at millimetre wavelengths with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) telescopes at Plateau de Bure (France)and Pico Veleta (Spain). They resulted in the first detections of HCOOH,SO₂, NH₂CHO and HCOOCH₃ in a comet. HDO was detected through its3₁₂–2₂₁ line at 225.897 GHz,complementing the observation of the 1₀₁–0₀₀ line at 464.925 GHz at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (Meier et al., 1998,Science 279, 842).Several unidentified lines are present in the spectra. Observations of HC₃N, HNCO, OCS, SO, CN, CO₊, HCO₊, in addition to more ‘classical’species CO, HCN, HNC, CH₃CN, CH₃OH, H₂CO, CS and H₂S (Biveret al., this issue) permit us to make out an extensive inventory of the composition of the coma of comet Hale-Bopp at its perihelion. It presents strong analogies with gas-phase abundances measured in interstellar hot cores and bipolar flows, which are believed to reflect the composition of interstellar grains. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献