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1 INTRODUCTIONOne of the 7 key plans of IGBP (International Geo-Biosphere Project) is the PAGES (Past Global Changes), of which the relation of mutual influence of mankind and natural environmental changes during historic period has attracted great attentions over the world (CHEN,1992; Committee of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 1995). Due to the atrocious natural conditions, study of this issues are much more backward in southern Xinjiang. So to investigate and… 相似文献
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1 Introduction Southern Xinjiang has experienced tremendous changes in climate and eco-environment during historic times, for example, the rise and decline of oases and ancient towns, shrinkages and enlargement of lakes and changes in river system, etc. (Figure 1). All these can be attributable to the natural changes of climate and environment superimposed by human impacts. So, it is interesting and significant to reveal the inter-relation between natural climate changes and human抯 impact … 相似文献
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绿洲—荒漠交错带地下水位分布的遥感模型研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
以利用卫星遥感数据评价干旱区绿洲－荒漠交错带地下水位的分布作为主要研究目的，使用波段Landsat-7ETM 图像，用遥感－数学－模型学融合的研究方法，在实地考察地下水位，土壤水分和其他辅助资料的基础上，建立土壤水分和地下水位的实验方程，提出了评价地下水位分布的遥感模型－GLDRS模型。利用GLDRS模型对新疆策勒绿洲－荒漠交错带进行了实地验证，结果表明，研究结果符合实际，GLDRS多波段模型优越单波段模型，理论地下水位和实测地下水位之间的相关系数为0．901。 相似文献
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Fei Zhang Tashpolat Tiyip Hsiangte Kung Verner Carl Johnson Matthew Maimaitiyiming Mei Zhou Juan Wang 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(7):499
Land use and land cover (LULC) changes caused by human activities have strong influences on regional environment. Land surface temperate plays an important role in studying the impact of LULC changes on regional environment. In this paper, remotely sensed thermal infrared data were used to assess land surface temperature (LST) in the Weigan and Kuqa river oasis, Xingjiang, one of the important agricultural areas in the northwestern China. The present study deals with the extraction of LST and the relationship between LULC changes using Landsat 5 TM acquired on September 25, 1989, and September 6, 2011. The results indicate that the surface temperature of water body, bare land, and desert changed significantly between 1989 and 2011. In general, the LST was lower in 1989 than in 2011. There were no lower, higher, and highest temperature zones in 1989. However, the minimum temperature was 10.7 °C in 1989 and 15.8 °C in 2011. The maximum temperature was 29.3 °C in 1989 and 41.8 °C in 2011. Regarding the LULC types, the desert features in the Gobi Desert warmed more quickly than the oasis. So, the temperature of the oasis was lower than the surrounded areas, resulting in a so-called “cold island” phenomenon. Oasis cold island effect index (OCIEI) shows that stability of oasis had rising trend from 1989 to 2011. In addition, the impact of LULC changes on LST was analyzed and the driving forces were also analyzed from 1977 to 2011. This study is significant for further understanding of the energy exchange status of soil-plant-atmospheric system and the regional heat distribution in arid and semi-arid areas of the northwest China. 相似文献
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干旱区土壤盐渍化遥感监测方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
准确提取盐渍化信息对土壤盐渍化监测和研究盐渍化动态变化具有重要意义。先对除去TM6含有6个多光谱波段的TM图像分别做主成分、缨帽变换，然后在对遥感数据和其派生数据分析和实验的基础上，得出TM数据的可见光和近红外波段之一和第三主成分及缨帽变换后的绿度特征做彩色合成能较好的揭示土壤盐渍化信息，TM数据多光谱波段的选取依研究区而定，此方法的效果受土壤含水量的影响。最后对合成图像分类得出了研究区盐渍地的数量和分布情况。 相似文献
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塔里木河中游典型绿洲盐渍化土壤的反射光谱特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究盐渍化土壤的光谱特性是利用遥感技术实现在区域尺度上进行土壤盐渍化监测和评价的工作基础, 是建立地面数据和遥感数据关系的桥梁。本文以塔里木河中游典型绿洲--渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为研究对象, 采用光谱学技术以及多元统计相结合的方法, 研究干旱区典型绿洲盐渍化土壤的反射光谱特征。首先, 对光谱数据进行预处理(去噪、剔除水分吸收波段), 以便消除仪器本身噪声及外界条件的影响, 并且计算了部分盐渍地样本的光谱吸收特征参数, 说明相同程度的盐渍化土壤具有相似的吸收特征;其次, 研究盐渍化土壤的反射光谱与盐分因子(八大离子、电导率(EC)、含盐量(salt content)、pH、总溶解固体(TDS)等) 之间的关系, 并选择具有代表性的盐分因子与野外实测光谱数据建立定量回归模型, 通过多元线性回归分析得出含盐量、SO42-、TDS、EC与原始光谱数据的相关性分别是0.746、0.908、0.798 和0.933, 达到了理想的效果。本研究对于干旱区典型绿洲盐渍土的光谱特征研究有着重要指示意义, 为发展和完善中国盐渍土理化特征的可见光-近红外反射光谱分析理论奠定科学积累, 并进一步为干旱区土壤盐渍化、沙漠化灾害等环境恶化问题的解决提供新的科学技术手段。 相似文献
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土壤盐渍化严重制约土地生产力,实时监测土壤盐渍化有利于农业正常生产。选择新疆渭干河—库车河绿洲的光谱反射率数据,研究不同程度盐渍化土壤的光谱特征;并对绿洲所在的库车县的环境与灾害监测预报小卫星的高光谱数据进行盐渍化信息提取。提取步骤为：首先对土壤光谱反射率数据进行14种形式的变换,再与土壤含盐量进行相关分析、逐步回归分析,建立估算不同盐渍化程度的土壤含盐量方程,用均方根误差验证方程的精度;其次,建立植被和土壤波谱库;最后,在波谱库的数据基础上,使用波谱角分类法（SAM）对环境与灾害监测预报小卫星的高光谱数据进行分类。用同步实测数据对分类效果进行精度评价,效果较好,这一结果为今后该区域的高光谱应用奠定了基础,对区域农民耕作方式提出了警示,为区域可持续发展实践提供了参考。 相似文献