Living Shorelines Support Nearshore Benthic Communities in Upper and Lower Chesapeake Bay     

Theresa M. Davenport  Rochelle D. Seitz  Kathleen E. Knick  Nina Jackson 《Estuaries and Coasts》2018,41(1):197-206

Human population growth and sea-level rise are increasing the demand for protection of coastal property against shoreline erosion. Living shorelines are designed to provide shoreline protection and are constructed or reinforced using natural elements. While living shorelines are gaining popularity with homeowners, their ability to provide ecological services (e.g., habitat provision and trophic transfer) is not well understood, and information is needed to improve coastal and resource management decision-making. We examined benthic community responses to living shorelines in two case-study subestuaries of Chesapeake Bay using a before-after control-impact study design. At Windy Hill, a bulkhead was removed and replaced by three tombolos, sand fill, and native marsh vegetation. At Lynnhaven, 25 m of eroding marsh shoreline was stabilized with coir logs, sand fill, and native marsh vegetation. Communities of large (>?3 mm) infauna adjacent to living shorelines at both locations tended to increase in biomass by the end of the study period. Community compositions changed significantly following living shoreline construction at Windy Hill, reflecting a trend toward higher density and biomass of large bivalves at living shorelines compared to pre-construction. Increasing trends in density and biomass of clams and simultaneously decreasing density and decreasing trends in biomass of polychaetes suggest a transition toward stable infaunal communities at living shorelines over time, though longer-term studies are warranted.  相似文献   

Commingled Fluids in Abandoned Boreholes: Proximity Analysis of a Hidden Liability     

Christopher Perra  Jennifer C. McIntosh  Theresa Watson  Grant Ferguson 《Ground water》2022,60(2):210-224

The interactions between old abandoned wellbores of suspect well integrity with hydraulic fracturing (HF), enhanced oil recovery (EOR), or salt water disposal (SWD) operations can result in upward leakage of deep aqueous liquids into overlying aquifers. This potential for upward fluid migration is largely unquantified as monitoring abandoned wells is rarely done, and leakage may go unnoticed especially when in deeper aquifers. This study performs a proximity analysis between old abandoned wells and HF, EOR, and SWD wells, and identifies commingled old abandoned wellbores, which are those wells where groundwater may flow from one aquifer to one or more other aquifers, to identify the locations with the greatest potential for upward aqueous fluid migration at three study sites in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. Our analysis indicates that at all three study sites there are several locations where HF, EOR, or SWD operations are located in close proximity to a given old abandoned well. Much of this overlap occurs in formations above typically produced hydrocarbon reservoirs but below exploited potable aquifers, otherwise known as the intermediate zone, which is often connected between abandonment plugs in old abandoned wells. Information on the intermediate zone is often lacking, and this study suggests that unanticipated alterations to groundwater flow systems within the intermediate zone may be occurring. Results indicate the need for more field-based research on the intermediate zone.  相似文献   

On crafting a fisheries co-management arrangement in the estuary of Patos Lagoon (Brazil): opportunities and challenges faced through implementation     

Daniela C. Kalikoski  Theresa Satterfield 《Marine Policy》2004,28(6):742

This paper aims to analyze a fisheries co-management regime in Brazil. The Forum of the Patos Lagoon, a collaborative partnership among communities, governmental and non-governmental organizations, was established to move fisheries management toward a negotiation-style decision processes. We find that while many successes are evident including the delegation of decision power, greater protection of artisanal fisheries, and greater legitimacy assigned the Forum as a decision-making body, several problems remain. These include conflicting institutional arrangements; minimal recognition of local fishers’ interests as concerns rules established; and less than optimal participation of fishers in the Forum. The paper closes with multiple suggestions for improvements of this co-management regime.  相似文献   

Experimental investigation of cephapirin adsorption to quartz filter sands and dune sands     

Jonathan W. Peterson  Theresa A. O’Meara  Michael D. Seymour 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(5):879-892

Batch experiments were performed to investigate cephapirin (a widely used veterinary antibiotic) adsorption on various size sands of low total organic carbon content (0.08–0.36 wt%). In the aqueous concentration range investigated (11–112 μmol/L cephapirin), adsorption to nearly pure quartz filter sands (0.50–3.35 mm diameter) is low. Isotherms are S-shaped and most display a region of minimum adsorption, where decreased adsorption occurs with increasing solution concentration, followed by increased adsorption at higher concentrations. Cephapirin adsorption to quartz-rich, feldspar-bearing dune sands (0.06–0.35 mm diameter), and the smallest quartz filter sand investigated (0.43–0.50 mm), can be described by linear sorption isotherms over the range of concentrations investigated. Distribution coefficients (K _d) range from 0.94 to 3.45 L/kg. No systematic relationship exists between grain size and amount of adsorption for any of the sands investigated. Cephapirin adsorption is positively correlated to the feldspar ratio (K-feldspar/(albite + Ca-plagioclase). Feldspar-ratio normalization of distribution coefficients was more effective than organic carbon normalization at reducing variability of K _d values in the dune sands investigated.  相似文献   

A Comparison of the International Charters on Geographical Education     

Theresa Bourke  Rod Lane 《The Journal of geography》2018,117(4):174-180

This article uses discourse analysis techniques associated with Foucauldian archaeology to examine the two international charters developed by the International Geographical Union Commission on Geographical Education (IGU-CGE), the original one in 1992 and the revised version endorsed in 2016 at the Beijing conference. The examination considers the consultation and development processes before outlining similarities and differences in the messages communicated and how discourses have changed through time. The article concludes with recommendations for the geography education community for the future.  相似文献   

Chandrakanth MG | Water resource economics     

Maike Groeschke  Theresa Frommen 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(14):1097

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The role of experimental work in hydrological sciences – insights from a community survey     

Theresa Blume  Ilja van Meerveld  Markus Weiler 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(3):334-337

This opinion paper summarizes the results of an online survey on the role of experimental work in the hydrological sciences. The 20 survey questions covered various topics, such as advancements, needs, potentials and challenges in the hydrological sciences, and also touched on the issue of data sharing and data publication. A total of 336 hydrologists with both modelling and experimental backgrounds participated.  相似文献   

Review symposium on: Theresa Enright (2015) The Making of Grand Paris: Metropolitan urbanism in the twenty-first century,Boston, MIT Press     

Theresa Enright 《Urban geography》2018,39(7):1121-1130

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A sequential ensemble prediction system at convection-permitting scales     

Marco Milan  Dirk Schüttemeyer  Theresa Bick  Clemens Simmer 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2014,123(1-2):17-31

A sequential data assimilation approach (SAM) that incorporates elements of particle filtering with resampling (SIR, Sequential Importance Resampling) is introduced. SAM is applied to the COSMO-DE-EPS, which is an ensemble prediction system for weather forecasting on convection-permitting scales. At the convective scale and beyond, the atmosphere increasingly exhibits non-linear state space evolutions. For an ensemble-based data assimilation system, this requires both an adequate metric that quantifies the distance between the observed atmospheric state and the states simulated by the ensemble members, and a methodology to counteract filter degeneracy, i.e. the collapse of the simulated state space. We, therefore, propose a combination of resampling, which accounts for simulated state space clustering, and nudging. SAM differs from the classical SIR approach mainly in the weighting applied to the ensemble members. By keeping cluster representatives during resampling, the method maintains the potential for non-linear system state development. With three convective case studies, we demonstrate that SAM improves forecast quality compared with the control EPS (EPS without data assimilation) for the first 5–6 h of forecast.  相似文献   

Southeast Asian Migrant Women: Navigating Borders, Negotiating Scales     

Theresa W. Devasahayam  Shirlena Huang  Brenda S.A. Yeoh 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2004,25(2):135-140

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