Determination of groundwater potential by using geoelectrical method and petrographic analysis in Rawalakot and adjacent areas of Azad Kashmir,sub-Himalayas,Pakistan     

Abrar Niaz  Muhammad Rustam Khan  Umer Ijaz  Muhammad Yasin  Fahad Hameed 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(16):468

The current study is carried out for the determination of groundwater potential in District Rawalakot Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K) Pakistan by using electrical resistivity method and petrographic analysis of the area. The tape-compass-clinometers method was used in section measurement to understand the facies and depositional environment. The electrical resistivity survey was carried out in the project area in sub-Himalayan Siwaliks system of Pakistan to overcome water scarcity in a few regions. The area was chartered with the Schlumberger configuration up to the AB/2 depth of 150 m. The ABEM Terrameter SAS 4000 (Sweden) and accessories were used to acquire vertical electrical soundings in 24 locations. The results obtained through the 2D and 3D isoresistivity maps of apparent resistivity for 15, 45, and 130 m spacings, the 3D isoresistivity maps of transverse resistance and anisotropy, the VES curve types, and the measured stratigraphic section of surface rocks revealed the confined or semi-confined type aquifers within sedimentary formations. The petrographic analysis indicates the clues of the secondary porosity and fluid migrations through the rocks.  相似文献   

Application of the WRF model rainfall product for the localized flood hazard modeling in a data-scarce environment     

Umer  Y.  Jetten  V.  Ettema  J.  Lombardo  L. 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(2):1813-1844

Natural Hazards - Urban flood hazard model needs rainfall with high spatial and temporal resolutions for flood hazard analysis to better simulate flood dynamics in complex urban...  相似文献   

Development of a New Empirical Relation to Assess P-wave Velocity Anisotropy of Rocks     

Moomivand  Hassan  Moomivand  Hussamuddin  Nikrouz  Ramin  Azad  Rashid 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(3):1537-1550

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Several physical parameters and anisotropy related to rock textural arrangements, schistosity and weakness planes such as cracks and joints affect the...  相似文献   

Development of Rapid Consolidation Equipment for Cohesive Soil   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Khairul Anuar Kassim  Ahmad Safuan A. Rashid  Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh  Chong Siaw Yah  Lam Chee Siang  Norhazilan Mohd Noor  Hossein Moayedi 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2015,33(1):167-174

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Seismic hazard and probability assessment of Kashmir valley,northwest Himalaya,India     

Rakesh Chandra  Javid Ahmad Dar  Shakil Ahmad Romshoo  Irfan Rashid  Imtiyaz A. Parvez  Sareer Ahmad Mir  Midhat Fayaz 《Natural Hazards》2018,93(3):1451-1477

Seismic hazard analysis of the northwest Himalayan belt was carried out by using extreme value theory (EVT). The rate of seismicity (a value) and recurrence intervals with the given earthquake magnitude (b value) was calculated from the observed data using Gutenberg–Richter Law. The statistical evaluation of 12,125 events from 1902 to 2017 shows the increasing trend in their inter-arrival times. The frequency–magnitude relation exhibits a linear downslope trend with negative slope of 0.8277 and positive intercept of 4.6977. The empirical results showed that the annual risk probability of high magnitude earthquake M?≥?7.7 in 50 years is 88% with recurrence period of 47 years, probability of M?≤?7.5 in 50 years is 97% with recurrence period of 27 years, and probability of M?≤?6.5 in 50 years is 100% with recurrence period of 4 years. Kashmir valley, located in the NW Himalaya, encompasses a peculiar tectonic and structural setup. The patterns of the present and historical seismicity records of the valley suggest a long-term strain accumulation along NNW and SSE extensions with the decline in the seismic gap, posing a potential threat of earthquakes in the future. The Kashmir valley is characterized by the typical lithological, tectono-geomorphic, geotechnical, hydrogeological and socioeconomic settings that augment the earthquake vulnerability associated with the seismicity of the region. The cumulative impact of the various influencing parameters therefore exacerbates the seismic hazard risk of the valley to future earthquake events.  相似文献   

Earthquake analysis results at the Iraq-Iran border     

Ahlam Rashid Khekan 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):259-259

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Sustainability of deep-sea fisheries   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Elliott A. Norse  Sandra BrookeWilliam W.L. Cheung  Malcolm R. ClarkIvar Ekeland  Rainer FroeseKristina M. Gjerde  Richard L. HaedrichSelina S. Heppell  Telmo Morato  Lance E. MorganDaniel Pauly  Rashid SumailaReg Watson 《Marine Policy》2012,36(2):307-320

As coastal fisheries around the world have collapsed, industrial fishing has spread seaward and deeper in pursuit of the last economically attractive concentrations of fishable biomass. For a seafood-hungry world depending on the oceans' ecosystem services, it is crucial to know whether deep-sea fisheries can be sustainable.The deep sea is by far the largest but least productive part of the oceans, although in very limited places fish biomass can be very high. Most deep-sea fishes have life histories giving them far less population resilience/productivity than shallow-water fishes, and could be fished sustainably only at very low catch rates if population resilience were the sole consideration. But like old-growth trees and great whales, their biomass makes them tempting targets while their low productivity creates strong economic incentive to liquidate their populations rather than exploiting them sustainably (Clark's Law). Many deep-sea fisheries use bottom trawls, which often have high impacts on nontarget fishes (e.g., sharks) and invertebrates (e.g., corals), and can often proceed only because they receive massive government subsidies. The combination of very low target population productivity, nonselective fishing gear, economics that favor population liquidation and a very weak regulatory regime makes deep-sea fisheries unsustainable with very few exceptions. Rather, deep-sea fisheries more closely resemble mining operations that serially eliminate fishable populations and move on.Instead of mining fish from the least-suitable places on Earth, an ecologically and economically preferable strategy would be rebuilding and sustainably fishing resilient populations in the most suitable places, namely shallower and more productive marine ecosystems that are closer to markets.  相似文献   

Observations of Antarctic precipitable water vapor and its response to the solar activity based on GPS sensing     

Wayan Suparta  Zainol Abidin Abdul Rashid  Mohd. Alauddin Mohd. Ali  Baharudin Yatim  Grahame J. Fraser 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2008,70(11-12):1419-1447

Predicting global climate change is a great challenge and must be based on a thorough understanding of how the climate system components behave. Precipitable water vapor (PWV) is one of the key components in determining and predicting the global climate system. It is well known that the local surface temperature and pressure have a direct influence on the production of PWV. However, the influence of solar activity on atmospheric dynamics and their physical mechanisms is still an open debate, where past studies are focused at mid-latitude regions. A new method of determining and quantifying the solar influence on PWV based on GPS observations to correlate the GPS PWV and total electron content (TEC) variations is proposed. Observed data from Scott Base (SBA) and McMurdo (MCM) stations from 2003 to 2005 have been used to study the response of PWV to solar activity. In the analysis, the effects of local conditions (wind speed and relative humidity) on the distribution of PWV are investigated. Results show significant correlation between PWV and solar activity for four geomagnetic storms, with correlation coefficients of 0.74, 0.77, 0.64 and 0.69, which are all significant at the 95% confidence level. There was no significant correlation between TEC and PWV changes during the absence of storms. On a monthly analysis, a strong relationship exists between PWV and TEC during storm-affected days, with correlation coefficients of 0.83 and 0.89 (99% confidence level) for SBA and MCM respectively. These indicate a statistically significant seasonal signal in the Antarctic region, which is very active (higher) during the summer and inactive (lower) for the winter periods.  相似文献   

Contamination of diuron in coastal waters around Malaysian Peninsular     

Hassan Rashid Ali  Marinah Mohd Arifin  Mohammed Ali Sheikh  Noor Azhar Mohamed Shazili  Said Suleiman Bakari  Zainudin Bachok 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

The use of antifouling paints to the boats and ships is one among the threats facing coastal resources including coral reefs in recent decades. This study reports the current contamination status of diuron and its behaviour in the coastal waters of Malaysia. The maximum concentration of diuron was 285 ng/L detected at Johor port. All samples from Redang and Bidong coral reef islands were contaminated with diuron. Temporal variation showed relatively high concentrations but no significant difference (P > 0.05) during November and January (North-East monsoon) in Klang ports (North, South and West), while higher levels of diuron were detected during April, 2012 (Inter monsoon) in Kemaman, and Johor port. Although no site has shown concentration above maximum permissible concentration (430 ng/L) as restricted by the Dutch Authorities, however, long term exposure studies for environmental relevance levels of diuron around coastal areas should be given a priority in the future.  相似文献   

GIS技术在城市地下水重金属浓度识别与分级中的应用（英文）     

Sobia Ashraf  Farhat Abbas  Muhammad Ibrahim  Umer Rashid  Shoaib Khalid  Hammad Raza Ahmad  Khalid Rehman Hakeem  Tahir Majeed 《地理学报(英文版)》2015,(2):225-235

Groundwater is the most appropriate and widely used source of drinking water,which is increasingly threatened by pollution from industrial and agricultural activities.To check the severity of the problem,156 groundwater samples were collected from various depths(60-110 ft) of 52 different localities in Faisalabad city,the third largest metropolis in Pakistan,and analyzed for the metals(Zn,Cu,Cd,Ni,Pb,Mn and Fe) concentration in 2009.Quantification was done by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer technique and the results were compared with WHO standards for drinking water quality.Results showed that the levels of Cu,Mn and Fe were below the WHO standards while the concentrations of Zn,Cd,Ni and Pb were above the recommended levels of safe drinking water.Correlation analysis among the occurrence of these heavy metals revealed a highly significant and positive correlation of Mn with Zn and Fe.A significant and positive correlation of Cd was also found with Cu and groundwater depth showing that there is strong association between Cu-Cd pair and that the Cd concentration varies with depth of groundwater in the study area.Regional patterns of heavy metals occurrence were mapped using Geographical Information System(GIS) for the identification and demarcation of risk areas.The concentration maps may be used by policymakers of the city to mitigate groundwater pollution.  相似文献