中国热带MIS 3气候特征探讨   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

黄镇国  张伟强  江璐明 《第四纪研究》2003,23(1):77-82

本文根据30多个古气候分析实例,探讨中国热带MIS3气候波动的相位特征、变幅特征和周期特征.MIS3为回暖期,曾出现早、晚2个暖期,晚期比早期更暖.MIS3的气候与现今的气候相比较,东部热带以热湿为主,年均温比今高1°～2℃或2°～2.5℃,年降水量比今多700mm或400～500mm;西部热带以凉湿为主,年均温与今相似或约低1.5℃,年降水量比今多700mm左右.MIS3期间出现2个冷-暖-冷的旋回,平均周期为17.5ka,这与岁差周期大体相符.中国热带MIS3的气候波动不仅有万年尺度的地球轨道周期,也有千年尺度的周期,后者与太阳辐射总量本身的变化有关.  相似文献   

中国热带第四纪动物群与气候波动   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄镇国  张伟强 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):488-497

About 70 examples of Quaternary fauna in China‘s tropics are enumerated in this paper. Of which about 40% of the examples can be found even in cooling stages, showing the smaller amplitude of climatic fluctuation during Quaternary. According to the temporal and spatial distribution of tropical faunas, the following characters of climate variation can be evidenced: two main cycles in Early Pleistocene, three main cycles in Middle Pleistocene, two main cycles in Late Pleistocene and Holocene Megathermal. The drop in temperature during the Latest Glacial Period and Neoglaciation has not endangered the existence of tropical faunas. With influence of cooling fluctuation during historical period, some faunas have removed southwards progressively, but disappearance of these animals in China‘s tropics was mainly the result of artificial factors.  相似文献   

Comparison of Different Generation Mechanisms of Free Convection between Two Stations on the Tibetan Plateau     

Lang ZHANG  Yaoming MA  Weiqiang MA  Binbin WANG 《大气科学进展》2018,35(9):1137-1144

Based on high-quality data from eddy covariance measurements at the Qomolangma Monitoring and Research Station for Atmosphere and Environment(QOMS) and the Southeast Tibet Monitoring and Research Station for Environment(SETS),near-ground free convection conditions(FCCs) and their characteristics are investigated. At QOMS, strong thermal effects accompanied by lower wind speeds can easily trigger the occurrence of FCCs. The change of circulation from prevailing katabatic glacier winds to prevailing upslope winds and the oscillation of upslope winds due to cloud cover are the two main causes of decreases in wind speed at QOMS. The analysis of results from SETS shows that the most important trigger mechanism of FCCs is strong solar heating. Turbulence structural analysis using wavelet transform indicates that lowerfrequency turbulence near the ground emerges from the detected FCCs both at QOMS and at SETS. It should be noted that the heterogeneous underlying surface at SETS creates large-scale turbulence during periods without the occurrence of FCCs. Regarding datasets of all seasons, the distribution of FCCs presents different characteristics during monsoonal and non-monsoonal periods.  相似文献   

Earth Summit Mission 2022: Scientific Expedition and Research on Mt. Qomolangma Helps Reveal the Synergy between Westerly Winds and Monsoon and the Resulting Climatic and Environmental Effects     

Yaoming MA  Weiqiang MA  Huaguang DAI  Lei ZHANG  Fanglin SUN  Jinqiang ZHANG  Nan YAO  Jianan HE  Zhixuan BAI  Yuejian XUAN  Yunshuai ZHANG  Yuan YUAN  Chenyi YANG  Weijun SUN  Ping ZHAO  Minghu DING  Kongju ZHU  Jie HU  Bian Bazhuga  Bai Juepingcuo  Zhuo Ma  Ren Qingnima  Suo Langwangdui  Yang Zong  Haikun WEN 《大气科学进展》2023,40(2):187-193

“Earth summit mission 2022” is one of the landmark scientific research activities of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP). This scientific expedition firstly used advanced technology and methods to detect vertical meteorological elements and produce forecasts for mountain climbing. The “Earth summit mission 2022”Qomolangma scientific expedition exceeded an altitude of over 8000 meters for the first time and carried out a comprehensive scientific investigation missi...  相似文献   

南极普里兹湾及邻近海域二氧化碳的分布及其海气通量          下载免费PDF全文

张远辉  黄宣宝  王伟强 《极地研究》1997,9(2):79-83

本文根据１９９１年１２月至１９９２年１月在普里兹湾及其邻近海域所作的现场观测，采用红外分析法测定了表层水和大气ＣＯ２分压，结果表明，表层水ＰＣＯ２的分布大致呈近岸低、远岸高的特征，其分布变化主要受生物活动控制。利用通量计算模式，估算出ＣＯ２在调查海域的平均海－气通量为－７１．９ｇ／（ｍ２ａ），通量的可能误差主要来自与风速有关的交换系数。  相似文献   

新丰江余震震群的“应力窗口”效应与华南地区的地震活动     

蒋维强 《华南地震》1991,11(4):35-38

本文取1962至1990年12月广东省新丰江地震的余震序列资料，从应变释放的角度定量地分析新丰江的余震活动特点以及与华南地区中强地震活动的关系，并与理论分析结果对比。发现新丰江地震的余震应变释放过程具有4次明显的应变异常增加，而且，从新丰江地震以来，华南地区发生的所有5.0以上中强地震都与新丰江余震应变释放的明显异常增加相“联系”，新丰江余震震群的出现是华南地区构造应力场增强的背景下余震区应力加强的效应，可以起到监视华南地区5.0级以上中强地震的“应力窗口”作用。从1986年以来，新丰江地区的余震活动有所加强，其应变释放明显增加，表明华南地区的构造应力场在加强，其地震活动可能达到较高的水平。  相似文献   

Modeling the influence of land surface flux on the regional climate of the Tibetan Plateau     

Weiqiang Ma  Yaoming Ma 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2016,125(1-2):45-52

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Determination of source parameters of small earthquakes in the east part of Guandong and south part of Fujian Province     

Jizeng Lin  Weiqiang Jiang  Youming Li  Shanghong Liang 《地震学报(英文版)》1992,5(3):469-480

Determination of source parameters of small earthquakes from amplitude ratios of and is studied in this paper when the distribution of the regional seismic network is skew to the earthquakes. The distribution of stations of the seismic network was to one side of the 17 earthquakes chosen from among 39 earthquakes in the east part of Guangdong and south part of Fujiang Province. The distribution of stations was classified into three types according to their relative positions with respect to the chosen earthquakes and the experiments of artificial data were done. Excellent results were also presented in various unfavourable conditions by using the method. As to the 39 small earthquakes recorded by the network in east Guangdong and south Fujian Province from 1982 to 1986, the results can be summarized as follows: Most of the fault planes of the earthquakes apear to be steep. Most of the principal compression stressesP and tensile stressesT are nearly horizontal, concentrating in the WNW-ESE direction. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinia,13, 420–429, 1991.  相似文献   

"山竹"(1822)台风外围佛山强龙卷天气过程观测分析          下载免费PDF全文

植江玲  张伟强  黄先香 《气象与减灾研究》2019,42(4):251-260

利用地面气象观测、多普勒天气雷达、风廓线雷达及现场灾调等资料,对2018年9月17日上午发生在佛山的"山竹"台风(1822)外围强龙卷天气过程进行分析。结果表明:龙卷发生在台风登陆后前进方向右前侧的东北象限,强度为EF2级。低层急流汇合与高层辐散相互配合提供了有利的环流背景,环境场表现为中等偏弱的对流有效位能、弱的对流抑制能量、低的抬升凝结高度、大的风暴相对螺旋度和0—1 km强垂直风切变等特征。地面气象要素受龙卷影响表现出明显的信号,龙卷过境前后单站气压降低/升高明显,风向出现明显气旋式旋转。产生龙卷的风暴为低质心微超级单体,龙卷出现在雷达钩状回波的弱回波区附近,雷达低仰角速度图上出现强中气旋和龙卷涡旋特征,中气旋尺度小、伸展高度低,且在龙卷发生前其最强切变突然增强。当环境条件有利时,在台风龙卷的高发区,当雷达低仰角速度图上出现中等强度以上中气旋,且底高在1 km以下时,可以考虑发布龙卷预警。  相似文献   

世界大洋中绝热运动导致的纬向翻转环流和纬向热输送     

谭伟  黄瑞新  王卫强  王鑫 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(11):80-91

Zonal overturning circulation(ZOC) and its associated zonal heat flux(ZHF) are important components of the oceanic circulation and climate system, although these conceptions have not received adequate attentions.Heaving induced by inter-annual and decadal wind stress perturbations can give rise to anomalous ZOC and ZHF.Based on a simple reduced gravity model, the anomalous ZOC and ZHF induced by idealized heaving modes in the world oceans are studied. For example, in a Pacific-like model basin intensified equatorial easterly on decadal time scales can lead to a negative ZOC with a non-negligible magnitude(–0.3×106 m3/s) and a considerable westward ZHF with an amplitude of –11.2 TW. Thus, anomalous ZOC and ZHF may consist of a major part of climate signals on decadal time scales and thus play an important role in the oceanic circulation and climate change.  相似文献