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21.
地球系统科学数据共享研究与实践 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
分布式、异构科学数据的整合集成与"一站式"共享服务是科学数据共享的关键和难点。首先,提出"创建地球系统科学数据共享联盟,共建、共享"的分散数据资源整合理念和按"总中心-分中心-数据资源点"三个层次的整合架构,然后,在组织模式上保障分布式数据资源的有效整合。即通过"元数据集中管理,数据体分散存储"的策略,从技术上保障分布式数据资源的快速整合。针对地球系统科学不同学科数据资源的特性,设计了地球系统科学数据核心元数据标准及扩展方案,利用MVC(元数据标准模型-显示视图-操作函数)模式实现多标准地学元数据的统一管理和自适应显示。最终,研究面向SOA的分布式地球系统科学数据共享平台,通过"一个总中心,认证中心和若干个分中心",形成物理上分布、逻辑上统一的分布式服务网络,从而为用户提供"一站式"的数据共享服务。 相似文献
22.
模拟湖泊系统构建了"沉积物-水-苦草(Vallisneria natans)"系统,应用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)法测定在沉水植物苦草不同生长时期沉积物表层微生物群落结构的变化,探讨沉水植物对沉积物中的微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明,从苦草生长初期到旺盛期再到衰亡期,沉积物中有机质含量先下降后上升;总磷、有机磷、无机磷分别下降了8.97%、7.81%、10.28%;沉积物微生物的活性与总磷呈极显著负相关,在苦草生长初期和旺盛期,实验组的沉积物微生物活性大于对照组,而在衰亡期对照组的沉积物微生物活性略高于实验组;不同时期沉积物中微生物群落结构发生了明显变化,组成结构差异显著,微生物组成中细菌占主要成分(占微生物总量的76%~84%);细菌中革兰氏阳性菌占主要优势,且革兰氏阳性菌百分含量随苦草生长呈上升趋势,革兰氏阴性菌呈下降趋势;真菌的百分含量呈上升趋势. 相似文献
23.
伊犁河谷不同植被带下土壤有机碳分布 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
结合2008年和2009年野外实地调查与室内分析的资料,运用方差分析等方法对伊犁河谷高山草甸、草甸草原、典型草原、荒漠草原、温性针叶林等9种不同植被条件下的土壤有机碳含量分布及其储量进行了分析估算.研究结果表明:伊犁河谷土壤有机碳含量因植被类型变化而不同.在0～50 cm土层范围,高山草甸、草甸草原土壤有机碳含量较高,其次是温性针叶林和典型草原,含量最低的是隐域植被和荒漠植被土壤.除隐域植被外,各植被类型下土壤有机碳含最基本呈随着土层深度增加而降低的,变化趋势.有机碳密度同样是高山草甸、草甸草原和温性针叶林土壤有机碳密度较高且比较相近,荒漠植被下土壤有机碳密度最低.伊犁河谷草地表层土壤有机碳含量高、密度大,因此应重视对伊犁河谷草地的保护,尤其要保护草地表层土壤以降低浅层土壤有机碳发生变化的可能性,维护土壤碳库的稳定性. 相似文献
24.
We analyzed and estimated the distribution and reserves of soil organic carbon under nine different vegetation conditions
including alpine meadow, meadow steppe, typical steppe, desert steppe, and temperate coniferous forest and so on, in the Ili
River valley, Xinjiang according to data from field investigations and laboratory analyses in 2008 and 2009. The study results
show that the soil organic carbon content in the Ili River valley varies with the type of vegetation. In the 0–50 cm soil
horizon, the soil organic carbon content is the highest under the vegetation types of alpine meadow and meadow steppe, slightly
lower under temperate coniferous forest and typical steppe, and the lowest under the intrazonal vegetation and desert vegetation
types. The soil organic carbon content shows basically a tendency to decrease as soil depth increases under various vegetation
types except in the case of the intrazonal vegetation. Similarly, the soil organic carbon density is the highest and varies
little under the vegetation types of alpine meadow, meadow steppe and temperate coniferous forest, and is the lowest under
the desert vegetation type. Both the soil organic carbon content and density in the topsoil of meadows in the Ili River valley
are high, so protecting meadows in the Ili River valley, and especially their topsoil, should be a priority so that the potential
of change in soil organic carbon in the shallow soil horizon is reduced, and this means maintenance of the stability of the
soil carbon pool. 相似文献
25.
Analysis on the ecological benefits of the stream water conveyance to the dried-up river of the lower reaches of Tarim River,China 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：25
CHEN Yaning ZHANG Xiaolei ZHU Xiangmin LI Weihong ZHANG Yuanming XU Hailiang ZHANG Hongfeng & CHEN Yapeng .Xinjiang Institute of Ecology Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China .Management Beureau od Tarim River Basin Kurle China Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Yaning 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(11):1053-1064
Water is the foundation of the composition, de-velopment and stability of the oasis ecosystems in thearid areas, and is the key ecological factor in the aridareas. The study results showed that in the arid areasthe biological process is weak, the biological ecosys-tems are small in scale and low in stability[1— . So the 9]growth of the natural vegetation is directly influencedby the change of groundwater level, leading to thedegradation of ecosystem[10,11]. Analysis on the rela-tionship betwe… 相似文献
26.
In this case study, the diurnal courses of gas exchange in Populus euphratica at different groundwater depths in the lower reaches of Tarim River were investigated to understand the effects of soil hydrology on photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) of vegetation in arid desert area. It was found that the photosynthetic rate (P N) was not sensitive to the change of groundwater depth (GD) within the range of 4.2?C6.8?m. Compared to stomatal conductance (g s) and transpiration rate (E) of P. euphratica grown at GD 4.2, 5.6 and 5.8?m, g s and E at GD 6.8?m both markedly declined in June, suggesting that P. euphratica at deeper GD can avoid overall water loss by stomatal adjustment. The intrinsic water use efficiency of P. euphratica first decreases with the increasing GD, but when GD increased to 6.8?m, intrinsic WUE increased by 1.2?C2.2 fold, compared with the WUE of P. euphratica at GD 4.2?C5.8?m, indicating that intrinsic WUE of P. euphratica will increase when the plant suffers from moderate drought stress. 相似文献
27.
采用产业经济学、计量经济学、统计学中的相关方法,对伊犁河谷1956-2008年期间产业结构演进的特征进行了定量评价,并针对伊犁河谷产业结构演进的三个阶段及其特征进行了研究.利用指标计算分析了三次产业及其内部结构、就业产业结构、产业结构升级转换等层面的动态演进过程,然后运用偏离-份额分析法计算了1956-1978年、1979-1992年和1993-2008年三个代表时段产业结构演进的数量特征.结果表明,伊犁河谷产业结构演进特征具有以下特点:1.一产比重一直呈现明显的下降趋势,二产业比重总体上处于上升趋势,第三产业比第二产业上升快,但内部结构不合理;2.产业结构和就业结构发展表现出极强的不均衡性;3.产业结构转换速度逐渐变缓,特别是1993年以后,随着经济活动日趋正常化、规模化、成熟化,产业结构转换速度相对较小;4.产业结构一直是靠着传统的农牧业在发展演进,落后的工业和不发达的第三产业严重制约着伊犁河谷产业结构的演进. 相似文献
28.
下庄热液铀矿田位于贵东印支-燕山复式花岗岩体的东部,主要有北西西、北北东和北东-北东东向3组断裂。在前人工作的基础上,论文着重对断裂构造进行了野外考察和显微构造分析,初步查明了不同方向断裂自印支期以来的活动历史、性质以及所反映的区域应力场。运用花岗岩的原地重熔原理,提出了下庄铀矿田构造控矿规律。北西西向断裂由晚侏罗世剪切发展成早白垩世追踪张性活动,主要控制辉绿岩浆侵入,晚白垩世时转化为压性,形成北西西向挤压破碎带。北北东向断裂由晚侏罗世剪切发展成早白垩世张剪性活动,控制了粗、细晶石英脉及多种蚀变分布,早白垩世晚期发生了韧性剪切变形,晚白垩世时部分北北东向断裂控制了辉绿岩浆侵入。北东-北东东向构造侏罗纪主要发生褶皱、逆冲,早白垩世主要为左旋压剪活动,晚白垩世转化为拉张,控制了晚白垩世红盆发育。早、晚白垩世之交,主压应力方向由北西 南东转化为北东 南西。贵东岩体经印支、燕山早、中期的多次重熔,为铀的活化迁移及富集成矿准备了良好的前提条件。早、晚白垩世两次铀矿化,与花岗岩层的两次重熔相关。重熔界面上升时,花岗岩层熔化,断裂切割深度小,构成了岩浆热液的通道;重熔界面下降时,花岗岩层固结,断裂深切至重熔层下方,成为基性岩浆上侵的通道。北西西向断裂拉张强度大,是基性岩浆的主要通道,北东-北东东向断裂规模较小,构成容矿构造,而北北东向断裂规模较大,在早、晚白垩世主要作张剪性活动,构成含矿热液主要运移通道,是下庄矿田重要的导矿构造。沿北北东向断裂向上运移的含矿热液遇到北西西向基性岩脉时,铀被还原而富集,含矿热液进入北东-北东东向断裂时,铀被“拥堵”而滞留,两者均是成矿的有利部位。层状花岗岩+“成矿壳层”+断裂构造,是下庄铀矿田下一步“攻深找盲”的思路。 相似文献
29.
为了更加客观地了解煤系烃源岩的生气性能,采用半开放体系对塔里木盆地库车坳陷侏罗纪煤、碳质泥岩和煤系泥岩3种等变质煤系烃源岩样品进行了生气热模拟实验。实验结果表明:侏罗纪煤、碳质泥岩和煤系泥岩均具有良好的生气性,但其生气性存在一定的差异,煤和碳质泥岩的生气性要好于煤系泥岩;随着热演化程度的增加,这3种煤系烃源岩生气总产率(C1-5)也相应增加,在高演化阶段时主要产甲烷;煤系烃源岩热解气组分的碳同位素值和热解温度有关,随着热解温度升高,甲烷碳同位素值先降低后增大,乙烷碳同位素值一直增大,且在同一温度点有δ13C1<δ13C2的特征。 相似文献
30.
As the main greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) has been under intensive studied in the last two decades. This paper addresses the research that whether the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for CO2 emissions exists in G20 group—an international forum for governments and central banks from 19 countries and European Union. To analyze the studied relationship thoroughly, other four explanatory variables—two trade openness terms, the ratio of secondary industry value-added to GDP and population density—are employed to investigate whether they have any influences on the existence and shapes of EKC. In the empirical study, two multinational panel data sets covering the periods between 1960 and 2010 (50 years) and between 1990 and 2010 (20 years) are utilized, and the panel data fixed effects and generalized method of moments estimators are employed. The estimation results indicate that the EKC indeed exists in the G20 members as a whole. To investigate whether the existence of EKC depends on the level of economic growth, the G20 countries are further divided into two subgroups: developed and developing countries. Although the estimation results suggest that there exists EKC in developing countries during both 20- and 50-year period, there is no persuasive evidence to prove the existence of EKC in developed countries during the 20-year period. For the time periods we studied, most developed countries have seen relatively stable or even decreasing CO2 emissions, while for the majority of the developing countries, the peak of CO2 emissions could not be reached in the near future. 相似文献