双层直立圆弧型防波堤上绕射波浪力的解析计算     

翟振峰  黄华  詹杰民  张敖 《海洋科学》2018,42(8):62-70

基于微幅波绕射理论,应用特征函数展开法,推导了双层直立圆弧型透空防波堤的波浪绕射解析解,从而将已有的比例边界有限元法拓展为解析算法,并据此对外层与内层防波堤所受波浪载荷进行了解析计算。计算结果表明:应用本文方法对直立透空圆环柱的绕射波浪载荷进行验证计算,所得结果与现有的解析解完全吻合,说明方法可靠。双层堤较单层堤能更有效地减弱波浪作用。波浪的入射角度和特征参数、防波堤张角与半径、防波堤透空系数以及水深等因素的相对变化对双层堤的波浪作用均存在一定影响。  相似文献   

The effects of slope shape and polyacrylamide application on runoff,erosion and nutrient loss from hillslopes under simulated rainfall     

Chang Ao  Wenzhi Zeng  Peiling Yang  Weimin Xing  Guoqing Lei  Jingwei Wu  Jiesheng Huang 《水文研究》2021,35(4):e14130

Natural hillslopes are mostly composed of complex slope shapes, which significantly affect soil erosion. However, existing studies have mainly focused on uniform slopes to simplify complex hillslopes, and the mechanisms responsible for the influence of slope shape on soil and nutrient losses are still not well understood, especially in the application of soil improvers to reduce soil loss. To investigate the effects of slope shape and polyacrylamide (PAM) application on runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss, this study conducted artificial field rainfall experiments involving two PAM application rates and nine slope shapes. The results indicate that the average amount of soil loss from convex slopes was 1.5 and 1.3 times greater than that from concave and uniform slopes, respectively, and the average amount of ammonia nitrogen loss and phosphate loss increased by 24.0%–58.6%. Soil and nutrient losses increased as the convexity of the convex slopes increased. For runoff, there was little difference between concave and convex slopes, but the runoff amount for both slopes was greater than that for uniform slopes. After PAM application, the soil loss decreased by more than 90%, and the nutrient loss decreased by 28.2%–68.1%. The application of PAM was most effective in reducing soil erosion and nutrient loss from convex slopes, and it is recommended to appropriately increase the PAM application rate for convex slopes. A strong linear relationship between ammonia nitrogen and phosphate concentrations and sediment concentrations was found in the runoff on slopes with no PAM application. However, this linear relationship weakened for slopes with PAM application. The findings of this study may be valuable for optimizing nonpoint source pollution management in basins.  相似文献   

Development of Synthetic Clinopyroxene Reference Materials for In Situ Lithium Isotope Measurement by LA-MC-ICP-MS     

Ao Yang  Jie Lin  Yongsheng Liu  Zhenyi Liu  Ran Lin  Kexin Deng  Zhaochu Hu 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(3):535-546

The isotopic composition of lithium (Li) in clinopyroxene (Cpx), determined via in situ micro-analysis, has been employed as a potential geochemical tool for studying various geological processes such as crust-mantle recycling, silicate weathering and fluid-rock interaction. To obtain precise and accurate Li isotopic compositions in Cpx by LA-MC-ICP-MS, synthetic Cpx matrix-matched reference materials (RMs) were prepared in this study. Six Cpx-matrix RMs were prepared by mixing metallic oxides with GSP-2 (granodiorite) or pure L-SVEC solution and melting them into glasses (GSP-2 + oxide; L-SVEC + oxide). Two representative synthetic glasses, CPXA01 and CPXB01, were subjected to a series of analyses to investigate the possible qualification of the RMs for in situ Li isotope measurement by LA-MC-ICP-MS, including elemental homogeneity analysis (elemental mapping analysis and spot analysis), Li isotopic homogeneity analysis and accurate Li isotopic determination. The applicability of the synthetic Cpx-matrix RMs was highlighted by comparing the δ⁷Li values of three natural Cpx calibrated against the synthetic Cpx-matrix RMs and other commonly used RMs with different matrices (NIST SRM 612, BCR-2G, GOR128-G, StHs6/80-G, KL2-G and T1-G), respectively. Additionally, CPXB01-05 RMs with the same matrix but different Li contents were prepared to explore the Li content mismatch effect, which is significant for accurate determination of in situ Li isotopic composition by LA-MC-ICP-MS. The results of the cross-calibration of Li isotopes in CPXA01 and CPXB01 suggested no obvious Li isotopic fractionation between the two types of glasses (GSP-2 + oxide; L-SVEC + oxide). Thus, the two methods of producing Cpx-matrix RMs are suitable for preparing the matrix-matched RMs for in situ microanalysis for Li isotopes.  相似文献   

湖北省咸宁汀泗桥—官塘驿镇一带发现资源丰富的锶矿泉水          下载免费PDF全文

杨艳林  靖晶  邵长生  路韬  张傲 《中国地质》2021,48(5):1661-1662

  相似文献   

自动气象站风速传感器自动化检定系统设计与实现   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

敖振浪  李国森 《气象科技》2007,35(3):429-431

主要介绍了如何对省、市气象计量检定部门原来配置的500型风洞检定系统进行升级改造。总体方案和设计思想是以计算机为核心,开发研制数据采集器和电机控制电路将检定过程中的物理量全部数字化,计算机从采集器的串行异步口读人数据,实现自动气象站风速传感器室内检定过程全自动化,同时具备常规测风仪器的半自动检定能力。检定数据传入局域网服务器,实现数据远程处理、打印和共享。软件基于Windows平台,采用VB6．0编写。系统已成功投入使用,一年多的检定实践证明,该系统运行稳定可靠,使用方便,操作简单,计划在全国气象计量检定单位推广应用。  相似文献   

新疆哈密土屋铜矿床地质和地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩春明  肖文交  潘成泽  李月臣  颜启明  曲军峰  敖松坚  张继恩  郭谦谦  马冲  万博 《地质科学》2010,45(2):537-550

土屋铜矿床是我国近年来发现的特大型斑岩铜矿床,其独特矿床地质背景和矿床规模已经引起国内外地质学界和矿业界的广泛关注;本文详细叙述该矿床的地质背景,对矿床的地质、地球化学特征进行系统研究和总结,对矿床的成矿作用动力学过程进行探讨。研究表明,该矿床成矿物质具有深部来源特征,而岩浆在侵位过程中受到上地壳物质一定程度的混染;成矿流体以岩浆水为主,天水和岩浆水的混合仅为少量;石英流体包裹体均一温度较低,但盐度较高;含矿斑岩体是多次脉动式侵位的,成岩时代主要集中于早石炭世(367～358 Ma);成矿时代为晚于成岩时代(347.3±2.1 Ma～322.7±3 Ma)。  相似文献   

Groundwater discharge to the Changjiang River, China, during the drought season of 2006: effects of the extreme drought and the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam     

Zhi-jun Dai  Jin-zhou Du  Ao Chu  Jiu-fa Li  Ji-yu Chen  Xiao-ling Zhang 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(2):359-369

Groundwater can play an important role in the compensation of runoff reduction due to extreme climate events such as droughts, as well as in response to anthropogenic actions such as the construction of a dam. The increase in ²²⁶Ra specific activity and the runoff from September to December in 2006 is used to estimate the total discharge of groundwater along the mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River. The total groundwater discharge was found to account for 31% of the increased discharge between Yichang and Datong. The groundwater discharge to lakes (i.e. Dongting Lake) constituted the major contribution of groundwater discharge to the mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River. More importantly, the second impounding operation of the Three Gorges Dam from 20 September to 27 October 2006 induced a water level decrease in surrounding lakes and rivers, which led to an additional groundwater discharge of 63.3?×?10⁸?m³, accounting for 85% of the total groundwater discharge in the same period. Taken together, these observations indicate that groundwater discharge along the mid-lower reaches plays an important role in maintaining stream flow in the drought season, especially in extreme drought years or in response to human activities.  相似文献   

共存镉/铜对沉积物(生物膜)中主要组分吸附阿特拉津的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李鱼  李娟  高茜  王岙 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2010,40(6):1435-1440,1455

采用选择性萃取分离技术对沉积物(生物膜)中非残渣态组分(铁、锰氧化物和有机质)进行分离,研究阿特拉津(atrazine,AT)-Cd-Cu系中共存重金属对选择性萃取前后沉积物(生物膜)吸附AT的影响.研究结果表明:共存体系中,沉积物(生物膜)中铁氧化物对AT的吸附贡献最大,其次是有机质,而锰氧化物则抑制AT的吸附;共存镉促进了AT在沉积物(生物膜)原样及各非残渣态组分上的吸附,镉质量浓度为0.2 mg/L时,促进作用最显著,各组分对阿特拉津的吸附贡献增加了3.20%～32.31%(沉积物)和1.61%～17.10%(生物膜),但随镉质量浓度的增加,其促进作用减弱;共存铜抑制沉积物(生物膜)原样及铁氧化物、有机质对AT的吸附,铜质量浓度为75.0 mg/L时,其抑制作用最强,铁氧化物和有机质对阿特拉津的吸附贡献分别降低了29.21%、22.36%(沉积物)和9.46%、77.27%(生物膜),但同时减弱了锰氧化物对AT吸附的抑制作用,其吸附贡献分别提高了28.98%(沉积物)和17.46%(生物膜).  相似文献   

Decadal change in factors affecting winter precipitation over eastern China     

Juan Ao  Jianqi Sun 《Climate Dynamics》2016,46(1-2):111-121

  相似文献   

新疆及其邻区的地震窗前兆与短期地震预报   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

敖雪明  王桂岭 《内陆地震》1993,7(2):121-127

根据新疆及毗邻的独联体部分国家区域台网微震观测记录,通过普查与统计检验,筛选出22个具有较高短期预报效能的地震窗。较系统地研究了地震窗小震月频度的前兆特征及其用于短期地震预报的判据指标,着重介绍了近两年新疆与独联体科技合作的最新成果,同时给出若干成功预报震例,并对所得结果的可能物理机制等问题进行了讨论。  相似文献