鄂尔多斯盆地中及上三叠统延长组沉积相与油气勘探的突破   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

邓秀芹  付金华  姚泾利  庞锦莲  孙勃 《古地理学报》2011,13(4):443-455

鄂尔多斯盆地位于中国的中西部,跨陕、甘、宁、蒙、晋5省区,盆地本部面积25万km2.中及上三叠统延长组在盆地内广为展布,厚逾千米,发育冲积扇、河流、三角洲、湖泊等沉积相,是该地区重要的油气产层.根据盆地腹地100多口井的钻井资料及盆地周边地区的露头资料,以及长庆油田长时期对延长组的油气勘探经验,编制出了鄂尔多斯盆地中及...  相似文献   

层次分析法在新疆卡姆斯特煤矿区煤炭资源评价中的应用     

牛军强  姚彤宝  罗东海 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(7):17-21

卡姆斯特煤矿区煤炭资源储量丰富,但煤田地质工作程度低,勘探开发滞后,已不能适应阿勒泰地区经济发展对矿产开发的需求。为缓解阿勒泰地区煤炭紧缺状况,依据勘探程度、构造复杂程度、煤层露头线及煤层1 000m深部界线等因素圈定三巴斯陶、塔哈拉巴斯塔乌、喀拉萨依等3个含煤远景区作为煤炭资源评价单元,将资源条件、开采技术条件、开发条件和开发效益等影响煤炭资源评价的要素细化为29个评价参数,运用层次分析法（AHP）建立煤炭资源评价模型,构建对比矩阵,确定评价参数权值总排序。根据各评价对象的调查成果,结合专家意见给出各参数隶属度权值,利用乘积法得出评价对象的综合评价隶属度：三巴斯陶为0.627 5,塔哈拉巴斯塔乌为0.700 5,喀拉萨依为0.682 7。根据该结果,认为塔哈拉巴斯塔乌含煤远景区煤炭资源综合条件较好,可作为下一步勘查工作的首选区。  相似文献   

Study on capillary rise from shallow groundwater and critical water table depth of a saline-sodic soil in western Songnen plain of China     

Fan Yang  Guangxin Zhang  Xiongrui Yin  Zhijun Liu  Zhigang Huang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(8):2119-2126

The objective of this study was to develop an empirical equation for estimating the capillary rise in the saline-sodic soil area of Songnen Plain in China based on the Averianov formula. The capillary rise was observed under five controlled groundwater levels by lysimeters. Field experiment results indicated that capillary rise had close relationship with the groundwater table depth, soil moisture of 10–40 cm soil layer and leaf area index. These factors have been taken into account to develop the empirical equation for capillary rise simulation. The model parameters for Songnen Plain were derived by Levenberg–Marquardt and global optimization calculating method. The modeled capillary rise has a good agreement with the observed data (r ² = 0.875). With the simulation model, the critical water table depth was identified as 2.5 m, indicating that soil secondary salinization will not occur when the water table depth is deeper than 2.5 m. Therefore, in the irrigation areas, groundwater table depth should be controlled to be higher than 2.5 m to prevent the occurrence of soil secondary salinization. The results from this research will provide useful information for the water sources management and soil secondary salinization control in Songnen Plain of China, one of the most serious saline-affected areas in the world.  相似文献   

Assessing vegetation dynamics and their relationships with climatic variability in Heilongjiang province, northeast China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Wenbin Liu  Tijiu Cai  Cunyong Ju  Guobin Fu  Yuefeng Yao  Xueqing Cui 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(8):2013-2024

In this study, the vegetation dynamics in Heilongjiang province and their relationships with climate variability were assessed using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and meteorological datasets from 1981 to 2003. The conclusions from our results are as follows: (1) After 1981, vegetation cover, as indicated by the NDVI, exhibited an insignificant increasing tendency. However, the inter-annual variations of the NDVI showed apparent spatial differentiations. (2) The inter-annual changes of the NDVI were different from season to season. The spring and autumn NDVI values increased, while the summer and winter NDVI decreased. (3) The annual NDVI was significantly correlated with precipitation. Thus, as compared to temperature, precipitation was the dominant climatic factor affecting the vegetation dynamics in Heilongjiang province. (4) The trend in the NDVI showed a marked homogeneity corresponding to regional and seasonal variations in climate. Additionally, land use changes also play an important role in influencing the NDVI trends over some regions. All of these findings will enrich our knowledge of the natural forces that impact the stability of boreal ecosystems and provide a scientific basis for the environmental management in Heilongjiang province in response to climate change and human activities.  相似文献   

莱州湾西构造带断裂特征及其对油气成藏的控制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永利  武强  姚长华  王应斌  杨在发 《海洋地质译丛》2011,(1):28-32

受古近纪莱州湾凹陷大规模断陷、郯庐断裂右旋走滑和垦东凸起大规模隆升三方面因素共同作用,莱州湾西构造带断裂系统发育,根据断裂性质及发育规模将断裂划分为3组不同方向的断裂组合,对油气的运移、聚集及保存都产生重要影响。根据莱州湾地区油气成藏规律并结合渤海其他区域近年勘探成果综合分析,莱北1号断层、斜坡区东西向反向正断层和走滑末端雁行式断层三类大规模调节断层对于油气成藏影响作用较大,这三类断层所控制的圈闭也是莱州湾凹陷及围区下一步勘探获得突破的重点区域。  相似文献   

A spectral mixture model analysis of the Kuroshio variability and the water exchange between the Kuroshio and the East China Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋军  薛惠洁  鲍献文  吴德星  柴扉  施磊  姚志刚  王勇智  南峰  万凯 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(2):446-459

For understanding more about the water exchange between the Kuroshio and the East China Sea,We studied the variability of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea(ECS) in the period of 1991 to 2008 using a three-dimensional circulation model,and calculated Kuroshio onshore volume transport in the ECS at the minimum of 0.48 Sv(1 Sv ;106 m3/s) in summer and the maximum of 1.69 Sv in winter.Based on the data of WOA05 and NCEP,The modeled result indicates that the Kuroshio transport east of Taiwan Island decreased since 2000.Lateral movements tended to be stronger at two ends of the Kuroshio in the ECS than that of the middle segment.In addition,we applied a spectral mixture model(SMM) to determine the exchange zone between the Kuroshio and the shelf water of the ECS.The result reveals a significantly negative correlation(coefficient of-0.78) between the area of exchange zone and the Kuroshio onshore transport at 200 m isobath in the ECS.This conclusion brings a new view for the water exchange between the Kuroshio and the East China Sea.Additional to annual and semi-annual signals,intra-seasonal signal of probably the Pacific origin may trigger the events of Kuroshio intrusion and exchange in the ECS.  相似文献   

Temporal stability of Symbiodinium phylotype in scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis from a tropical fringing reef in the South China Sea     

�ܹ�ΰ  ����  ��־��  ����ţ 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(6):1186-1191

Symbiodinium sp. occurs in a symbiotic association with various marine invertebrates, including the scleractinian corals. Understanding the flexibility and specificity in coral-algal symbiosis can have important implications for predicting the future of coral reefs in the era of global climate change. In the present study, we conducted Symbiodinium phylotype analysis, based on polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), in the scleractinian coral, Galaxea fascicularis, from a tropical fringing reef in Hainan Island, over a 1-yr period. Our results showed that Galaxea fascicularis could associate with Symbiodinium clade C and D either individually or simultaneously. However, during the sampling period, the Symbiodinium phylotype did not change significantly in the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis, although the seawater temperature decreased sharply in the winter season. This study further suggests that the shift in Symbiodinium communities in response to seasonally fluctuating environments might not be a universal feature of coral-algal associations.  相似文献   

Estimated reproductive success of brooders and heritability of growth traits for large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) using microsatellites     

���͵�  �����  ��־��  ������  Ҧ���  ���쿭 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(5):990-995

We estimated the reproductive success of adult brood fish and the heritability of growth-related traits for large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). We created two independent full-factorial cross groups (1 and 2) by crossing 4 males×4 females and 4 males×3 females, respectively. We measured the body weight (BW), body length (BL), and body height (BH) of 281 individuals from group 1 and 318 individuals from group 2 at 20 months post hatch (harvest age). We also collected a tissue sample from each individual. The parents and offspring were genotyped using six polymorphic microsatellites. Of the 599 offspring, 99.2% were assigned to a single pair of parents. In both groups, some parent pairs produced a large number of offsprings while other pairs did not produce any offspring. The genetic diversity and putative Ne were lower in the offsprings than in the parents in both groups. The heritability estimates at 20-month age were 0.13±0.10 for BW, 0.19±0.13 for BL, and 0.09±0.06 for BH. The genetic and phenotype correlation between BW, BL, and BH was close to 1. The results provide basic information for selective breeding and further genetic characterization of large yellow croaker.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variations in C₃ and C₄ plant abundance over the Chinese Loess Plateau since the last glacial maximum     

Z. Yao  H. WuM. Liang  X. Shi 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(10):881-889

Stable carbon isotopes of soil organic matter from 12 sites in the southern Chinese Loess Plateau are reviewed to examine spatial and temporal patterns of C₃ and C₄ plants in the arid to semiarid monsoonal region during three key periods - last glacial maximum, mid-Holocene, and modern. We have tentatively corrected the effects of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and precipitation amounts on the δ¹³C endmembers for C₃ plants to reconstruct the relative proportion of C₄ plants because the δ¹³C values of C₃ plants are variable under different CO₂ and climate conditions. The results indicate that C₄ grasses increase from northwest to southeast spatially, which is consistent with present-day increasing precipitation and temperature patterns. This suggests that for a monsoon-dominant arid to semiarid region, such as the Loess Plateau, warm-season rainfall is a primary factor limiting C₄ plants growth, and thus C₄ grasses have been outcompeted by C₃ grasses/shrubs under cold-dry climate conditions. However, temporal fluctuations in atmospheric CO₂ concentration may also affect plant growth through altering water-use efficiency (WUE). Enhanced drought caused by decreased WUE due to low atmospheric CO₂ concentrations during glacial periods, combined with a cold-dry climate, leads to a decline in C₄ grasses, canceling out any advantages gained from lowered atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. To reconstruct accurately the abundance of C₃ and C₄ plants in an ecosystem and explore their controlling factors, process-based vegetation models integrating CO₂ and climatic parameters interactive with plant physiology are necessary.  相似文献   

Evaporative enrichment of oxygen-18 and deuterium in lake waters on the Tibetan Plateau     

Fasong Yuan  Yongwei Sheng  Tandong Yao  Chaojun Fan  Junli Li  Hui Zhao  Yanbin Lei 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2011,46(2):291-307

Stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δD) are useful tracers for investigating hydrologic and climatic variability on a variety of temporal and spatial scales. Since the early isotopic studies on mountainous glaciers in the late 1960s, a great deal of information has been generated on the isotopic composition of rainfall, snow, ice, surface waters, and lake carbonate sediments across the Tibetan Plateau. However, measurements of δ¹⁸O and δD values of lake water are scarce. Here we present a new dataset of δ¹⁸O and δD values of lake waters collected from 27 lakes across the plateau during a reconnaissance survey in summer 2009. δ¹⁸O and δD values of lake water range from −19.9 to 6.6‰ and from −153 to −16‰, respectively. The average values of δ¹⁸O and δD are −6.4 and −72‰, considerably greater than those of precipitation observed in this region. The derived Tibetan lake water line, δD = 5.2δ¹⁸O − 38.9, is significantly different from the global meteoric water line. Most of the lakes, including some freshwater lakes, contain water with negative values of d-excess (d). There is a negative correlation between d and total dissolved solids (TDS). Each of these findings indicates that evaporation-induced isotopic enrichment prevails in Tibetan lakes. Moreover, we develop an isotope modeling scheme to calculate E/P ratios for Tibetan lakes, using a combination of existing isotopic fractionation equations and the Rayleigh distillation model. We use the intersection of the local evaporation line and GMWL as a first approximation of δ¹⁸O and δD values of lake water inputs to infer an E/P ratio for each lake. Our modeling calculations reveal that although variable from lake to lake, the water budget across the plateau is positive, with an average E/P of 0.52. This is in good agreement with other observational and model data that show varying degrees of increases in lake size from satellite imagery and significant decreases in lake salinity in many lakes on the plateau over the last several decades. Together with the new isotopic dataset, the proposed modeling framework can be used to examine and quantify past changes in a lake’s hydrologic balance from the isotopic record of downcore carbonate sediments in the region.  相似文献