Developments of borehole strain observa- tion outside China     

邱泽华  石耀霖 《地震学报(英文版)》2004,17(Z1)

Introduction The Earth′s crust deforms in the regional tectonic stress field. Borehole strain observation isone important means for studies on the crustal deformation and the stress field. QIU and ZHANG(2002) have introduced the current situation of borehole strain observation in China. OutsideChina, early in September of 1968, Sacks of Carnegie Institution of Washington and Evertson ofUniversity of Texas firstly invented a borehole dilatometer in the world (Sacks, Evertson, 197…  相似文献   

黔西南及邻区中-晚三叠世层序地层格架     

肖加飞魏家庸  胡瑞忠 《地质学报》2004,78(5):591-599

在研究了黔西南及邻区中—晚三叠世地层的层序界面特征、地层结构和堆叠型式之后 ,将其划分为 5个沉积层序 ,并描述了层序内各体系域的特点 ,在此基础上 ,通过综合研究已取得的生物地层资料 ,将其与Haq等列出的三叠纪生物地层时带进行对比 ,初步标定了各沉积层序及体系域的界面年龄 (层序 1底界年龄 2 39.4Ma;层序 2底界年龄 2 38Ma;层序 3底界年龄 2 33Ma;层序 4底界年龄 2 2 7Ma,顶界年龄 2 2 3Ma) ,从而建立了本区分辨率较高的中—晚三叠世地层格架。格架中层序地层的组合样式 ,在 2级海平面缓慢下降的背景下 ,受盆地构造沉降的影响较大。当层序处于构造沉降的加速期时 ,呈退积型组合方式 (如层序 1和层序 3) ;而当层序处于构造沉降的平缓期时 ,则呈进积型组合方式 (如层序 2和层序 4 )。  相似文献   

Coal quality assessment—the validity of empirical tests: by Anne M. Carpenter, International Energy Agency, CCC/63, 100 pp., 2002     

Coal quality assessment&#x;the validity of empirical tests 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2004,57(3-4)

  相似文献   

Uplift and subsidence from oblique slip: the Ganos–Marmara bend of the North Anatolian Transform, western Turkey     

L. Seeber  O. Emre  M.-H. Cormier  C.C. Sorlien  C.M.G. McHugh  A. Polonia  N. Ozer  N. Cagatay  The team of the R/V Urania Cruise in the Marmara Sea 《Tectonophysics》2004,391(1-4):239

Bends that locally violate plate-motion-parallel geometry are common structural elements of continental transform faults. We relate the vertical component of crustal motion in the western Marmara Sea region to the NNW-pointing 18° bend on the northern branch of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF-N) between the Ganos segment, which ruptured in 1912, and the central Marmara segment, a seismic gap. Crustal shortening and uplift on the transpressive west side of the bend results in the Ganos Mountain; crustal extension and subsidence on the transtensional east side produce the Tekirdağ Basin. We propose that this vertical component of deformation is controlled by oblique slip on the non-vertical north-dipping Ganos and Tekirdağ segments of the North Anatolian Fault. We compare Holocene with Quaternary structure across the bend using new and recently published data and conclude the following. First, bend-related vertical motion is occurring primarily north of the NAF-N. This suggests that this bend is fixed to the Anatolian side of the fault. Second, current deformation is consistent with an antisymmetric pattern centered at the bend, up on the west and down on the east. Accumulated deformation is shifted to the east along the right-lateral NAF-N, however, leading to locally opposite vertical components of long- and short-term motion. Uplift has started as far west as the landward extension of the Saros trough. Current subsidence is most intense close to the bend and to the Ganos Mountain, while the basin deepens gradually from the bend eastward for 28 km along the fault. The pattern of deformation is time-transgressive if referenced to the material, but is stable if referenced to the bend. The lag between motion and structure implies a 1.1–1.4 Ma age for the basin at current dextral slip rate (2.0–2.5 cm/year). Third, the Tekirdağ is an asymmetric basin progressively tilted down toward the NAF-N, which serves as the border fault. Progressive tilt suggests that the steep northward dip of the fault decreases with depth in a listric geometry at the scale of the upper crust and is consistent with reactivation of Paleogene suture-related thrust faults. Fourth, similar thrust-fault geometry west of the bend can account for the Ganos Mountain anticline/monocline as hanging-wall-block folding and back tilting. Oblique slip on a non-vertical master fault may accommodate transtension and transpression associated with other bends along the NAF and other continental transforms.  相似文献   

Imaging the Dead Sea Transform with scattered seismic waves   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

N. Maercklin  C. Haberland  T. Ryberg  M. Weber  Y. Bartov  the DESERT Group 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,158(1):179-186

  相似文献   

格尔木井水温异常特征及其与地震关系分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

邱鹏程  刘学领  王永刚  白占孝  常振广 《地震地磁观测与研究》2005,(Z1)

简要介绍了格尔木井水温动态观测的环境与条件,在研究正常动态特征和影响因素的基础上,对水温异常的映震关系进行了分析,并成功地进行了一次短临地震趋势预测。探讨了水温异常的形成原因。  相似文献   

Book review     

Impact Cratering Research Group 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2005,69(5):1373

  相似文献   

Glacier outburst floods reconstructed from lake sediments and their implications for Holocene variations of the plateau glacier Folgefonna in western Norway     

Torgeir O. Rthe  Jostein Bakke  Eivind Wilhelm Nagel Stren 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2019,48(3):616-634

A sudden release of large volumes of water during a glacier outburst flood (GLOF) is a major hazard worldwide. Here, we identify the sedimentary signature of glacial and non‐glacial processes, including GLOFs, based on lacustrine sediments from the distal glacier‐fed Lake Buarvatnet in western Norway. Historically documented GLOFs in 2002 CE and during the 1980s CE are identified in the ²¹⁰Pb‐ and ¹⁴C‐dated sediments. These events have the same sedimentary signature as 12 earlier events throughout the Holocene interpreted to represent previous GLOFs in the catchment. The GLOFs are interpreted to have occurred during periods when the glacier extent was similar to the modern positions, and the events are thus used to pinpoint past positions of the glacier terminus and, hence, the equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs). The results indicate that the glacier Svartenutbreen, located at the eastern part of Folgefonna, had a similar size in 2002 CE as c. 8200–8300 cal. a BP, corresponding to the 8.2 ka event in the North Atlantic region. The regrowth of Sørfonna after the Holocene Thermal Optimum occurred at c. 6900 cal. a BP and Svartenutbreen was at modern size and extent in the periods c. 6400, c. 5450, c. 4850, c. 3850, c. 3550 and c. 1650 cal. a BP. Since 1650 cal. a BP, we infer that the glacier was larger than the 2002 CE glacier extent until 1910 CE when a GLOF occurred. Svartenutbreen has been retreating since 1910 CE, which led to the ice damming of the two historical GLOFs in the 1980s and 2002 CE separated by a glacier advance in the 1990s CE. The findings are discussed and compared to other regional glacier reconstructions in Norway, and emphasize the value of identifying and utilizing GLOFs as an indicator of past ELA variability.  相似文献   

The Mathematic Models of the Kalman Filtering for Across-Fault Measurement     

You Lilan  Liu Dajie  Huang Jia'na  Liu Xue  Zhou KechangInstitute of Crustat Dynamics  SSB  Beijing  China Wuhan Technical University of Surveying  Mapping  Wuhan  China National Center for Seismic Data  Inforraanon  SSB  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1994,(3)

This paper makes a probe into the application of the Kalman filtering method to the data processing of across-fault measurements.On the basis of statistical regression,the mathematic and stochastic models of filtration are established by combining the regression method with Kalman filtering.In the filtering computation,not only the randomness of fault movements but also the time-dependent variation of environmental effects have been taken into consideration.By use of the adaptive filtering method,an estimation of the dynamic noise variance matrix is obtained through iteration.Models for one measuring line(leveling line or baseline),two measuring lines(both leveling lines or both baselines)and four measuring lines(two leveling lines and two baselines)are derived and established systematically.By means of these models,the data of across-fault measurements can be processed dynamically in real-time to provide the filtered values of height difference between benchmarks or baseline length at different time in  相似文献   

泥浆体流变试验的比测     

泥浆体流变比测组 《山地学报》1993,(2)

这次泥浆体流变试验的比测使用了五种不同规格的旋转式粘度计,并把其测试结果与毛管式粘度计的测试结果作了对比。对比结果表明:若用旋转式粘度计测试具有非牛顿体特性的泥浆体,应尽可能采用具有转筒半径比(α=外筒半径R_c/内筒半径R_b)较小的测试室;若是用具有α>1.05的测试室测试,所得的数据则应作特殊处理。毛管式、旋转式两种粘度计的测试结果基本一致,并具相仿的精度。测试结果的离散程度超过仪器的测试误差。这有待进一步研究、查明原因。  相似文献