基于深度学习的重力异常与重力梯度异常联合反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志厚  廖晓龙  曹云勇  侯振隆  范祥泰  徐正宣  路润琪  冯涛  姚禹  石泽玉 《地球物理学报》2021,64(4):1435-1452

高效高精度的反演算法在重力大数据时代背景下显得尤为重要,受深度学习卓越的非线性映射能力的启发,本文提出了一种基于深度学习的重力异常及重力梯度异常的联合反演方法.文中首先提出了一种基于网格点几何格架的重力异常及重力梯度异常的空间域快速正演算法,这为本文深度学习反演算法的实现奠定了基础;其次对大量的不同密度模型进行正演计算获得样本数据集;然后设计了一种端到端的深度学习网络结构(GraInvNet),再利用样本数据对该网络结构进行训练;最后进行反演预测.组合模型试验表明,多维度数据联合反演相比单一分量反演其结果更“聚焦”,且与模型边界高度吻合,并且对于复杂模型的姿态与物性预测具有极为显著的优势,以及对于含噪声数据的反演,其质量也不会降低;Vinton岩丘实测重力数据也验证了文中方法的有效性;从而证明了深度学习在重力数据的高效高精度反演方面具有的巨大潜力.  相似文献   

新型局地增长模培育法对两次飑线个例的对流尺度集合预报试验          下载免费PDF全文

李坤  陈超辉  何宏让  马申佳  姜勇强 《大气科学学报》2021,44(4):518-528

利用局地增长模培育法对两次典型飑线过程进行了对流尺度集合预报试验,通过与传统增长模培育法对比,检验了局地增长模培育法的实际预报效果。通过概率匹配平均处理后,将降水预报结果与实况资料进行对比分析,并用分数技巧评分来代替传统公平技巧评分实现对降水结果的合理检验,得出结论:1)在飑线降水预报上,局地增长模培育法优于增长模培育法。2)分数技巧评分比公平技巧评分更好地反映对流尺度集合预报能力,特别是在大暴雨量级降水评估上。3)降水评分结果显示,集合平均对于小雨、中雨和大雨级别降水的预报技巧高于概率匹配平均,概率匹配平均对于暴雨和大暴雨级别降水更有优势。  相似文献   

基于GIS的汶川县地质环境安全综合评价     

汪留洋  ;秦美玉那 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(11):39-45

汶川县内地质构造复杂,新构造运动强烈,地震活动频繁,主要地质环境问题以地质灾害为主,有崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等。在分析区内主要地质环境问题及分布特征的基础上,运用层次分析法（AHP）确定权重,采用模糊综合评判模型、综合指数模型两种方法,对汶川县地质环境安全进行综合评价。详细介绍基于GIS的评价计算流程及评价因子的提取过程。评价结果表明,地质环境对居民生产生活影响的危险等级占比为：危险性低的约占25%,危险性较低的约占20%,危险性较高的约占39%,危险性高的约占16%。对两组权重系数、两个模型下的四个评价结果进行对比分析,结果发现：1两组不同权重系数下,模糊评价法和综合指数法评价结果的双侧检验相关系数依次是0.97、0.98,属于高度显著相关,表示可以忽略人为赋权重对评价结果的主观影响;2两种不同模型下,评价结果的双侧检验相关系数依次是0.895、0.84、0.92、0.914,属于显著相关,表示不同的计算模型一定程度上影响了评价结果的准确性,在评价时要认真研究选择恰当的计算模型。  相似文献   

Application of remote sensing technology in emergency rescue decision about “6·17” Danba River debris flow disaster chain     

TANG Yao  WANG Lijuan  ZHAO Juan  ZHANG Chengxin 《中国地质调查》2014,7(5):114-122

On June 17, 2020, a mudslide occurred in Meilongou of Banshanmen Town, Danba County of Sichuan Province, which blocked Xiaojinchuan River and formed a barrier lake, causing heavy property losses and casualties. In order to grasp the first-hand disaster situation and assist emergency rescue and other disposals, combined with the UAV aerial photography data and post-disaster site survey and other data, the authors used the domestic high-score 2 satellite data as the main data source to carry out the emergency investigation and analytical research of emergency rescue decision about “6.17” Danba River debris flow disaster chain. The results show that the affected population is about 65,000 and the nearest emergency rescue teams are from State Grid Danba County Power Supply Company and China Unicom of Xiaojin Country. Five schools, such as Banshanmen middle school, could be used as temporary resettlement shelters. There are six mining enterprises, one important reservoir and one hydropower station affected by the disaster. The debris flow gully is NE—SE distributed, covering about 142,700 m². And the barrier lake is about 1.03 km², covering 498,000 m². The totally destroyed roadbed and road surface were about 2.1 km and there are 9 suspected disaster hidden dangers in the lower reach. Whats more, 25 residential houses and 5 bridges were damaged by the disaster. Two rescue lifelines with good post-disaster accessibility to the severely affected debris flow areas were chosen. With the help of remote sensing technology, the in-depth analysis of the pre-judgment of the affected population by the debris flow disaster chain, emergency investigation of the disaster situation and disaster damage, and the selection of emergency rescue lifelines were successfully conducted, which has great guiding significance in the emergency rescue and disaster prevention and mitigation in the mountainous areas of Southwest China with similar geological conditions.  相似文献   

Latest active age and model of the faults in Longquanshan fault belt     

LIU Liang  LIANG Bin  YAN Zhonglin  SU Hua  HE Xuefeng 《中国地质调查》2014,7(5):77-87

Longquanshan fault belt belongs to Longmenshan foreland uplift, which is closely related to the uplift evolution of Longmenshan in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In order to explore the fault activity model, period and era characteristics of Longquanshan fault belt, some gouge samples were collected at different fault locations of Longquanshan fault belt. SEM was adopted for trace and dissolution micromorphology observation, and ESR was used to test the latest active age. Combined with the regional seismic data, further research on the seismic potential of Longquanshan fault belt was conducted. The results show that the main model of activity in Longquanshan fault belt is stick slip, with creep characteristics. The faults are characterized by multiple periods of activity. The strong acitivity era is the Early Pleistocene-Middle Pleistocene, there were obvious activities in the Late Pleistocene, and there weren’t any obvious activities in the Pliocene. The latest active ages measured by SEM, ESR, TL range from (1210±121) to (110±10.0) ka. The latest active age and activity is characterized with segmen tation, featured with weak activity in the middle segments and strong activity in the north and south segments. Longquanshan fault belt is an active fault belt with certain seismic potential. The earthquakes are distributed zonally along Longquanshan fault belt. However, its activity has been greatly reduced, compared with Longmenshan fault belt in the western part.  相似文献   

Rare earth elements in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province,Russia: Examples from Kovdor,Khibina, Vuoriyarvi and Turiy Mys complexes     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2014

The Devonian (ca. 385–360 Ma) Kola Alkaline Province includes 22 plutonic ultrabasic–alkaline complexes, some of which also contain carbonatites and rarely phoscorites. The latter are composite silicate–oxide–phosphate–carbonate rocks, occurring in close space-time genetic relations with various carbonatites. Several carbonatites types are recognized at Kola, including abundant calcite carbonatites (early- and late-stage), with subordinate amounts of late-stage dolomite carbonatites, and rarely magnesite, siderite and rhodochrosite carbonatites. In phoscorites and early-stage carbonatites the rare earth elements (REE) are distributed among the major minerals including calcite (up to 490 ppm), apatite (up to 4400 ppm in Kovdor and 3.5 wt.% REE₂O₃ in Khibina), and dolomite (up to 77 ppm), as well as accessory pyrochlore (up to 9.1 wt.% REE₂O₃) and zirconolite (up to 17.8 wt.% REE₂O₃). Late-stage carbonatites, at some localities, are strongly enriched in REE (up to 5.2 wt.% REE₂O₃ in Khibina) and the REE are major components in diverse major and minor minerals such as burbankite, carbocernaite, Ca- and Ba-fluocarbonates, ancylite and others. The rare earth minerals form two distinct mineral assemblages: primary (crystallized from a melt or carbohydrothermal fluid) and secondary (formed during metasomatic replacement). Stable (C–O) and radiogenic (Sr–Nd) isotopes data indicate that the REE minerals and their host calcite and/or dolomite have crystallized from a melt derived from the same mantle source and are co-genetic.  相似文献   

深部过程中地幔流体现实微观踪迹的实验证据     

刘显凡  赵甫峰  李春晖  楚亚婷  邓碧平  宋祥峰  张民 《地球科学进展》2012,27(10):1161-1166

伴随深部地质过程的地幔流体作用是引发地壳中成矿作用的重要物质源和动力源。由于地幔流体的超深源性及由此决定其性质和演化的复杂性,使人们很难具体捕捉其实际存在,或者多数情况下很难准确界定。通过岩相学、岩石化学、电子探针和扫描电镜及能谱分析的综合研究发现,地幔流体活动的现实微观踪迹和存在方式可以表现为富铁熔浆包体和富铁微晶玻璃,二者在透射偏光显微镜下无光性,呈黑色不透明状;反射偏光显微镜下不反光,但在电子显微镜下呈显微晶质结构,显示微晶金属和非金属矿物之间呈熔离交生,超微晶矿物组成以硅酸盐和石英为主,尤其是经过成分配比换算,得到碳硅石,含铬自然铁、钛铁矿、磷灰石和含钛镜铁矿等地幔标型矿物,反映了地幔流体的熔浆性质。捕捉和揭示深部地质过程中地幔流体作用的现实微观踪迹,对于深入分析和认识地壳地质作用的机制和成矿效应具有重要理论和现实意义。  相似文献   

青海龙墨沟铜多金属矿地质特征     

沈贵春  谢万洪  王一点  李敏同 《云南地质》2013,32(2):150-153

铜多金属矿赋存于晚三叠世马塘群中岩组,含矿岩石属钙碱性火山岩系列,水系沉积AS8异常元素套合好,浓集中心明显,矿床类型属与火山岩有关的喷流沉积—叠加改造型。  相似文献   

河南高粱店乡铁铜矿地质地球化学特征及成因探讨          下载免费PDF全文

袁迁  吕新彪  朱乔乔柯长书刘 洪曹晓峰 《中国地质》2013,40(4):1252-1269

河南信阳高梁店乡铁铜矿矿区位于华北地台南缘陆壳增生带——东秦岭加里东构造岩浆带的东端,主体由二郎坪群火山、沉积、构造杂岩带构成.矿体主要呈透镜状产出于二郎坪群大栗树组第二岩性段斜长角闪(片)岩中,具有明显的层控特征,铁矿石中常见似层状黄铜矿,似层状矽卡岩化和硅化为近矿围岩的主要蚀变类型.根据矿床地质-地球化学特征,结合矿石的矿物共生组合、硫同位素组成及流体包裹体成分及特征,认为该矿床的形成与古生代二郎坪群的海相火山喷发沉积密切相关,早期的海底火山喷发形成了大量的玄武岩质熔岩(富含铁、铜),在火山喷发旋回的间歇期,形成了喷流沉积型的铁矿层和碳酸盐岩层;晚期受加里东末期-海西早期区域变质作用的影响,造成矿区基性火山岩变质形成层状矽卡岩,同时叠加了热液成因的浸染状、脉状铜铁矿化.故该矿床属于火山-沉积变质改造型含铜磁铁矿床.  相似文献   

基于CERES资料的中国西南地区云水含量和粒子有效半径分布及变化特征     

林丹  王维佳 《气候与环境研究》2019,24(3):383-395

利用NASA/CERES发布的2001～2015年云参数资料,选取高层云、雨层云、层积云的云水含量和云粒子有效半径,统计分析了西南地区云参数的时空分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明:从年均空间分布来看,西南地区液水和冰水含量均东部高于西部,海拔低的地区高于海拔高的地区;高层云和雨层云液相和冰相云粒子有效半径在川西高原最大。从数值大小来看,雨层云液水和冰水含量最多,分别介于90～230 g/m2和100～300 g/m2,层积云最少,分别介于0～80 g/m2和0～60 g/m2;冰相云粒子有效半径高于液相2～6 μm。从季节分布来看,雨层云液水和冰水含量秋季和冬季偏高,夏季和春季偏少,高层云和层积云季节差异较小;液相云粒子有效半径均夏季最大。从变化趋势来看,西南地区各地液水和冰水含量均呈减少趋势,液相和冰相云粒子有效半径有呈减少或增加趋势。  相似文献