基于卫-卫跟踪观测技术利用能量守恒法恢复地球重力场的数值模拟研究   总被引：21，自引：5，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

郑伟  邵成刚  罗俊  许厚泽 《地球物理学报》2006,49(3):712-717

根据卫－卫跟踪观测技术的测量原理,基于能量守恒法建立了一种新的双星相互跟踪和三星相互跟踪的卫星观测方程. 通过数值模拟,采用预处理共轭梯度法恢复120阶地球重力场. 模拟结果表明：第一,双星相互跟踪恢复地球重力场的精度和美国喷气动力实验室公布的EIGEN GRACE02S的结果相符合;第二,三星相互跟踪恢复地球重力场的精度较双星提高约2倍.  相似文献   

海水液压驱动的水下作业工具系统   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘银水  郭占军  朱碧海  贺小峰  李壮云 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(4):65-69

论文介绍了海水液压作业工具系统的工作原理、关键技术问题及样机和试验结果。该系统同电动、气动或油压工具相比,具有诸多独特的优势,在海洋开发、船舶工程等领域均有广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   

Numerical and Experimental Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of A Novel Semi-Submersible Concept     

GAO Song  TAO Long-bin  KOU Yu-feng  LU Chao  SUN Jiang-long 《海洋工程》2018,32(2):144-156

The Multiple Column Platform (MCP) semi-submersible is a newly proposed concept, which differs from the conventional semi-submersibles, featuring centre column and middle pontoon. It is paramount to ensure its structural reliability and safe operation at sea, and a rigorous investigation is conducted to examine the hydrodynamic and structural performance for the novel structure concept. In this paper, the numerical and experimental studies on the hydrodynamic performance of MCP are performed. Numerical simulations are conducted in both the frequency and time domains based on 3D potential theory. The numerical models are validated by experimental measurements obtained from extensive sets of model tests under both regular wave and irregular wave conditions. Moreover, a comparative study on MCP and two conventional semi-submersibles are carried out using numerical simulation. Specifically, the hydrodynamic characteristics, including hydrodynamic coefficients, natural periods and motion response amplitude operators (RAOs), mooring line tension are fully examined. The present study proves the feasibility of the novel MCP and demonstrates the potential possibility of optimization in the future study.  相似文献   

长江流域不同地质生态环境土壤碳酸酐酶活性、有机碳含量及其相关性     

潘伟志  Sila Onesmus Nzung’  申泰铭  李为  王晨玮  余龙江 《中国岩溶》2016,35(2):173-178

为了探讨流域岩溶生态系统土壤碳酸酐酶(CA)活性、有机碳含量及CA固碳之间的潜在关系,选取长江流域干流及支流沿岸不同地质生态环境下的10个样地,比较长江流域不同地质生态环境下表层土壤(0~20cm)中的碳酸酐酶(CA)活性与土壤有机碳(SOC)含量,并分析二者之间的关系。结果表明:(1)长江流域岩溶区的表层土壤CA活性要高于非岩溶区(P0.01),土壤CA活性的差异与样地的地质类型及植被类型不同有关;(2)位于岩溶区高场(GC)样地的年平均SOC含量最高(1.09%),而位于非岩溶区外洲(WZ)样地的年平均SOC含量最低(0.29%),而且总体比较而言,长江流域冬季表层土壤的平均SOC含量显著高于夏季(P0.01);(3)相关性分析结果显示,不同季节长江流域岩溶区表层土壤CA活性与SOC含量呈一定的正相关。研究结果为进一步研究流域岩溶生态系统土壤CA与土壤固碳能力之间的关系奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Application of change detection techniques in geomorphological evolution of coastal areas. Example: Mouth of the River Ebro (period 1957–2013)     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2016

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the changes detection techniques to determine the evolution of the various geomorphological units identified in Ebro River mouth, in order to establish their evolutionary trends and to explain the changes between 1957 and 2013 years. To evaluate the most significant changes in the Ebro River mouth, the different geomorphological units present in the area were obtained by interpretation of aerial imagery. It has been noted that the period 1957–1984 was more dynamic and intense than the period 1984–2013, indicating a loss of capacity of the processes causing changes, and the shoreline is evolving toward a more stable morphology. It was determined that the most important processes that took place were mainly marine erosion processes and anthropogenic expansion. On the characterization in the entire period studied, it was determined that growth or decrease processes (net change) are as relevant in the region as processes which include location changes (swap). The change analysis methodology allows analyzing the evolution of coastal geomorphology, since it allows the determination and characterization of the principal transitions amongst the identified geomorphological units, and, therefore, to obtain the main processes that dominate the area, which is particularly relevant on highly vulnerable environments, such as coastal deltaic areas.  相似文献   

Analytical Solutions to the Flow Field Induced by Uniformly Moving Multiple Helical Vortex Filaments     

刘翔黄其柏  廖道训温国珍 《中国海洋工程》2005,19(1):83-96

This paper presents analytic solutions for the flow field of inviscid fluid induced by uniformly and rigidly moving multiple helical vortex filaments in a cylindrical pipe. The relative coordinate system is set on the moving vortex filaments. The analytical solutions of the flow field are obtained on the assumption that the relative velocity field induced is time-independent and helically symmetrical. If the radius of the cylindrical pipe approaches infinity, these solutions are also available for tmbounded space. The results show that both the absolute velocity field and pressure field are periodical in time, and may reduce to time-independent when the helical vortex filaments are immobile or slip along the filaments themselves. Furthermore, the solution of velocity field is reduced to Okulov‘s formula for the case of a single static vortex filament in a cylindrical pipe. The calculated locations of pressure peak and valley on the pipe wall agree with experimental results.  相似文献   

吸引日本血吸虫毛蚴的物质及其应用的初步观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张爱华  石磊  刘洋  卢恒聪  彭迅  何昌浩 《海洋科学》2007,31(9):50-53

采用改良的Roberts比较法,观察Mg2 、Fe3 等金属离子对日本血吸虫毛蚴(Schistosoma japanicum miracidia)的趋向作用及其在"模拟钉螺"中的应用。结果表明,加入1.00mol/L的Mg2 溶液时,日本血吸虫毛蚴在Φ形容器中实验组和对照组的数目为93:21(P<0.01);Fe3 浓度从0.05mol/L到1.00mol/L变化时,日本血吸虫毛蚴在实验组和对照组的数目分别是52:17(P<0.01),41:7(P<0.01),225:39(P<0.01),24:5(P<0.01),81:29(P<0.01)。一定配比的明胶混合物释放出的Fe3 离子具有比钉螺处理过的水更强的吸引日本血吸虫毛蚴的能力。Mg2 、Fe3 在适宜的溶液浓度时能够显著影响日本血吸虫毛蚴的趋向运动,"模拟钉螺"具有比钉螺处理过的水更大的吸引日本血吸虫毛蚴的能力。利用对日本血吸虫毛蚴有趋向作用的物质制成"模拟钉螺"吸引毛蚴,减少毛蚴侵入钉螺的机会,这种先保护钉螺而最终保护人类的方法有望成为预防日本血吸虫感染的新思路。  相似文献   

Generation of a realistic 3D sand assembly using X‐ray micro‐computed tomography and spherical harmonic‐based principal component analysis          下载免费PDF全文

B. Zhou  J. Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(1):93-109

Three‐dimensional particle morphology is a significant problem in the discrete element modeling of granular sand. The major technical challenge is generating a realistic 3D sand assembly that is composed of a large number of random‐shaped particles containing essential morphological features of natural sands. Based on X‐ray micro‐computed tomography data collected from a series of image processing techniques, we used the spherical harmonics (SH) analysis to represent and reconstruct the multi‐scale features of real 3D particle morphologies. The SH analysis was extended to some highly complex particles with sharp corners and surface cavities. We then proposed a statistical approach for the generation of realistic particle assembly of a given type of sand based on the principle component analysis (PCA). The PCA aims to identify the major pattern of the coefficient matrix, which is made up of the SH coefficients of all the particles involved in the analysis. This approach takes into account the particle size effect on the variation of particle morphology, which is observed from the available results of micro‐computed tomography and QICPIC analyses of sand particle morphology. Using the aforementioned approach, two virtual sand samples were generated, whose statistics of morphological parameters were compared with those measured from real sand particles. The comparison shows that the proposed approach is capable of generating a realistic sand assembly that retains the major morphological features of the mother sand. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Impact of copula selection on geotechnical reliability under incomplete probability information     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2013

This paper aims to investigate the impact of copula selection on geotechnical reliability under incomplete probability information. The copula theory is introduced briefly. Thereafter, four copulas, namely Gaussian, Plackett, Frank, and No. 16 copulas, are selected to model the dependence structure between cohesion and friction angle. A copula-based approach is used to construct the joint probability density function of cohesion and friction angle with given marginal distributions and correlation coefficient. The reliability of an infinite slope and a retaining wall is presented to demonstrate the impact of copula selection on reliability. The results indicate that the probabilities of failure of geotechnical structures with given marginal distributions and correlation coefficient of shear strength parameters cannot be determined uniquely. The resulting probabilities of failure associated with different copulas can differ considerably. Such a difference increases with decreasing probability of failure. Significant difference in probabilities of failure could be observed for relatively small coefficients of variation of the shear strength parameters or a strong negative correlation between cohesion and friction angle. The Gaussian copula, often adopted out of expedience without proper validation, may not capture the dependence structure between cohesion and friction angle properly. Furthermore, the Gaussian copula may greatly underestimate the probability of failure for geotechnical structures.  相似文献   

城市建设对暴雨内涝空间分布的影响研究——以武汉市主城区为例     

赵丽元  韦佳伶 《地理科学进展》2020,39(11):1898-1908

城市内涝灾害频繁,用地开发与空间扩张被普遍认为是其致因之一。对比武汉市遥感数据,1984—2017年,超过30%的自然水体被填占开发,城市建设开发活跃、填湖造陆强度大。论文以武汉市为例,采用二项Logistic模型,定量分析不同降雨强度情景下的内涝影响因素。研究表明,填湖造陆将极大地增加极端降雨情景下城市滨水区域的内涝风险。城市地形地势、排水管网条件、用地类型以及邻域用地结构等因素,也直接影响内涝风险。基于2种不同的用地开发策略,预测城市内涝风险结果显示,城市用地的不当开发将引致严重内涝风险。依据内涝风险的空间分布预测结果,论文提出了相应的改善策略,以为科学地制定防涝减灾规划提供参考。  相似文献