4种蒸发波导模型的对比与分析     

刘立行  李煜斌  高志球  毕雪岩  朱光明 《气象科学》2019,39(1):78-92

蒸发波导模型常用来计算海上蒸发波导高度。为了认识当前不同蒸发波导模型之间的差异和方法,本文选取了目前使用广泛的4种蒸发波导模型(即P-J模型、Babin模型、NPS模型和伪折射率模型)进行对比和分析。本文首先探讨了在理想情况下它们对气象要素的敏感性,随后并利用我国南海近海大气层观测试验数据对比了这4种模型的蒸发波导高度计算结果。分析表明:相对湿度、风速和气—海温差的变化对4种模型的计算都有着较大的影响,特别是在不稳定层结状况下,4种模型计算得到的蒸发波导高度都随着相对湿度的增大而降低、随着风速的增大而增高。Babin模型和NPS模型计算的波导高度较为一致,伪折射率模型与前两种模型的计算结果存在差异,而P-J模型与其他3种模型存在较明显的偏差。基于南海气象数据的计算结果表明,不同蒸发波导模型在该海域蒸发波导的模拟结果略有不同,但4种模型计算得到的波导高度日变化变化趋势较为一致,波导高度极低值常出现在早晨,而极高值常出现在傍晚。  相似文献   

The REM Adjoint System and Its 4DVar Data Assimilation Experiments     

WANG Tie  MU Mu 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2010,24(6):749-761

The Regional Eta-coordinate Model(REM) has performed well in forecasting heavy rainfalls in China in recent years.A four-dimensional variational assimilation system(4DVar) is developed to improve the forecast skill of the REM.The tangent linear model and adjoint model codes are written according to thecode to coderule,and the establishment of the REM adjoint modeling system is introduced in detail in this paper.The tangent linear and adjoint models of the REM are validated against the observational data,...  相似文献   

Assessing 4D-VAR for dynamical mapping of coastal high-frequency radar in San Diego     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2010,49(1-3):175-197

The problem of dynamically mapping high-frequency (HF) radar radial velocity observations is investigated using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the San Diego coastal region and an adjoint-based assimilation method. The HF radar provides near-real-time radial velocities from three sites covering the region offshore of San Diego Bay. The hydrodynamical model is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm) with 1 km horizontal resolution and 40 vertical layers. The domain is centered on Point Loma, extending 117 km offshore and 120 km alongshore. The reference run (before adjustment) is initialized from a single profile of T and S and is forced with wind data from a single shore station and with zero heat and fresh water fluxes. The adjoint of the model is used to adjust initial temperature, salinity, and velocity, hourly temperature, salinity and horizontal velocities at the open boundaries, and hourly surface fluxes of momentum, heat and freshwater so that the model reproduces hourly HF radar radial velocity observations. Results from a small number of experiments suggest that the adjoint method can be successfully used over 10-day windows at coastal model resolution. It produces a dynamically consistent model run that fits HF radar data with errors near the specified uncertainties. In a test of the forecasting capability of the San Diego model after adjustment, the forecast skill was shown to exceed persistence for up to 20 h.  相似文献   

-种等压面上流场的可视化方法          下载免费PDF全文

李妍  黄峰  陈希  沙文钰 《大气科学学报》2001,24(2):286-290

结合等压面上高度场及其气象要素矢量场数据的空间分布特征,设计了-种能客观反映大气在等压面上的运动规律的可视化方法表面场线映射,它在气象上有较好的实用价值  相似文献   

江淮流域夏季典型旱涝年大气中的水汽输送和收支   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9  

卓东奇  郑益群  李炜  李晓勇 《气象科学》2006,26(3):244-251

该文利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料对中国东部区域1991年和1994年这两个夏季旱涝典型年的降水状况、水汽输送及收支状况等进行了综合定量对比分析,结果表明:江淮流域夏季旱涝形势的形成更多地取决于流经其上的东西向水汽输送的变化。南亚夏季风强弱的变化对江淮流域的旱涝形成可能具有更为重要的影响。中国东部夏季的偏西水汽输送主要来自西南地区西边界,江淮流域夏季干旱年该地区西边界的水汽输入明显比洪涝年减少,因而在未来的中国东部旱涝预测中要特别重视西南地区西边界的水汽输送状况。  相似文献   

非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率的协调性初探     

刘宇迪  田福厚  张亮  侯志明 《热带气象学报》2006,22(5):473-478

为了理论上研究非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率之间的搭配问题，以线性斜压滞弹性方程组为出发方程，导出解析的频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程，同时在最优三维网格C／CP下进行离散，也导出频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程，然后用图示的方法，比较了在不同的水平和垂直格距下模拟解析解所产生的误差。结果表明：当垂直格距和水平格距相当时，在C／CP网格上对惯性重力波的频率、水平群速和垂直群速都能较好地模拟，产生的相对误差均在5％以下。  相似文献   

遥感影像反立体纠正方法研究     

周爱霞  高连峰 《国土资源遥感》2007,18(2):20-22

以四川省广元市某区遥感影像为例，尝试了一种基于DEM和IHS变换的遥感影像反立体纠正方法。该方法首先对IHS变换得到的亮度分量I进行滤波处理，将反映地物反射率差异的亮度信息与地形因子信息分离，然后用DEM制作的地形阴影图替换原图像中的地形因子信息，最后进行IHS反变换。试验结果表明，该方法能有效纠正遥感图像上的反立体现象，并基本保持与原图像色彩一致。  相似文献   

基于小波分解和最小二乘支持向量机的西太平洋副高预测模型   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘科峰  张韧  于鹏  王彦磊  余丹丹 《热带气象学报》2007,23(5):491-496

用小波分解（WT）和最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）相结合的方法,建立西太平洋副热带高压面积指数的预报模型。该方法首先将西太平洋副热带面积指数（SI）分解为相对简单的带通分量信号,利用LS-SVM建立各分量信号的独立预报模型,然后对预报结果进行集成。为了评估和比较该方法的预报效果和技术优势,最后比较了在同等条件下WT～LS-SVM模型和神经网络、线性回归模型的独立检验预报效果。试验结果表明,该方法具有泛化能力强、预报精度高、训练速度快、稳定性好、便于建模等优点,具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

INTERDECADAL VARIATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENSO AND SUMMER INTERANNUAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN CHINA   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱益民  杨修群  陈晓颖  赵珊珊  孙旭光 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2007,13(2):132-136

Interdecadal variation of the relationships between ENSO and the summer interannual climate variability in China is investigated by using techniques of sliding correlation analysis with the tropical Pacific SSTA and the observed surface air temperature and precipitation from stations in China. The results indicate that there are stable and robust relations that the Northern China is relatively dry during the developing phase of ENSO while the Yangtze River valley is relatively wet during the decaying phase of ENSO. On the other hand, interdecadal variations of the relations are also found in other regions. Over the time both prior to the Pacific decadal climate shift (before the late 1970s) and after it (after the late 1970s), during the developing phases of ENSO the summer precipitation anomaly in South China changed from below to above normal, whereas that in Northeast China changed from above to below normal; the summer surface air temperature anomaly in North and Northeast China changed from cooling to warming, whereas that in South China changed to cooling; during the decaying phases of ENSO the North China changed from wetter to dryer while the Huai River valley changed from dryer to normal; North China, Yangtze River valley and South China tend to be warmer. Based on the composite analysis of the NCAR/NCEP reanalyze datasets, significant differences existing in ENSO-related atmospheric circulation anomaly in East Asia during pre- and post-shift periods may be responsible for the interdecadal variation of relationships between ENSO and surface air temperature and precipitation in China.  相似文献   

云迹风反演中高密度示踪云选取技术的研究     

杨文凯  白洁  严卫  刘健文 《气象》2007,33(4):35-39

云迹风反演中的一项很重要的工作是选取随风移动、变化缓慢的云，即示踪云。文中设计了一种示踪云选取算法，以改善云迹风的质量和密度分布。该算法的特色是反演风的位置并不固定在反演网格的中心位置，而是通过梯度分析的方法使反演风的位置得到优化，再经过积雨云检测和灰度分布均匀程度检验，剔除不适合用来反演的目标物。对用该方法选取的示踪云进行云迹风反演，然后对反演出的云迹风进行环流分析，并与探空风进行比较。结果表明，反演出的云迹风质量好，密度很高，清晰地反映出天气系统的风场结构。  相似文献