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浙江衢州新路火山岩盆地西段热点作用及其对铀成矿的控制作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新路火山岩盆地是浙江省重要的产铀基地。文章通过对该区热点作用的研究,解释了该区铀矿床(点)的形成机制,以期获得该区铀矿找矿的新突破。地球物理资料显示,该区深部40 km处存在相对低速体的塑性体(地幔柱冠状体之上的幔枝构造),在其上部地层存在相对高速体的岩浆侵入体;中生代以来发育4次岩浆旋回;地层结构表现出下部为变质基底,中部为滑脱层,上部为上叠火山岩和白垩纪沉积盆地的三层式结构。热点作用的地质、地球物理特征明显。流体包裹体研究表明,成矿热液的温度为317~420℃,盐度w(NaCleq)为39.76%~49.68%,其成分为CO2及含碱、H2O、卤素、氮和一些金属元素,地幔流体特征明显,与铀矿伴生的微量元素及成矿同期的硫同位素也指示出成矿流体来源于上地幔或下地壳。地球物理和地球化学特征均指示出该区存在热点成矿作用,据此建立了该区的热点活动模式。文章认为,热点对该区铀成矿的控制主要表现为:①当深部基性岩浆运移至上地壳时,使硅铝质岩石发生部分熔融,形成酸性岩浆,喷出地表形成了新路火山岩,侵入时则形成次火山岩体和各类酸性侵入岩体,为成矿准备了有利的赋矿层位或有利围岩;②地幔柱上隆作用,形成或复活了一系列断裂构造,完善或形成了成矿所需的导矿构造和储矿构造;③地幔柱上隆时,提供了成矿所需的大量热能,造成围岩蚀变,从而萃取了围岩中的部分铀源;④随着酸性岩浆的不断分异结晶,岩浆中有用组分浓度不断增高,提供了深部热液中的成矿物质。 相似文献
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Different pixel-based, object-based and subpixel-based methods such as time-series analysis, decision-tree, and different supervised approaches have been proposed to conduct land use/cover classification. However, despite their proven advantages in small dataset tests, their performance is variable and less satisfactory while dealing with large datasets, particularly, for regional-scale mapping with high resolution data due to the complexity and diversity in landscapes and land cover patterns, and the unacceptably long processing time. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the comparatively highest performance of an operational approach based on integration of multisource information ensuring high mapping accuracy in large areas with acceptable processing time. The information used includes phenologically contrasted multiseasonal and multispectral bands, vegetation index, land surface temperature, and topographic features. The performance of different conventional and machine learning classifiers namely Malahanobis Distance (MD), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Random Forests (RFs) was compared using the same datasets in the same IDL (Interactive Data Language) environment. An Eastern Mediterranean area with complex landscape and steep climate gradients was selected to test and develop the operational approach. The results showed that SVMs and RFs classifiers produced most accurate mapping at local-scale (up to 96.85% in Overall Accuracy), but were very time-consuming in whole-scene classification (more than five days per scene) whereas ML fulfilled the task rapidly (about 10 min per scene) with satisfying accuracy (94.2–96.4%). Thus, the approach composed of integration of seasonally contrasted multisource data and sampling at subclass level followed by a ML classification is a suitable candidate to become an operational and effective regional land cover mapping method. 相似文献
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New high-quality multibeam and high-resolution seismic data reveal new observations on sediment transfer and distribution and margin morphometrics in the uppermost slope of Northeastern Little Bahama Bank between 20 and 300 m water depth. The echofacies/backscatter facies show an alongslope sediment distribution forming successive strips. The upper part of the uppermost slope corresponds to the alternation of several submerged coral terraces and escarpments that could be related to Late Quaternary sea-level variations. The terraces could either be related to periods of stagnating sea-level or slow-down in sea-level change and therefore increased erosion by waves, or periods of accelerated sea-level rise since the Last Glacial Maximum. Terraces could therefore be related to coral construction and drowing. The medium part corresponds to the marginal escarpment, a steep cemented area. The lower part of the uppermost slope shows a discontinuous Holocene sediment wedge with varying thickness between 0 and 35 m. It is separated from the upper part by a zone of well-cemented seafloor associated with the marginal escarpment. Passing cold fronts result in sediment export caused by density cascading. The associated sediment fall-out and convective sedimentation can generate density currents that form this wedge and eventually flow through linear structures on the upper slope. The survey reveals the presence of recently active channels that extend over the entire uppermost slope and interrupt the wedge. The channels connect shallow tidal channels to submarine valleys connected to the proximal part of canyons. They directly feed the canyons with platform-derived sediment forming low-density turbidity currents and could supply the deepest part of the system with coarse-grained sediment directly exported from the carbonate platform. 相似文献
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Hong-Zuo Wang Pei-Rong Chen Kai-Xing Wang Hong-Fei Ling Jun-Qi Wu Jiang-Wei Tang 《International Geology Review》2018,60(11-14):1684-1706
ABSTRACTAbundant evidence points to the Cretaceous crust–mantle interaction and plate subduction in the Gan-Hang Tectonic Belt (GHTB), southeastern China, but the evolutionary process remains poorly constrained. Here we conduct a comprehensive study on Daqiaowu granitic porphyry and diabase dikes in the eastern GHTB, in conjunction with previous studies on simultaneous felsic and mafic rocks along the GHTB, to demonstrate their petrogenesis and geodynamic evolutionary process. The Daqiaowu granitic porphyry (125 Ma), as well as the coeval granitic rocks, exhibits high zircon saturation temperatures, alkalis, 104*Ga/Al ratios, and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y contents, concluding a distinctive belt of the Early Cretaceous (~137–125 Ma) A-type volcanic–intrusive rocks in the GHTB. Their εNd(t) and zircon εHf(t) values gradually increased through time from approximately ?9.0 to ?1.0 and ?10.0 to +4.0, respectively, implying increasing contribution of mantle-derived components to their formation, and hence progressively intensified crust–mantle interaction in an intra-arc rift environment (a geodynamic transition stage from continental arc to back-arc) during the Early Cretaceous. This plausibility is further supported by the Early Cretaceous Daqiaowu diabase dikes and coeval mafic rocks which exhibit arc-like magmatic signatures and were derived from mantle wedge. In contrast, the Late Cretaceous mafic rocks show ocean island basalt-like geochemical characteristics, reflecting a depleted asthenosphere mantle source. This discrepancy of mantle sources concludes that the geodynamic setting in the GHTB may have basically transferred to back-arc regime in the Late Cretaceous. Thus, the Cretaceous geodynamic evolutionary process in the GHTB can be defined as the Early Cretaceous gradually intensified crust–mantle interaction in a geodynamic transition stage (from continental arc to back-arc extension) and the Late Cretaceous back-arc extensional setting. 相似文献
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内蒙后二道沟铜金矿床综合信息找矿模型及矿床成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在系统研究内蒙后二道沟铜金矿床地质特征、矿体地质特征、地球物理特征及地球化学特征的基础上,将地质、物探及化探等数据进行系统关联,探讨各类信息之间的相关关系,从而构建了以"有利成矿地质条件+Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、As等指示元素的综合异常+低阻、高极化、高磁"为标志的综合信息找矿模型,综合异常区域可能是矿(化)体的赋存位置,其激电测深低视电阻率300Ω·m、高极化率3.0%、高磁异常300 nT。初步分析成矿构造背景及成矿三要素(热能、成矿流体、成矿物质)来源,并建立了矿床成因模式,认为矿床类型有矽卡岩型铜金铅锌多金属矿床、构造破碎带型铜金多金属矿床和石英脉型金矿床。 相似文献
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大兴安岭中南段银锡多金属成矿带位于中亚造山带东部,近年来找矿成果丰硕。在对边家大院、拜仁达坝-维拉斯托、双尖子山3个银锡多金属矿床的成矿特征进行系统分析的基础上,探讨本区银锡多金属矿成矿条件与找矿潜力。结果显示,本区银锡多金属成矿与花岗质岩浆侵入密切相关,成岩与成矿具多期多阶段特征,主要发生于早白垩世,峰值为130~150 Ma。成矿岩体多具高硅、低镁、富碱的特征,形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋和古太平洋两大构造体系叠加影响的伸展背景。银锡多金属成矿受地层-构造-岩浆岩三位一体联合控制,成矿条件优越,找矿潜力较大。在边家大院矿床西区的深部和外围以及北大山、磨盘山岩体的周边,有找寻锡多金属矿床的潜力。借鉴大兴安岭北段的找矿经验,应注重在本区中生代火山岩中找寻银铅锌多金属矿床。 相似文献
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21世纪以来中国关键金属矿产找矿勘查与研究新进展 总被引：17，自引：7，他引：10
关键金属作为全球高科技产业不可或缺的战略性资源,其成矿作用及找矿勘查均是目前国际矿床学领域关注的热点。近年来,中国在关键金属Li、Rb、Nb、Ta、W、Sn、Ni、Co、Mn和离子吸附型稀土矿找矿勘查及成矿作用研究方面取得了一系列重要突破和认识。文章初步系统地总结了中国进入21世纪以来不同类型关键金属矿床的主要勘查成果及全球关键金属矿产研究新进展。在前人研究基础上,研究总结认为锂循环与成矿主要在上地壳内部,而REE在大陆聚合与裂解以及壳幔之间循环并成矿。针对主要关键金属矿床的成矿作用和成矿环境,并考虑共伴生特点,将主要的关键金属矿床划分为8种成因类型:①与花岗岩-伟晶岩有关的W、Sn、Nb、Ta、Li、Rb、Cs、Be矿床;②与碳酸岩-碱性岩有关的REE、Nb、U矿床;③与镁铁质-超镁铁质岩有关的Ni、Co、Cr、Pt族元素矿床;④低温热液型Tl、Te矿床;⑤多种类型热液矿床中的伴生组分,包括Re、Ge、In、Cd、Tl、Te、Se、Sc、Ga等;⑥表生沉积型(包括铝土矿和煤矿中的伴生组分)矿床,例如Mn、V、Ni、Mo、Co、Li、Ga、Tl、Ge、V、Sc、Nb、Ta等;⑦与表生盐湖有关的Li、Rb、Cs矿床;⑧与表生风化作用有关的离子吸附型REE矿床。希望该分类能作为新一轮关键矿产研究的基础。 相似文献
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莲花山断裂带是中国东南陆缘重要的NE向构造带。该断裂带不仅是区域上重要的二级构造单元分界线,也控制着广东省最重要的锡铜多金属成矿带。前人研究表明,莲花山断裂带内的韧性变形与锡铜多金属成矿关系密切,但对于莲花山断裂带内的韧性变形展布特征及其对成矿作用的贡献,还存在着较多争议。本次研究,通过对莲花山断裂带进行大比例尺的矿田构造填图,实测典型地质剖面等手段,结合拉伸线理产状的测量和显微构造的观察,认为断裂带内的韧性变形由自北向南一系列近NE60°走向的剪切带雁列展布而成,各剪切带之间呈大致平行展布。在韧性变形之后,这些雁列状的剪切带又被30°走向的脆性断层所切割。莲花山断裂带内的韧性变形控制着矿体的形态和规模,后期岩浆-热液活动利用先存韧性剪切带的空间,成矿元素在韧性变形的裂隙中沉淀富集成矿。莲花山断裂带内找矿勘探工作部署应该围绕断裂带内韧性变形的区域,并注意韧性变形附近次一级的容矿裂隙。 相似文献