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水库设计的三维可视化研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
为了提高水库设计的自动化水平,实现模型的三维可视化,本文研究了三维地形的建模方法及其在水库设计中的应用。采用了地性特征点和地性线参与三维建模的方法,提高了数字高程模型DEM的地形逼真度。在此基础上通过一种综合了水平线和覆盖消隐算法的合成消隐算法实现了彻底的消隐以及图像的快速生成。通过三维水库模型,不仅可以得到水库的容量、库水的淹没边界和淹没面积,而且还可以生成地形剖面图。如果地形剖面图与地质图、水文图、构造图等进行叠加,可以形成综合剖面图。文章最后采用三维可视化方法模拟了某水库的部分设计工作,结果表明,通过水库的三维地形模型可以简单直观的完成坝址的选择、水库容量以及蓄水的水位线的确定等方面的工作。 相似文献
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卡拉塔格矿集区梅岭铜(金)矿床位于新疆吐哈盆地南缘的古生代卡拉塔格隆起带中,在大地构造位置上处于大南湖-头苏泉晚古生代岛弧带中段的火山盆地中,赋存于一套基性-中性-酸性火山岩-火山碎屑岩和次火山岩中,矿体由细脉浸染状(M1)和热液脉状(M2)的铜矿体组成。文章在前人研究的基础上开展了矿床中石英流体包裹体的测温分析、成分分析及包裹体水的氢、氧同位素分析。研究发现,梅岭矿床中原生流体包裹体类型多为气液两相包裹体,个体较小,气相分数较小;流体包裹体均一温度为117~238℃,w(Na Cleq)为2.4%~9.3%,为中-低温、中-低盐度流体;成矿压力为6.8~60.6 MPa,成矿深度约为0.2~2.0 km。流体包裹体气相成分以H2O为主,其次为CO2,并含有少量CH4、CO等还原性气体;液相成分中阳离子以K+、Na+为主,阴离子以Cl-和SO2-4占主导地位,成矿流体属H2O-Na Cl体系。成矿流体的δ18O水值为-5.75‰~-2.61‰,δD值为-135.6‰~-117.2‰,表明成矿流体主要为岩浆水及大气降水的混合水。流体包裹体的研究成果和矿床地质特征显示,梅岭铜(金)矿床属于浅成低温热液矿床。梅岭铜锌(金)矿床成矿流体研究为矿床成因提供了成矿流体特征方面的证据,为该区成矿系统的综合研究提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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东天山卡拉塔格早古生代红海块状硫化物矿床精确定年及其地质意义 总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8
东天山卡拉塔格矿带红海块状硫化物Cu-Zn矿床产于卡拉塔格海相火山岩建造中,矿层主要与两个岩性段的火山-碎屑岩地层有关:(1)盖层为中性-酸性火山岩、火山角砾岩、凝灰岩,夹凝灰质砂岩;(2)赋矿层位主要由中基性-中酸性火山角砾岩、凝灰角砾岩、凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩组成。高精度的锆石离子探针U-Pb同位素定年获得矿体上盘围岩底部酸性火山岩的年龄为416.3±5.9Ma,为成矿时代的上限年龄;K-Ar同位素定年获得矿体下盘强绢云母化蚀变围岩年龄为424±7Ma,记录了最晚一期成矿热液活动的时代。同位素年代学研究显示,卡拉塔格地区在早古生代末期存在一期铜多金属成矿作用,这个认识不仅为吐哈盆地南缘古生代火山岩地层的时代划分提供了年代学限制,而且扩大了卡拉塔格地区和区域找矿空间。 相似文献
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A Late Cretaceous to Early Oligocene episode of paleoweathering and supergene activity has been identified within the Jurassic-age (170 Ma) Humboldt mafic complex (HMC) and associated Boyer Ranch Formation of west-central Nevada, USA. This episode is responsible for significant subaerial weathering, erosion, oxidation and most importantly local supergene metal enrichment which could potentially have a major economic impact upon iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG)-style mineralization within the complex and in the Boyer Ranch Formation. Paleoweathering profiles that developed on the exposed Jurassic surface during this time now mark an angular unconformity (J-T unconformity) with a stratigraphically overlying, Tertiary (Oligocene) rhyolitic volcanic-volcaniclastic sequence.Differential uplift of the Jurassic surface is a direct result of the Middle and/or Late Jurassic Luning-Fencemaker compressional overthrust faulting event during which the entire complex was tectonically transported to its present location. The uplifted Jurassic paleosurface experienced one or more cycles of weathering, erosion, depression of the water table and uninterrupted supergene activity beginning at the end of the Cretaceous and possibly accelerating during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum Event (∼56 Ma). Geochemically mature supergene Cu-oxide profiles developed over exhumed mineralized sections in terrains with favorable fault block movements. These paloweathering systems evolved from moderately acidic pH to near-neutral or slightly alkaline pH environments over time. High protolith reactivity and low hypogene pyrite concentrations modified acidity of supergene fluids thus limiting Cu mobility.Profiles that survived erosion were later buried and preserved by the Oligocene-age rhyolitic volcanic-volcaniclastic sequence before the onset of mid-Tertiary Basin and Range normal faulting. Subsequent partial unroofing of overlying Tertiary volcanic cover resulted in further erosion of some profiles. Erosional remnants mapped in the field include all or some components of the original supergene Cu-oxide profiles. Drilling results suggest profiles that remain buried are generally intact.Although this field-oriented study is considered preliminary, it concludes that known Jurassic-age IOCG-style mineral occurrences in the central HMC have been subjected to prolonged subaerial paleoweathering and supergene activity that has not been previously recognized. Where complete or nearly complete profiles are preserved, efficient cumulative Cu-enrichment to potentially ore grades has been documented in well defined oxide zones. These findings can be extrapolated to the entire J-T unconformity along which concealed and enriched deposits may exist. As such, the unconformity is considered a prime exploration target that is highly prospective for new discoveries of economically viable, supergene-enriched IOCG resources. 相似文献
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东天山卡拉塔格铜多金属矿集区黄铁矿化(次)流纹岩年代学、地球化学特征及其对成矿的潜在意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
卡拉塔格矿集区位于东天山吐哈盆地南缘大南湖岛弧带中,区内普遍发育黄铁矿化流纹岩类。该类岩石主要由(次)流纹岩、少量流纹质火山角砾熔岩和英安岩组成,均为偏铝质钙碱性岩石,具高硅特征(Si O2=69.51%~95.81%);稀土总量不高(ΣREE=9.53×10~(-6)~86.40×10~(-6)),轻重稀土分异较弱((La/Yb)N=0.41~29.4),铕多具负异常(δEu=0.29~1.91),显示轻稀土略富集的右倾型配分模式的地球化学特征;轻微富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子元素,明显亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti,表现出弧岩浆的特征;正的εNd(t)值(+2.98~+10.61)、分布范围较广的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.703053~0.712568)值表明岩浆源区主要来自地幔,且有地壳物质的混染。获得流纹质火山角砾熔岩和次流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄分别为439.9±4.8Ma、439±7Ma。综合研究表明,该岩类可能为早志留世古亚洲洋向北俯冲至准噶尔板块之下形成的火山-次火山岩。黄铁矿化(次)流纹岩与红石-梅岭热液脉状矿床存在成因联系,该岩类同源深成岩体可能为红石-梅岭脉状矿床的成矿地质体。同时,它们是卡拉塔格矿集区重要的找矿标志之一,且具有一定的普遍性。 相似文献
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内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗地区中生代中酸性火山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西乌旗地区处于大兴安岭南部,广泛分布中生代火山岩。中生代火山岩中性岩组SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为163Ma±2Ma,为岩浆上侵结晶的年龄;研究区南区下营子地区查干诺尔组流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为144.2Ma±1.4Ma,表明西乌旗地区晚中生代火山岩形成时代为晚侏罗世—早白垩世。在TAS图中,中性岩样品数据点落入粗面岩区,属碱性岩系列,REE分馏明显,LILE富集,Nb、Ta等元素亏损,Eu异常不明显,具有正高εNd（t）值,推断粗面岩是由地幔的碱性、过碱性岩浆经过分离结晶过程形成的;流纹岩属高钾钙碱性岩系列,REE分馏明显,部分LILE富集,Ba、Sr和HFSE强烈亏损,推测该岩石由相对较浅的中下地壳物质部分熔融形成并具有A2型花岗岩的特征。综合研究并结合前人的资料,认为从晚侏罗世（163Ma）开始,西乌旗所在大兴安岭地区已经处于伸展构造环境。 相似文献
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智利铁氧化物-铜-金矿床区域定位构造-矿田构造类型与特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
智利铁氧化物铜金矿床形成于安第斯型活动大陆边缘中生代岩浆弧及弧后盆地,区域构造特征主要为岩浆侵入构造岩相带和阿塔卡玛断裂系统(AFZ),岩浆侵入构造及岩相分带控制矿田形成,AFZ断裂系统控制了矿化带和大型矿体产出.矿田构造主要有五种类型:火山构造;岩浆侵入构造+复式背斜;NS向平行韧性断裂带+岩浆侵入构造;走滑断裂弯曲... 相似文献