The distribution, sources and toxicity risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and n-alkanes in riverine and estuarine core sediments from the Daliao River watershed     

W. Guo  M. C. He  Z. F. Yang  H. Y. Zhang  C. Y. Lin  Z. J. Tian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(7):2015-2024

The burial characteristics and toxicity risks associated with n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the riverine and estuarine sediments of the Daliao River watershed were investigated based on three sediment cores. The sum of the n-alkane and PAH concentrations, normalized to organic carbon (OC), ranged from 0.27 to 63.09 μg g^?1OC^?1 and 6.60 to 366.20 μg g^?1OC^?1, respectively. The features and the history of industrial activities, such as the oil and chemical industries and port activities near the river and estuary, resulted in different distributions and sources of hydrocarbons. The sources of pollution were identified based on n-alkane indexes and on diagnostic ratios of PAHs. The diagnostic ratios indicated that the n-alkanes were derived from both biogenic and petrogenic sources in different proportions and that the PAHs were derived primarily from petrogenic combustion sources. A hierarchical cluster analysis grouped the core samples into two clusters. The first cluster, river sediments, corresponded to industrial activities; the second cluster, estuarine sediments, corresponded to port shipping activities. The toxic potency of the PAHs in the cores was assessed in terms of toxic equivalents (TEQs) of dibenzo[a,h]anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene. The top layer of the sediment in the cores had a relatively high toxicity. The TEQ values for benzo(a)pyrene (TEQ_BaP) and dioxins (TEQ_TCDD) furnished a consistent assessment of the PAHs in the sediment cores.  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地东营凹陷碎屑流主控型深水体系沉积过程及模式          下载免费PDF全文

刘建平  鲜本忠  张莉  苏明  李宇志  闫海清  王震  陈鹏  吴千然  李晋  田荣恒  杨鑫  周欢焕  罗勋  陈龙 《中国地质》2022,49(6):1951-1969

【研究目的】碎屑流是深水环境沉积物搬运和分散的重要机制,其相关的砂岩储层是含油气盆地重要的勘探目标,然而,与经典浊流及浊积系统相比,对碎屑流主控型深水体系的发育规律目前仍知之甚少。【研究方法】本文基于岩心、测井及全三维地震资料,通过系统的岩心观察描述、测井及地震资料解释,对渤海湾盆地东营凹陷始新统沙三中亚段深水体系沉积过程及模式开展研究。【研究结果】结果表明,沙三中深水体系发育九种异地搬运岩相,可概括为四大成因类型,反映了块体及流体两种搬运过程。岩相定量统计表明,该深水体系主要由碎屑流沉积构成,浊流沉积很少,碎屑流中又以砂质碎屑流为主。重力流在搬运过程中经历了滑动、滑塌、砂质碎屑流、泥质碎屑流及浊流等5个阶段演变,发育5类主要的深水沉积单元,包括滑动体、滑塌体、碎屑流水道、碎屑流朵体及浊积薄层砂。从发育规模及储层物性上,砂质碎屑流水道、朵体及砂质滑动体构成了本区最重要的深水储层类型。【结论】认为沙三中时期充足的物源供给、三角洲前缘高沉积速率、断陷期频繁的断层活动以及较短的搬运距离是碎屑流主控型深水体系形成及演化的主控因素,最终基于沉积过程、沉积样式及盆地地貌特征综合建立了碎屑流主控型深水体系沉积模式。本研究将进一步丰富深水沉积理论,为陆相深水储层预测提供借鉴。  相似文献   

f_oF₂月中值太阳循环变化及单站谱模型研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐彤  吴振森  吴健  黄朝军  冯健 《地球物理学报》2008,51(5):1296-1303

利用我国9个电离层观测站第21和22太阳周大约20年的f_oF₂月中值数据,分析太阳活动和地磁活动对电离层f_oF₂的影响,结果显示白天和夏季夜间f_oF₂和太阳黑子数R之间存在着明显非线性关系,并且随着纬度的降低逐渐增强．当回归分析加入地磁Ap指数时,多重回归模型与实测值误差进一步减小,说明同时考虑太阳活动和地磁活动的非线性影响能够更好地描述f_oF₂的变化．基于f_oF₂太阳黑子数R及地磁指数Ap之间的非线性统计关系,利用Fourier 级数建立9个单站谱模型,并与国际参考电离层IRI进行了比较,精度有一定提高．  相似文献   

Risk management of BTEX contamination in ground water--an integrated fuzzy approach     

Qin XS  Huang GH  Li YP 《Ground water》2008,46(5):755-767

An integrated fuzzy simulation-assessment method (FSAM) was developed for assessing environmental risks from petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in ground water. In the FSAM, techniques of fuzzy simulation and fuzzy risk assessment were coupled into a general framework to reflect a variety of system uncertainties. A petroleum-contaminated site located in western Canada was selected as a study case for demonstrating applicability of the proposed method. The risk assessment results demonstrated that system uncertainties would significantly impact expressions of risk-level outputs. A relatively deterministic expression of the risks would have clearer representations of the study problem but may miss valuable uncertain information; conversely, an assessment under vaguer system conditions would help reveal potential consequences of adverse effects but would suffer from a higher degree of fuzziness in presenting the modeling outputs. Based on the risk assessment results, a decision analysis procedure was used to calculate a general risk index (GRI) to help identify proper responsive actions. The proposed method was useful for evaluating risks within a system containing multiple factors with complicated uncertainties and interactions and providing support for identifying proper site management strategies.  相似文献   

样品处理与保存方法对表层沉积物中金属形态分析的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王晓丽  李鱼  王婷  杜显元  李绪谦 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2008,38(2):299-304

利用改进的Tessier连续萃取法研究了冷藏、冷冻、冻干、烘干和风干等样品处理与保存方法对表层沉积物中金属形态的影响。结果表明：各样品处理与保存过程对沉积物中Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn及Pb的形态均具有不同程度的影响,其中Fe的形态受其影响最小（<3.3%）,Mn的形态受其影响最大（最高可达10.2%）;冻干对各金属形态的影响最小（<4.6%）;烘干和风干对重金属Cu、Zn和Pb的可交换态（Ⅰ+Ⅱ）和非残渣态（Ⅰ-Ⅴ）分布影响较大,而冷藏、冷冻和冻干的影响相对较小。因此,综合考虑重金属的形态分布及其生物可利用性,冻干是较理想的沉积物样品处理与保存方法。  相似文献   

全球2℃温升碳约束下中国煤电搁浅资产研究     

张为荣  袁家海 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(1):36-44

作为全球煤电装机规模最大且仍在扩张的国家,中国需要慎重评估兑现《巴黎协定》温室气体减排承诺带来的潜在煤电资产搁浅问题.研究运用"上下交互"的碳锁定曲线模型,识别不同产能扩张情景下(无新增、新增200、300和400 GW)的搁浅煤电机组.首先,从"自上而下"角度匡算中国煤电行业2℃温升目标下的碳配额.然后,从"自下而上...  相似文献   

生态水文学:生态需水及其与流速因素的相互作用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

刘昌明  门宝辉  赵长森 《水科学进展》1990,31(5):765-774

本文研究涉及生态水文学中生态需水问题的一般认知。探讨了生态系统动态变化与水流驱动力因素之间的关系，重点探讨水流驱动因素中的关键指标——流速，通过分析流速与生态系统相互作用，从生态水文学动力因素出发估算生态需水；基于生态流速和水力半径，提出考虑河道内生态需水与水力因素关系的生态水力半径法，充分利用水生生物信息（鱼类产卵洄游流速）与河道信息（水位、流速、糙率等）估算河道内生态需水；归纳生态水力半径法在生态需水计算中的初步应用：考虑污染物降解耦合水量水质的生态需水计算、考虑鱼类等生物对流速要求的生态需水计算、考虑河道冲淤平衡的输沙需水量计算等方面。本文提出的生态流速研究既包括生物生长发育适宜的流速，又包括流速大小变化所涉及的许多动力因素，旨在延伸与扩展生态水文学的内涵与应用。  相似文献   

Two‐stage evolution of the Altyn Tagh Fault during the Cenozoic: new insight from provenance analysis of a geological section in NW Qaidam Basin,NW China     

Lei Wu  Ancheng Xiao  Shufeng Yang  Liqun Wang  Liguang Mao  Liang Wang  Youpu Dong  Bo Xu 《地学学报》2012,24(5):387-395

  相似文献   

北部湾盆地乌石凹陷发现晚二叠世花岗岩：来自乌石1井岩心锆石U-Pb年龄的证据          下载免费PDF全文

郑和荣  罗军  张英  冯建赟  曾彦  王鸣川 《中国地质》2022,49(4):1350-1352

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南海冬季海浪的时空变率特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

ZHU Geli  LIN Wantao  ZHAO Sen  CAO Yanhua 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(1):23-28

The spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the waves in the South China Sea(SCS) in the boreal winter during the period of 1979/1980–2011/2012 have been investigated based on the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts interim(ERA-Interim) reanalysis dataset. The results show that the leading mode of significant wave height anomalies(SWHA) in the SCS exhibits significant interannual variation and a decadal shift around the mid-1990 s, and features a basin-wide pattern in the entire SCS with a center located in the west of the Luzon Strait. The decadal change from a weak regime to a strong regime is mainly associated with the enhancement of winter monsoon modulated by the Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO). The interannual variation of the SWHA has a significant negative correlation with the El Ni?o Southern Oscillation(ENSO) in the same season and the preceding autumn. For a better understanding of the physical mechanism between the SCS ocean waves and ENSO, further investigation is made by analyzing atmospheric circulation. The impact of the ENSO on the SWHA over the SCS is bridged by the East Asian winter monsoon and Pacific-East Asian teleconnection in the lower troposphere. During the El Ni?o(La Ni?a), the anomalous Philippine Sea anticyclone(cyclone) dominates over the Western North Pacific, helps to weaken(enhance) East Asian winter monsoon and then emerges the negative(positive) SWHA in the SCS.  相似文献