An experimental investigation into the compaction characteristic of granulated gangue backfilling materials modified with binders     

Baiyi Li  Feng Ju 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(7):284

Solid backfill mining has apparent technical advantages in extracting coal resource under sensitive surface structures such as buildings and roads; meanwhile, as an effective method of disposing mining wastes, it works well in solving some environmental problems caused by mining activities. In addition, the controlling effect of solid backfill mining is directly related to the compaction characteristic of backfilling materials. The present study aims to modify the backfilling materials by assessing the effect of binders (cement, fly ash, and lime) on the compaction characteristic of granulated gangue backfilling materials. The compaction test was performed with rock mechanic test system equipped with a self-made circular cylinder apparatus. From the results obtained, cement is not the suitable binder for modifying the gangues backfilling materials, while fly ash or lime, when the dosage is up to 20 wt%, is beneficial to the compaction characteristic of backfilling materials. The relationship between strain behavior and micro-structure of backfilling materials was investigated by SEM and the effect of fly ash or lime on the strain behavior of backfilling materials could be associated with its cementation and gap-filling effect.  相似文献   

A GIS-based method of risk assessment on no. 11 coal-floor water inrush from Ordovician limestone in Hancheng mining area,China     

Gelian Dai  Xiaoyuan Xue  Ke Xu  Lei Dong  Chao Niu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(22):714

The no. 11 coal seam in the deep area of Hancheng mining area is mining in recent years, which is threatened by the water inrush from the Ordovician limestone aquifer. Coal-floor water inrush is governed by the water abundance of coal-floor aquifer, the water-resisting performance of coal-floor aquitard, and the pathway connecting the water source and the working face. To make an accuracy risk assessment of water inrush from the no. 11 coal seam floor, a GIS-based vulnerability index method (VIM) is adopted for its superior comprehensive consideration of more controlling factors, powerful spatial analysis, and intuitively display functions. This study firstly established an index system including the water pressure of the coal-floor aquifer, the unit water inflow, the thickness, the core recovery percentage, the thickness ratio of brittle rocks to ductile rocks, the thickness of effective aquitard, and the accumulated length of faults and folds, of which the former six indexes governed the water abundance of the coal-floor aquifer which was combined with the last two factors to determine the risk of coal-floor water inrush. Secondly, the thematic map of each controlling factor is established by GIS using the geological prospecting data, and the weight of each factor is determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) after consulting the expert review panel. At last, a vulnerability index is obtained and used to assess the risk of coal-floor water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam. The risk of water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam of the study area was ranked to three zones: the southeastern shallow area in red color is the dangerous zone, the wide northwestern area in green color is the safe zone, and the transition area in yellow color is the moderate-risk zone. Compared with the actual water-inrush incidents, the risk assessment result was verified to achieve an accuracy of 82.35%, which is proved to be a dependable reference for the prevention and controlling of coal-floor water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam in Hancheng mining area.  相似文献   

Experimental and numerical investigation on coal drawing from thick steep seam with longwall top coal caving mining     

Jin-wang Zhang  Jia-chen Wang  Wei-jie Wei  Yi Chen  Zheng-yang Song 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(5):96

Steep coal seam mining activities will frequently occur during the next few decades in China. In this study, both experimental and numerical methods are employed to investigate the coal drawing from thick steep seam with longwall top coal caving mining. A series of analyses is performed to investigate the features of the drawing body, the distribution of top coal recovery ratio and the shape of the rock flow under steep conditions. The results indicate that the drawing body of top coal develops prior to upper side of the panel face obviously, and the top coal in the central part of the panel has a higher recovery ratio than that in the lower and upper parts in steep coal seam with caving mining method. The flow paths of the fragmented top coal are nearly straight lines moving towards the drawing window, and the fastest path maintains a constant angle with the plumb line. The spatial shape of the rock flow indicates “bidirectional asymmetry,” which results from the presence of the shield beam and dip angle of the coal seam; thus, this is the root cause of the appearance of the drawing body’s prior development towards the upper side of the panel. The field observation data indicates the same distribution of top coal recovery as that in the physical experiment and numerical simulation. Furthermore, suggested measurements are proposed to improve top coal recovery in steep seam mining based on the engineering practice of Dayuan coal mine.  相似文献   

开鲁盆地陆家堡凹陷绍根地区早白垩世裂陷期后沉积构造演化与铀矿化特征     

吴兆剑  韩效忠  胡航 《沉积学报》2018,36(1):20-32

作为中国北方主要产煤铀盆地之一,松辽盆地西南缘开鲁盆地一直是铀矿找矿工作的重点区域。基于开鲁盆地陆西凹陷绍根地区煤田勘探过程中发现的大量伽马异常信息,对该区展开煤田资料的铀矿二次开发,并钻探发现了铀矿化显示。在此背景下,对绍根地区早白垩世裂陷期晚期至今沉积地层展开地层精细对比划分、沉积环境和构造演化分析、铀成矿类型和赋矿规律探讨。综合分析认为:1）绍根地区自早白垩世阜新期以来发育阜新组、姚家组、嫩江组、四方台组和泰康组,泉头-青山口组、明水组缺失。2）绍根地区阜新期为断陷期末期深湖-湖沼相沉积,发育多层煤;之后受燕山运动影响,阜新期末发生构造反转,泉头-姚家期早期处于构造隆升的欠补偿时期,阜新组顶部遭受剥蚀,泉头-姚家早期未接受沉积;姚家晚期-嫩江期为热沉降坳陷阶段,发育冲积扇相和滨浅湖-半深湖相沉积;四方台期为挤压反转期,地层快速隆升,发育冲洪积扇沉积。3）嫩江组和四方台组为绍根地区主要赋矿层,其中嫩江组发育泥岩型铀矿体,四方台组发育砂岩型铀矿体。4）泥岩型铀矿体顺层呈中心向下凹的薄板状发育,为典型的同生沉积成岩成矿;砂岩型铀矿体呈板状,主要赋存于四方台组底部红褐色与灰绿色交界部位的灰绿色砂砾岩中,其成矿类型可能为潜水氧化型。上述成果认识与钱家店等邻区有较大差异,对绍根地区下一步的铀矿找矿工作具有较好的指导意义。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地东缘中侏罗统头屯河组层序地层与沉积演化   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

李欢  邹灏  李欣宇  黄澎涛  张强  殷栋法  司马献章  俞秖安 《沉积与特提斯地质》2018,38(1):41-52

为揭示准噶尔盆地东缘中侏罗统头屯河组(J2t)层序地层特征及其沉积充填规律,结合露头、岩心及测井资料并运用高分辨率层序地层理论,对研究区头屯河组层序地层进行划分对比,对其沉积相展布特征和沉积环境演化规律进行研究。结果表明:头屯河组可划分出个1个Ⅲ级旋回、3个Ⅳ级旋回及9个Ⅴ级旋回,沉积物岩性以砂砾岩和泥岩为主,沉积环境主要为辫状河、辫状河三角洲和滨浅湖,发育向上"变深"对称型和非对称型的两种结构类型。头屯河组沉积时期湖泊较浅,沉积基底平缓,湖泊边缘坡度小,在头屯河组下段(J2t1)时期到头屯河组上段(J2t2)段时期经历了湖侵演变过程。结合研究区的层序地层和沉积相展布特征,认为研究区中侏罗统头屯河组具有辫状河、辫状河三角洲及湖泊3种沉积环境相结合的沉积演化模式。  相似文献   

Contrasting water–rock interaction behaviors of antimony and arsenic in contaminated rivers around an antimony mine,Hunan Province,China     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(2):125748

Although antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) exhibit similar geochemical behavior and toxicity in the environment, growing evidence suggests that their water–rock interaction behavior in contaminated rivers is quite different. Twenty-nine river water samples were collected between September and November 2018 from contaminated rivers around an antimony mine in Hunan Province, China. The concentrations of As and Sb were inversely proportional to the water flow distance. The rates and magnitudes of Sb decrease were more prominent than those of As. Silicate mineral dissolution from rocks such as silicified limestone increased the As and Sb concentration of in-mine-district (IMD) water. Dissolution of carbonate minerals, ion exchange, and competitive adsorption were the major water–rock interactions, resulting in rapidly decreasing As and Sb concentration in IMD direct impacted water and IMD indirect impacted water. The behaviors of As and Sb during water–rock interaction were dissimilar for areas dominated by carbonate and silicate minerals.  相似文献   

Comprehensive analysis control effect of faults on the height of fractured water-conducting zone in longwall mining     

Wang  Xianhui  Zhu  Shuyun  Yu  Haitao  Liu  Yanxin 《Natural Hazards》2021,108(2):2143-2165

Natural Hazards - In order to examine the height of a fractured water-conducting zone due to the presence of a fault, a typical working face in the Baodian Coal Mine which is located in the Yanzhou...  相似文献   

黔水地1井钻探施工技术难点及对策          下载免费PDF全文

苏舟  张绍和  王文彬  曹函  刘磊磊  肖金成  何红生  郭军 《探矿工程》2021,48(5):54-59

总结了桂中-南盘江地区页岩气调查黔水地1井在钻进过程中出现的严重井漏、卡埋钻、起下钻或通井遇阻等技术难点及相应的处理措施。由于钻遇的地层较为复杂,因此综合采取了回填粘土、商砼封堵、顶漏钻进、岩屑打捞、空气钻进、跟管钻进、套管封隔等多种措施进行处理;此外,结合实际工程应用提出了针对该复杂地层的多种钻井液配方,均取得了一定的效果。处理技术难点的过程中所积累的钻探技术和钻井液技术的优化经验能够为日后黔西南复杂构造区页岩气勘探的实施提供一定的参考依据。  相似文献   

淮南煤田潘集煤矿外围勘查区水压致裂地应力测量研究     

吴基文  张文永  彭华  翟晓荣  沈书豪  孙贵  毕尧山 《工程地质学报》2021,29(4):972-984

为分析淮南煤田潘集煤矿外围勘查区的地应力分布规律,采用水压致裂法及装置,对研究区深部勘查区域地应力进行了测试。本次研究共完成3个钻孔、28个测点的现场实测,3个钻孔深度均超过1400 m,其中最大测点深度为1460 m。通过实测和分析,获得了勘查区的地应力状态及其分布规律。研究结果表明:(1)勘查区深度466~1460 m范围内最大水平主应力为13.62~54.58 MPa,最小水平主应力为11.79~37.93 MPa,最大水平主应力方向为NEE向,实测地应力值随着深度增加成近似线性增长的关系;(2)勘查区最大水平主应力与垂直应力的比值为1.03~1.44,平均比值为1.28,表明勘查区地应力状态以水平应力为主导;(3)在埋深450 m以深地应力场类型表现为构造应力场型,且随深度增加,构造应力显现也增大。测量结果可为勘查区矿井规划与煤炭开采设计提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Heat capacities of synthetic hedenbergite,ferrobustamite and CaFeSi2O6 glass     

《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1987,51(8):2211-2217

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