利用无人机数码影像进行密植型果园单木分割          下载免费PDF全文

徐伟萌  杨浩  李振洪  程金鹏  林哈特  杨贵军 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2022,47(11):1906-1916

单木树冠提取对果树健康状态、营养成分、产量预测具有重要意义。无人机获取的高分辨率遥感影像作为低成本、低风险的数据源,为准确估计棵数、描绘树木冠层轮廓提供了新的技术手段。以往关于单木冠层轮廓提取的研究大多集中在森林或稀疏果园,以局部最大值滤波结果作为基于标记分水岭算法的种子点,该方法在密植型果园的表现并不理想。提出了一种适用于密植型果园、以区域型种子块作为标记的分水岭算法,通过最大似然法提取果树冠层生成冠层数字表面模型,利用高斯滤波结合形态学开运算及自适应阈值分割方法生成区域型种子块,并执行基于种子块标记的分水岭算法,实现密植型果园单木分割。实例研究结果表明,总体棵数查全率为95.22%,查准率为99.09%,得到单木轮廓提取总体准确率为93.45%,总体欠分割误差为5.87%,总体过分割误差为0.90%。与局部最大值种子点提取结果对比,总体准确度提高18.66%,精细树冠轮廓提取精度提高17.75%,可为地形平缓地区密植型果园单棵果树树冠提取提供参考。  相似文献   

面向数据共享的地球系统科学数据分类探讨     

王卷乐  林海  冉盈盈  周玉洁  宋佳  杜佳 《地球科学进展》2014,29(2):265-274

地球系统科学数据共享在国际、国内都有迫切的需求。由于地球系统科学固有的学科交叉性和综合性,如何建立科学、通用的数据分类体系是困扰该领域数据共享和服务的难题。首先综合分析了国际上地球系统科学领域主要的数据分类体系,重点对美国全球变化主目录(GCMD)分类系统及其2005—2013年的演变趋势进行分析,指出当前该数据分类呈现扁平化、两极化的显著特征。在此基础上,重点梳理了国家科技基础条件平台———地球系统科学数据共享平台的用户服务记录,揭示了用户访问频次最高的数据集和检索关键词。结合GCMD系统化、结构化的分类思想和国家地球系统科学数据共享平台用户化的数据服务需求,提出扁平化的地球系统科学数据目录分类和规范化的关键词表体系2种分类模式。  相似文献   

湛江近海有色溶解有机物遥感反演     

余果  付东洋  钟雅枫  刘大召  祁雅莉  罗亚飞 《广东海洋大学学报》2021,(1)

【目的】比较分析湛江近海有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的不同反演算法,并将最佳算法应用于卫星遥感数据,了解湛江近海CDOM空间分布。【方法】基于湛江湾及邻近海域的海上观测资料,利用QAA-E、QAA-Dong和QAA-CDOM三种经典半分析算法以及经验算法反演湛江近海CDOM浓度。【结果与结论】QAA-CDOM算法在三种经典半分析算法中精度最高,平均相对误差(MRE)为28.8%,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.07。同时,利用R_rs(665)/R_rs(444)与a_g(440)进行回归分析,建立CDOM反演的经验算法,决定系数为0.65,验证点的MRE为26.5%,RMSE为0.07。将经验算法应用到Sentinel-2卫星数据,得到CDOM反演空间分布图,显示鉴江口CDOM浓度较高,而硇洲岛附近及离岸较远的海域CDOM浓度较低。  相似文献   

江汉平原北部汉水以东地区新石器晚期文化兴衰与环境的关系   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

史辰羲  莫多闻  刘辉  毛龙江 《第四纪研究》2010,30(2):335-343

新石器晚期江汉平原北部汉水以东地区成为长江中游的文化核心区,出现了文化高度繁荣又快速衰落的逆转,处于发展初期的区域文明走向崩溃。文章基于屈家岭剖面常量元素氧化物和TOC含量的分析结果,综合多种环境要素,探讨汉水下游地区全新世中晚期地貌、气候、水文等环境变化与文化兴衰的关系。研究认为,该地区5.4～4.6kaB.P.的气候整体暖湿,晚期暖湿程度有所降低;4.6～4.2kaB.P.气候较为稳定,温暖湿润程度有所回升; 4.2～2.7kaB.P.气候处于持续变干凉阶段; 2.7～0.5kaB.P.气候温湿程度开始回升,并略有波动,但比4.2kaB.P.前仍然偏干凉。以岗状平原为主的江汉平原北部地区优越的地理环境,整体暖湿的气候,为屈家岭文化、石家河文化的高度繁荣提供了环境基础,该时期的聚落数量和分布密度达到了长江中游新石器时期的最高峰。石家河晚期的气候变干变凉,对文化发展产生了一定影响,但不是石家河文化衰落的主要原因。该地区5～3kaB.P.的水位存在波动上升的趋势,这种变化主要受构造沉降、全新世以来海面上升和泥沙淤积的控制。江湖水位的波动上升而引起的洪患加剧,及人类活动向地势低平的江汉平原腹地扩展,这种水文过程和社会发展过程的矛盾,到石家河文化晚期尤为突出,可能是导致石家河文化走向衰落的主要原因。该地区内部或同其他地区之间的冲突可能加速了石家河文化的崩溃。  相似文献   

Permeability estimation conditioned to geophysical downhole log data in sandstones of the northern Galilee Basin,Queensland: Methods and application     

《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2013

This study uses borehole geophysical log data of sonic velocity and electrical resistivity to estimate permeability in sandstones in the northern Galilee Basin, Queensland. The prior estimates of permeability are calculated according to the deterministic log–log linear empirical correlations between electrical resistivity and measured permeability. Both negative and positive relationships are influenced by the clay content. The prior estimates of permeability are updated in a Bayesian framework for three boreholes using both the cokriging (CK) method and a normal linear regression (NLR) approach to infer the likelihood function. The results show that the mean permeability estimated from the CK-based Bayesian method is in better agreement with the measured permeability when a fairly apparent linear relationship exists between the logarithm of permeability and sonic velocity. In contrast, the NLR-based Bayesian approach gives better estimates of permeability for boreholes where no linear relationship exists between logarithm permeability and sonic velocity.  相似文献   

The cause of the 2008 cold disaster in the Taiwan Strait     

《Ocean Modelling》2013

The offshore branch of the China Coastal Current in the Taiwan Strait normally makes a U-turn north of the Zhangyun Ridge. In early 2008, the current continued straight and carried water as cold as 14 °C toward Penghu Island, causing damage to the local aquaculture and coral reef ecosystem. This study investigates the mechanism behind this intrusion of cold water using available data and a three-dimensional model.The model results show that the 2008 intrusion can be divided into three stages. At the beginning of February, the offshore branch of the China Coastal Current formed a U-shape in the Taiwan Strait; the branch moved cold water from the western strait to the central strait when the offshore geostrophic current, which is related to the southward sea level and density gradients, overcame the onshore Ekman transport caused by the northeasterly monsoon. In the second stage, in mid-February, strong northeasterly winds intensified the southwest current in the Taiwan Strait and resulted in abnormal transport of the cold water from the central strait to Penghu Island. Finally, at the end of February, the warm northeast current was re-established due to weakened wind, and the cold water gradually retreated to the north. The second processes occurred immediately after the first, resulting in the unique intrusion of cold water.  相似文献   

Absorption features in the quasar HS 1603 + 3820 II. Distance to the absorber obtained from photoionisation modelling     

《New Astronomy》2014

We present the photoionisation modelling of the intrinsic absorber in the bright quasar HS 1603 + 3820. We constructed the broad-band spectral energy distribution using the optical/UV/X-ray observations from different instruments as inputs for the photoionisation calculations. The spectra from the Keck telescope show extremely high Civ to Hi ratios, for the first absorber in system A, named A1. This value, together with high column density of Civ ion, place strong constraints on the photoionisation model. We used two photoionisation codes to derive the hydrogen number density at the cloud illuminated surface. By estimating bolometric luminosity of HS 1603 + 3820 using the typical formula for quasars, we calculated the distance to A1. We could find one photoionization solution, by assuming either a constant density cloud (which was modelled using cloudy), or a stratified cloud (which was modelled using titan), as well as the solar abundances. This model explained both the ionic column density of Civ and the high Civ to Hi ratio. The location of A1 is 0.1 pc, and it is situated even closer to the nucleus than the possible location of the Broad Line Region in this object. The upper limit of the distance is sensitive to the adopted covering factor and the carbon abundance. Photoionisation modelling always prefers dense clouds with the number density n₀ = 10¹⁰ − 10¹² cm⁻³, which explains intrinsic absorption in HS 1603 + 3820. This number density is of the same order as that in the disk atmosphere at the implied distance of A1. Therefore, our results show that the disk wind that escapes from the outermost accretion disk atmosphere can build up dense absorber in quasars.  相似文献   

INTERPOLATION TECHNIQUE FOR SPARSE DATA BASED ON INFORMATION DIFFUSION PRINCIPLE-ELLIPSE MODEL     

张韧  黄志松  李佳讯  刘巍 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2013,19(1):59-66

Addressing the difficulties of scattered and sparse observational data in ocean science,a new interpolation technique based on information diffusion is proposed in this paper.Based on a fuzzy mapping idea,sparse data samples are diffused and mapped into corresponding fuzzy sets in the form of probability in an interpolation ellipse model.To avoid the shortcoming of normal diffusion function on the asymmetric structure,a kind of asymmetric information diffusion function is developed and a corresponding algorithm-ellipse model for diffusion of asymmetric information is established.Through interpolation experiments and contrast analysis of the sea surface temperature data with ARGO data,the rationality and validity of the ellipse model are assessed.  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal modeling of monthly soil temperature using artificial neural networks   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Wei Wu  Xiao-Ping Tang  Nai-Jia Guo  Chao Yang  Hong-Bin Liu  Yue-Feng Shang 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,113(3-4):481-494

Soil temperature data are critical for understanding land–atmosphere interactions. However, in many cases, they are limited at both spatial and temporal scales. In the current study, an attempt was made to predict monthly mean soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm using artificial neural networks (ANNs) over a large region with complex terrain. Gridded independent variables, including latitude, longitude, elevation, topographic wetness index, and normalized difference vegetation index, were derived from a digital elevation model and remote sensing images with a resolution of 1 km. The good performance and robustness of the proposed ANNs were demonstrated by comparisons with multiple linear regressions. On average, the developed ANNs presented a relative improvement of about 44 % in root mean square error, 70 % in mean absolute percentage error, and 18 % in coefficient of determination over classical linear models. The proposed ANN models were then applied to predict soil temperatures at unsampled locations across the study area. Spatiotemporal variability of soil temperature was investigated based on the obtained database. Future work will be needed to test the applicability of ANNs for estimating soil temperature at finer scales.  相似文献   

一种基于场景合成和锚点约束的SAR目标检测网络     

金啸宇  尹嫱  倪军  周勇胜  张帆  洪文 《南京气象学院学报》2020,12(2):210-215

随着深度学习方法在计算机视觉领域的崛起,如何将其应用于具有全天时、全天候等优点的SAR图像也成为一大研究重点.相较于传统图像,SAR图像由于其难判读、应用人群较少等原因难以获得大量标注数据.本文提出一种基于场景合成和锚点约束的SAR图标检测方法.通过区域生长算法和阈值法对SAR车辆目标及其阴影进行分割,然后随机嵌入SAR复杂场景中的合理区域来合成目标检测数据集.针对SAR车辆目标的几何特性、图像分辨率参数,对Faster-RCNN中的锚点大小进行约束,减少不符合SAR车辆目标检测框尺寸的候选框,大量约简冗余计算,提升训练、测试效率及精度.  相似文献