African monsoon variability during the previous interglacial maximum     

E.J. Rohling  T.R. CaneS. Cooke  M. SprovieriI. Bouloubassi  K.C. EmeisR. Schiebel  D. KroonF.J. Jorissen  A. LorreA.E.S. Kemp 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,202(1):61-75

Little is known about centennial- to millennial-scale climate variability during interglacial times, other than the Holocene. We here present high-resolution evidence from anoxic (unbioturbated) sediments in the eastern Mediterranean Sea that demonstrates a sustained ∼800-yr climate disturbance in the monsoonal latitudes during the Eemian interglacial maximum (∼125 ka BP). Results imply that before and after this event, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) penetrated sufficiently beyond the central Saharan watershed (∼21°N) during the summer monsoon to fuel flooding into the Mediterranean along the wider North African margin, through fossil river/wadi systems that to date have been considered only within a Holocene context. Relaxation in the ITCZ penetration during the intra-Eemian event curtailed this flux, but flow from the Nile - with its vast catchment area - was not affected. Previous work suggests a concomitant Eurasian cooling event, with intensified impact of the higher-latitude climate on the Mediterranean basin. The combined signals are very similar to those described for the Holocene cooling event around 8 ka BP. The apparent type of concurrent changes in the monsoon and higher-latitude climate may reflect a fundamental mechanism for variability in the transfer of energy (latent heat) between the tropics and higher latitudes.  相似文献   

Most likely locations of large earthquakes in the Kanto and Tokai areas, Japan, based on the local recurrence times     

Max Wyss  Shozo Matsumura 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2002,131(2):173-184

We examined the hypothesis that minima in local recurrence time, T_L, or equivalently maxima in local probability, P_L, may map asperities in the Kanto and Tokai areas of Japan, where the earthquake catalog of the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) is complete at the M=1.5 (M1.5) level. We mapped T_L (P_L) based on the a- and b-values of the nearest earthquakes within 20 km of every node of a grid spaced 0.01° for M7 target events. Only earthquakes within the top 33 km were used. The b-values increase strongly with depth, in several areas. Therefore, some of the T_L (P_L) anomalies are not revealed if data from the entire crustal seismogenic zone are mixed. Thus, we mapped T_L (P_L) separately for the top 15 km and the rest of the depth range, as well as for the entire seismogenic crust. The resulting T_L- and P_L-maps show that approximately 12% of the total area shows anomalously short recurrence times. Out of six shallow target events with M≥6.5 and which occurred since 1890, five are located within the anomalous areas with T_L <450 years. We interpret this to mean that areas with anomalously short T_L map asperities, which are more likely than other areas to generate future target events. The probability that this result is due to chance is vanishingly small. The great Kanto rupture of 1923 appears to have initiated in the most significant asperity we mapped in the study area. One anomaly is located in the northeastern part of the area of the proposed future rupture of the Tokai earthquake, and another one at its southwestern corner. The absolute values of T_L calculated are uncertain because they depend on the size of the volume used for the calculation.  相似文献   

'Land Moves and Behaves': Indigenous Discourse on Sustainable Land Management in Pichataro, Patzcuaro Basin, Mexico     

Narciso Barrera-Bassols  Alfred Zinck 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2003,85(3-4):229-245

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Assessment of crustal velocity models using seismic refraction and reflection tomography   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Colin A. Zelt  Kalachand Sain  Julia V. Naumenko  Dale S. Sawyer 《Geophysical Journal International》2003,153(3):609-626

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Power-law attenuation in acoustic and isotropic anelastic media   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Hanyga  M. Seredy&#;ska 《Geophysical Journal International》2003,155(3):830-838

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南海西部围区中特提斯东延通道问题   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

周蒂  颜佳新  丘元禧  陈汉宗  孙珍 《地学前缘》2003,10(4):469-477

通过对南海西部围区中生代岩相古地理资料的收集整理和分析,编制了该区T_2,T_3~1,T_3~2,T_3~3,J_1-J_2,J_3-K_1共6个时段的岩相古地理简图,根据其中生代海相地层的时空分布和岩相特征,讨论了尚存争议的中特提斯进入南海的通道问题。实际资料表明,黑水河盆地在三叠纪受印支运动影响完成了从海到陆的过程,之后不再出现海相沉积,中特提斯不可能从红河裂谷带进入南海。在新加坡所见的晚三叠世至早侏罗世浅海至陆相沉积代表古特提斯的残余海,到中侏罗世完全消失。早侏罗世时期在印支半岛南部出现的近南北走向的海湾可能经过泰国湾与当时的滇缅海相通;但是这个海湾浅而短暂,滇缅海能否从这里进入南海值得怀疑,更不可能是中特提斯的通道。在南海西部围区,迄今已证实的中生代洋壳碎片(蛇绿岩套)和深海沉积仅见于南部Woyla—Maratus—Lupar一线及其附近。这套延伸2000余km,从洋壳、深海到浅海岩相齐全的岩石所代表的晚侏罗世至早白垩纪世大洋应是中特提斯洋的一部分。中特提斯东延而最可能是走南路,即从班公一怒江带南下之后,经Woyla线穿过苏门答腊岛,绕加里曼丹岛南缘到Maratus线,向北再经沙巴到Lupar线,在沙捞越北部或纳土纳岛附近进入南海。  相似文献   

Lithospheric structure and continental geodynamics     

许忠淮  石耀霖 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(5):544-560

This paper briefly reviews main progress in the research on lithospheric structure and continental geodynamics made by Chinese geophysicists during last 4 years since 22nd IUGG general assembly in July 1999. The research mainly covers the following fields: investigations on regional lithospheric structure, DSS survey of crust and upper mantle velocity structure, study on present-day inner movement and deformation of Chinese mainland by analyz-ing GPS observations, geodynamics of Qingzang plateau, geophysical survey of the Dabie-Sulu ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt and probing into its formation mechanism, geophysical observations in sedimentary basins and study on their evolution process, and plate dynamics, etc.  相似文献   

西昆仑库地混杂岩带中深海浊积岩的浊积相划分及其特征   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9  

方爱民  侯泉林  李继亮  郝杰  肖文交  周辉 《地质科学》2003,38(1):1-12

西昆仑库地混杂岩带中发育一套深海浊积岩。本文在系统的沉积相分析基础上,识别并划分出本区浊积岩的7类浊积相及14种亚相,结合其成因分别对各浊积相(亚相)的沉积特征、垂向分布规律进行了总结与描述。此外,垂向上还识别出3种浊积相组合,文中对其沉积序列特征及其所代表的环境意义进行了阐述。结合其它资料,探讨了这套浊流沉积的沉积环境,认为它形成于位于消减带和海沟之间的弧前盆地环境。  相似文献   

渤海—鲁西地区白垩-早第三纪裂谷活动——火山岩的地球化学证据   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9  

侯贵廷  钱祥麟  蔡东升 《地质科学》2003,38(1):13-21

渤海—鲁西地区的白垩早第三纪火山岩在渤海东部主要沿郯庐断裂带呈北北东向分布,在渤海西部和鲁西地区主要沿北西向断裂带分布。白垩纪火山岩以安山岩类为主,早第三纪以玄武岩类为主,玄武岩浆源于富集型地幔,即富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,但明显亏损Yb、Ni和Cr等元素。火山岩的Sr和Nd同位素初始比值结果表明白垩纪的火山岩来源于Ⅱ型富集地幔,而早第三纪火山岩来源于接近原始地幔的略富集型地幔。这可能由于早第三纪岩石圈大规模伸展减薄,致使上地幔深部的亏损型物质上涌参与岩浆活动,与富集型地幔混染的结果。  相似文献   

Report of the International Symposium of IGCP-440 and LEGENDS Proposal in Sri Lanka, March-April 2003     

Masaru Yoshida  Yasuhito Osanai  Masaaki Owada  Nobuhiko Nakano  Wilbert K.W. Kehelpannala 《Gondwana Research》2003,6(4):939-941

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