Petrography,chemical composition,and Raman spectra of chrome spinel: Constraints on the diamond potential of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite in Wafangdian,North China Craton     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Conventional diamond exploration seldom searches directly for diamonds in rock and soil samples. Instead, it focuses on the search for indicator minerals like chrome spinel, which can be used to evaluate diamond potential. Chrome spinels are preserved as pristine minerals in the early Paleozoic (∼465 Ma), hydrothermally altered, Group I No. 30 pipe kimberlite that intruded the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou strata in Wafangdian, North China Craton (NCC). The characteristics of the chrome spinels were investigated by petrographic observation (BSE imaging), quantitative chemical analysis (EPMA), and Raman spectral analysis. The results show that the chrome spinels are mostly sub-rounded with extremely few grains being subhedral, and these spinels are macrocrystic, more than 500 µm in size. The chrome spinels also have compositional zones: the cores are classified as magnesiochromite as they have distinctly chromium-rich (Cr₂O₃ up to 66.56 wt%) and titanium-poor (TiO₂ < 1 wt%) compositions; and the rims are classified as magnetite as they have chromium-poor and iron-rich composition. In the cores of chrome spinels, compositional variations are controlled by Al³⁺-Cr³⁺ isomorphism, which results in a strong Raman spectra peak (A_1g mode) varying from 690 cm⁻¹ to 702.9 cm⁻¹. In the rims of chrome spinel, compositional variations result in the A_1g peak varying from 660 cm⁻¹ to 672 cm⁻¹. The morphology and chemical compositions indicate that the chrome spinels are mantle xenocrysts. The cores of the spinel are remnants of primary mantle xenocrysts that have been resorbed, and the rims were formed during kimberlite magmatism. The compositions of the cores are used to evaluate the diamond potential of this kimberlite through comparison with the compositions of chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites in the NCC. In MgO, Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ versus Cr₂O₃ plots, the chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites are mostly located in the diamond stability field. However, only a small proportion of chrome spinels from No. 30 pipe kimberlite have same behavior, which indicates that the diamond potential of the former two kimberlites is greater than that of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite. This is also supported by compositional zones in the spinel grains: there is with an increase in Fe³⁺ in the rims, which suggests that the chrome spinels experienced highly oxidizing conditions. Oxidizing conditions may have been imparted by fluids/melts that have a great influence on diamond destruction. Here, we suggest that chrome spinel compositions can be a useful tool for identifying the target for diamond potential in the North China Craton.  相似文献   

A prediction model for important mineral resources in China     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Prediction models for mineral resources provide an analytical foundation and method to express the results of resource evaluations. The project “China National Mineral Resources Assessment Initiative” was conducted during 2006–2013, with the aim to determine the location, quantity, and quality of 25 important mineral resources occurring at depths of <1 km. There are currently 80 integrated prediction models on the scale of III–level metallogenic belts in use across China. The Huangshaping Pb–Zn polymetallic deposit, Hunan province, China, is used as a case study to establish methods and processes for developing a mineral resource prediction model that would be used for exploration targeting. The construction of prediction models requires the development of a classification scheme for the proposed prediction method appropriate for the prediction area. An initial metallogenic model is quantitatively transformed to a prospecting model, and then a prediction model. The incorporation of additional methodology, analysis of a comprehensive geological database, and correlation of asymmetric information between the well–explored typical deposit area and regional prediction area, yield an integrated prediction model. This paper also discusses the prediction modeling theory, and presents 12 models used for mineral assessments.  相似文献   

内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗舒哈迪铅锌多金属矿成矿特征     

张永正  张赋  鞠文信  贾林柱 《地质与资源》2010,19(4):302-305

舒哈迪铅锌多金属矿床赋存在发育于奥陶系中统多宝山组细碧岩、石英角斑岩岩系中的断裂构造蚀变带内,矿体呈脉状、透镜状,受舒哈迪背斜构造及其伴生的断裂构造控制,铅锌矿石成分简单,伴生有银和铜.围岩蚀变主要为黄铁矿化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化、绢云母化和碳酸盐化,具有不明显的分带性.成矿物质来源于奥陶系中统多宝山组变质岩系,成矿热液来源于隐伏的岩浆侵入体,矿床成因属于岩浆热液充填（脉）型铅锌多金属矿床,矿床形成时代为燕山早-中期.  相似文献   

内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗大杨树一带膨润土矿地质特征     

李英雷  宋广超  田华  成帅  任燕飞  李健 《地质与资源》2010,19(4):306-310

通过对内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗大杨树一带膨润土矿地层、构造、围岩蚀变等地质特征的调查研究,查明矿体主要赋存于白垩系下统龙江组的岩屑晶屑凝灰岩及角砾岩中.矿体分为东西两部分,根据埋藏深度和成矿条件,东部矿体分为4层,西部矿体分为3层.通过对矿石的物理化学性能分析,确定了该区膨润土矿石类型属钙基、蒙脱石型,并初步确定矿体的成因类型为火山碎屑蚀变型.  相似文献   

陕西旬阳砂硐沟汞锑矿含矿构造特征及成矿物质来源探讨     

赵新科  曹林杰  申玉科  李伟松  马云峰  刘亚莉  王晓虎  孙健  刘利民 《地质力学学报》2016,22(2):199-211

陕西旬阳砂硐沟汞锑矿富集区汞锑含矿体受褶皱构造（背斜）和断裂构造的联合控制。通过对控（含）矿构造、富矿空间的构造次序以及结构面组合特征等的详细研究,对初步建立的"背斜+一刀"的成矿模式进行了完善。成矿流体、稀土分析等综合研究显示成矿物质可能来源于地壳深部。已有的勘查工程及找矿成果表明,本矿集区具有较大的找矿潜力。   相似文献   

河南省偃龙煤田深部铝土矿床地质特征     

李建全  周红春  曹高社  张清  陈光  陈永才  杨园园 《地质与资源》2016,25(4):345-350

偃龙煤田深部铝土矿矿床是豫西典型的隐伏铝土矿床,赋存于中奥陶统侵蚀面之上的石炭系本溪组中.含矿岩系的厚度及矿体形态受古岩溶面控制,构造对矿体影响较大.矿石主要矿物成分为一水硬铝石、高岭石、伊利石等含铝矿物.上部铝质泥岩以高岭石为主,下部铝质泥岩以伊利石为主.铝土矿共生矿产综合开发价值大,伴生矿产有待进一步研究.  相似文献   

湖南耒阳东山下锰矿地质特征及找矿前景分析     

谢朝晖  唐卫国  李剑 《华南地质与矿产》2009,(2):24-29

东山下锰矿是舂陵水两岸风化淋滤型氧化锰矿的典型矿床之一,二叠系孤峰组硅质岩是锰矿的赋存层位,SN向挤压破碎带是矿区的导矿和容矿构造,矿区的地层、岩性、含锰建造、地质构造、气候和地貌等条件均对成矿十分有利,分析研究此类矿床成因进而寻找类似锰矿床对缺锰地区具重要意义.  相似文献   

东营市中心城区地热田地热回灌可行性分析     

张新文  ;胡彩萍  ;胡松涛  ;张学斌 《山东地质》2009,(8):17-20

利用东营市中心城区鲁班公寓的地热生产井,对新近纪馆陶组和古近纪东营组热储层进行了自然压力条件下的异层和同层回灌试验。结果表明,回灌量与水头升高呈正相关关系,单位回灌量与水头升高呈负相关关系,馆陶组东热2井回灌能力为东营组东热。井的3倍左右。通过对该地热田热储地质条件、回灌能力及地热水开采潜力的分析,认为目前条件下东营城区还不适宜全面推行地热回灌。  相似文献   

山东乳山英格庄金矿床地质特征及成因浅析     

邱介玲  ;王厚琴  ;丁正江  ;周会青  ;姜瑞源  ;耿仙湖 《山东地质》2009,(12):26-30

英格庄金矿为胶东牟平-乳山成矿带上的一个中型金矿床。该矿床矿体严格受金牛山断裂带控制,呈脉状、透镜状和囊状平行斜列式产出;矿体平均厚1．58～1．98m,平均品位3．96×10^-6～4．77×10^-6。矿石类型主要为黄铁矿石英脉型;矿石中金属矿物主要为银金矿、自然金、黄铁矿等。围岩蚀变包括绢云母化、硅化、绿泥石化、黄铁矿化等。研究表明,英格庄金矿床为一中低温热液脉型金矿,属Groves等提出的造山型金矿范畴。  相似文献   

环境同位素特征对滨海岩溶地区海水入侵过程的指示意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨吉龙  韩冬梅  苏小四  肖国强  赵长荣  宋庆春  汪娜 《地球科学进展》2012,27(12):1344-1352

大连大魏家水源地位于中国北方典型滨海岩溶地区。近30年来,地下淡水的不合理开采造成的地下水位降落漏斗引发了严重的海水入侵。以大魏家水源地为研究对象,通过大量的水文地质调查和水化学及同位素采样测试分析,探讨海水入侵形成的水动力条件,通过分析滨海岩溶含水层中地下水主要水化学和多种同位素(δ2H-δ18O,δ34S,δ13C)组成特征,识别了海水入侵过程中发生的主要水文地球化学作用,并对其进行了定量模拟,从而阐明了岩溶含水层中的海水入侵机理。研究结果表明:大连大魏家海水入侵主要通道为大魏家地区存在的导水断裂、岩溶裂隙以及第四系松散地层。对δ2H-δ18O同位素的组成分析表明,研究区地下水主要来自大气降水补给,结合Cl-浓度分布,认为除海水入侵淡水含水层后增加了地下水中的盐分外,浅层地下水的蒸发也对地下水中盐分的累积起到了重要作用。根据不同水体中δ34SSO4,δ13CHCO3等同位素特征,结合水化学成分(如SO2-4,Cl-)分析认为,研究区微咸水和咸水并不是地下水淡水和海水简单混合而成。利用反向水文地球化学模拟揭示了控制滨海岩溶含水层中水化学演化的主要水文地球化学反应有方解石、蒙脱石和石膏的溶解作用,伊利石的沉淀作用以及Ca-Na离子交换作用,伴随着CO2的释放。  相似文献