Evolution of the Late Cretaceous Yongfeng-Chongren Basin in Jiangxi Province,southeast China: insights from sedimentary facies analysis and pebble counting   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Liu-qin Chen  Fu-sheng Guo  Chao Tang 《山地科学学报》2016,13(2):342-351

The Gan-Hang Belt in Southeast China is characterized by several igneous and siliciclastic basins associated with crustal extension during Late Mesozoic. The sedimentary evolution of the red basins is still poorly understood. In this study, sedimentary facies analysis and pebble counting were performed on outcrop sections of the Late Cretaceous Guifeng Group in the Yongfeng-Chongren Basin in central Jiangxi Province. Thirty-five conglomerate outcrops were chosen to measure pebble lithology, size, roundness, weathering degree and preferred orientation. Results show that gravels are mostly fine to coarse pebbles and comprise dominantly quartzites, metamorphic rocks, granitoids and sandstones. Rose diagrams based on imbricated pebbles indicate variable paleocurrent directions. Combining with typical sedimentary structures and vertical successions, we suggest that the Guifeng Group were deposited in alluvial fan, river and playa lake depositional systems. The proposed depositional model indicates that the Hekou Formation represents the start-up stage of the faulted basin, accompanied by sedimentation in alluvial fan and braided river environments. Then this basin turned into a stable expansion stage during the deposition of the Tangbian Formation. Except for minor coarse sediments at the basin margin, the other area is covered with fine-grained sediments of lake and river environments. The Lianhe Formation, however, is once again featured by conglomerates, suggesting a probable tectonic event. Therefore, the study region possibly suffered two tectonic events represented by the conglomerates of the Hekou and Lianhe formations in the context of the crustal extension in Southeast China.  相似文献   

赣南地区石英脉型钨矿成矿流体特征   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

周龙全  李光来  唐傲  苏晔 《华东地质》2016,(2):136-146

赣南是我国钨矿床最密集的地区,尤以石英脉型钨矿最为发育。本文通过分析近年来该区石英脉型钨矿流体包裹体类型、流体包裹体特征、显微测温、激光拉曼光谱等方面的最新成果,结合碳、氢、氧及锶同位素的研究成果,探讨赣南石英脉型钨矿的流体特征,重点探讨石英脉型钨矿形成过程中的流体演化。认为赣南石英脉型钨矿成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水,流体演化始于高温高盐度的岩浆—热液过渡阶段,与黑钨矿沉淀密切相关的流体温度主要集中于260~360℃,盐度主要集中于4~9wt%NaCl eq.,属中—低盐度、富含SiO_2、挥发组分及多种成矿元素的热液体系;矿质主要以流体沸腾和混合作用为主,自然冷却仅为少数矿床的主要矿石沉淀机制。  相似文献   

Platinum-group Mineral (PGM) and Base-metal Sulphide (BMS) Inclusions in Chromitites of the Zedang Ophiolite, Southern Tibet, China and their Petrogenetic Significance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GUO Guolin  YANG Jingsui  Paul T. ROBINSON  LIU Xiaodong  XU Xiangzhen  XIONG Fahui 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(3):900-912

Voluminous platinum-group mineral(PGM) inclusions including erlichmanite(Os,Ru)S_2, laurite(Ru,Os)S_2, and irarsite(Ir,Os,Ru,Rh)As S, as well as native osmium Os(Ir) and inclusions of base metal sulphides(BMS), including millerite(NiS), heazlewoodite(Ni_3S_2), covellite(CuS) and digenite(Cu_3S_2), accompanied by native iron, have been identified in chromitites of the Zedang ophiolite, Tibet. The PGMs occur as both inclusions in magnesiochromite grains and as small interstitial granules between them; most are less than 10 μm in size and vary in shape from euhedral to anhedral. They occur either as single or composite(biphase or polyphase) grains composed solely of PGM, or PGM associated with silicate grains. Os-, Ir-, and Ru-rich PGMs are the common species and Pt-, Pd-, and Rh-rich varieties have not been identified. Sulfur fugacity and temperature appear to be the main factors that controlled the PGE mineralogy during crystallization of the host chromitite in the upper mantle. If the activity of chalcogenides(such as S, and As) is low, PGE clusters will remain suspended in the silicate melt until they can coalesce to form alloys. Under appropriate conditions of ?S_2 and ?O_2, PGE alloys might react with the melt to form sulfides-sulfarsenides. Thus, we suggest that the Os, Ir and Ru metallic clusters and alloys in the Zedang chromitites crystallized first under high temperature and low ?S_2, followed by crystallization of sulphides of the laurite-erlichmanite, solid-solution series as the magma cooled and ?S_2 increased. The abundance of primary BMS in the chromitites suggests that ?S_2 reached relatively high values during the final stages of magnesiochromite crystallization. The diversity of the PGE minerals, in combination with differences in the petrological characteristics of the magnesiochromites, suggest different degrees of partial melting, perhaps at different depths in the mantle. The estimated parental magma composition suggests formation in a suprasubduction zone environment, perhaps in a forearc.  相似文献   

Enhancing the performance of regional land cover mapping     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2016

Different pixel-based, object-based and subpixel-based methods such as time-series analysis, decision-tree, and different supervised approaches have been proposed to conduct land use/cover classification. However, despite their proven advantages in small dataset tests, their performance is variable and less satisfactory while dealing with large datasets, particularly, for regional-scale mapping with high resolution data due to the complexity and diversity in landscapes and land cover patterns, and the unacceptably long processing time. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the comparatively highest performance of an operational approach based on integration of multisource information ensuring high mapping accuracy in large areas with acceptable processing time. The information used includes phenologically contrasted multiseasonal and multispectral bands, vegetation index, land surface temperature, and topographic features. The performance of different conventional and machine learning classifiers namely Malahanobis Distance (MD), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Random Forests (RFs) was compared using the same datasets in the same IDL (Interactive Data Language) environment. An Eastern Mediterranean area with complex landscape and steep climate gradients was selected to test and develop the operational approach. The results showed that SVMs and RFs classifiers produced most accurate mapping at local-scale (up to 96.85% in Overall Accuracy), but were very time-consuming in whole-scene classification (more than five days per scene) whereas ML fulfilled the task rapidly (about 10 min per scene) with satisfying accuracy (94.2–96.4%). Thus, the approach composed of integration of seasonally contrasted multisource data and sampling at subclass level followed by a ML classification is a suitable candidate to become an operational and effective regional land cover mapping method.  相似文献   

Geochemical evidence for thin syn-collision crust and major crustal thickening between 45 and 32 Ma at the southern margin of Tibet     

《Gondwana Research》2019

Geochemical data on widely distributed igneous rocks of southern Tibet are used to reconstruct paleo-crustal thickness during the 50+ million years that have elapsed since the onset of the India-Asia collision. We use two approaches, one based on Nd isotopes and an assimilation-recharge model for granitic magma genesis and another empirical method based on trace element geochemistry (La/Yb). The focus is on granitic rocks of two age ranges in a segment of the southern Lhasa Block between approximately 89.5° and 92.5°E longitude. One age range, 45 to 62 Ma, spans the time of the onset of collision and for which we infer the geochemistry of granitic rocks reflects mainly pre-collision structure. The other age range is 21 to 9 Ma for the Nd isotopic approach, and 32 to 9 Ma for La/Yb, where the geochemistry must reflect post-collision structure. Our results suggest that the pre- and syn-collision southern margin of the Lhasa block, that portion now located within 50–60 km of the Indus-Yarlung suture (IYS) and south of 29.8°N latitude was relatively thin, about 25–35 km thick until 45 Ma. At approximately 29.8°-29.9°N latitude there was a pronounced crustal discontinuity, and north of that latitude (for a distance that we cannot constrain), the inferred crustal thickness was greater, at least 50–55 km, as indicated by latest Cretaceous and Early Tertiary granitoids and ignimbrites that have large fractions of assimilated continental crust and high La/Yb ratios. Post-collision Nd isotopic and La/Yb data from granitoids younger than 32 Ma suggest that the southern margin south of 29.8°N was thickened substantially to at least 55–60 km (based on Nd isotopes) and possibly as much as 70–75 km (based on La/Yb) by Early to mid-Miocene time. These observations require that thickening of the southern Lhasa Block margin in the period 45–32 Ma was non-uniform; the crust now within 60 km of the suture was thickened by approximately 40 km whereas the crust north of 29.9°N latitude was thickened much less, or not at all. The region currently between 29.8°N and the YTS may have been the highest elevation mountain terrane in the period from roughly 30 to 20 Ma. The amount of Miocene denudation reflects this difference, as there is evidence of substantially more denudation near the IYS than in the region north of 29.9°N. Some of the difference in thickening could be due to magmatic additions from the mantle in the region south of 29.8°N, but there is need for at least 30 km of tectonic thickening between 45 and 32 Ma. The non-uniform thickening suggests that the high elevations at the southern margin of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen propagated southward by about 200 km, from north of Lhasa to their present position, during the period from 50 to 20 Ma. Present crustal thickness requires an additional 10–15 km of more uniform post-Miocene thickening.  相似文献   

First paleomagnetic data for the New Siberian Islands: Implications for Arctic paleogeography     

《Gondwana Research》2016

In this paper we present new paleomagnetic and paleontological data from the Ordovician and Silurian carbonate rocks of Kotelny Island (the Anjou Archipelago), and from the Ordovician turbidities of Bennett Island (the De Long Archipelago). It is assumed that both archipelagos belong to the NSI (New Siberian Islands) terrane — a key tectonic element in the Arctic region. Ages of the studied rocks have been established by paleontological data and lithological correlations. Our new data on conodonts combined with those from previous studies of Ordovician and Silurian fauna indicate a biogeographic similarity between the shelves of the Siberian paleocontinent and the NSI in the Early Paleozoic. Three new paleomagnetic poles for the NSI (48.9°N, 13.8°E, A₉₅ = 18.1° for 475 Ma; 45.5°N, 31.9°E, A₉₅ = 11.0° for 465 Ma, and 33.7°N, 55.7°E, A₉₅ = 11.0° for 435 Ma) fall between the south-eastern part of Central Europe and the Zagros Mountains. The similarity of paleomagnetic directions from Kotelny and Bennet islands confirms that both the Anjou and De Long archipelagos belong to the same terrane. Calculated paleolatitudes indicate that in Ordovician–Silurian times this terrane has been located between 30° and 45°, possibly in the northern hemisphere. Based on this observation, we suggest a linkage between the NSI and the Kolyma–Omolon superterrane. Comparison of apparent polar wander paths (APWPs) of the NSI, Siberia and other cratons/terranes suggests that the NSI drifted independently. We demonstrate that the structural line between Svyatoy Nos Peninsula and Great Lyakhovsky Island is the continuation of the Kolyma Loop suture on the Arctic shelf, and expect that the continuation of the South Anyui suture is to be found east of the NSI.  相似文献   

The antisymmetric factor method for magnetic reduction to the pole at low latitudes     

《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2013

We analyze the characteristics of the wavenumber-domain factor for magnetic reduction to the pole (RTP) at low latitudes, and then propose a new wavenumber-domain method for RTP at low latitudes, herein called the antisymmetric factor method, based on modification of the RTP factor. The method applies the antisymmetric factor in a given scope of directions centered along the magnetic declination to suppress amplification of the RTP factor, stabilizing the RTP. Meanwhile it utilizes the routine RTP factor in other directions to preserve the effective RTP features. The test on the synthetic data demonstrates that the method is robust and effective. Finally, we use the new method, as well as a variable magnetic inclinations algorithm, to perform RTP on the real data of total magnetic intensity anomalies in the South China Sea, and obtain the reliable RTP anomalies.  相似文献   

巴音戈壁盆地巴音戈壁组上段古盐度恢复及意义     

高宏霞  刘晓东  刘平辉  孟平虹  向龙  饶耕玮 《高校地质学报》2022,28(4):539-553

巴音戈壁盆地巴音戈壁组上段泥岩是中国高放废物深地质处置的目标研究层位之一,目前缺乏对该地层湖相泥岩粘土矿物组合特征及古盐度影响因素的相关认识。文章应用全岩的B含量、Sr/Ba比值、Rb/K比值及Na+K质量分数等方法和X衍射测试分析技术对巴音戈壁组上段古盐度进行综合判别。分析得出：（1）巴音戈壁组上段以半深湖—深湖沉积环境为主,发育有厚层深灰色泥岩,以半深湖至深湖相沉积为主;（2）研究区目的层岩性结构为泥粉质,该段泥岩伊利石、蒙脱石、伊蒙混层发育较好,绿泥石和高岭石极少;（3）选取样品的Sr/Ba、Rb/K、B/Ga、Na+K值同Couch公式恢复的古盐度变化趋向相似,其水体以半咸水、微咸为主;（4）随着深度增加,TZK-1井、TZK-2井的古盐度呈规律变化,具有升高—降低特点,与伊利石含量的变化一致,并且古盐度变化与古气候及氧化还原的相关研究在该岩性段位耦合。综上表明：目标区古盐度的研究不仅有利于湖盆古沉积环境的恢复,而且有助于揭示古盐度的变化特征对粘土矿物组合特征及演化的影响,为后期深入研究粘土矿物对核素吸附性能及核素在泥岩中的迁移情况提供一定依据。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖流域赣江下游水化学特征及人类健康风险评价     

吴通航  刘海燕  张卫民  孙占学  王振  刘茂涵 《现代地质》2022,36(2):427-438

人类活动对鄱阳湖赣江流域水质的影响受到广泛关注,厘清流域内污染水体对人类的健康风险状况有利于更好地保护和利用水资源。本研究于赣江下游采集39个地下水和16个地表水样,在分析其水化学特征和影响因素的基础上,对地下水水化学成分演变进行反向模拟,并对地下水水质以及潜在非致癌风险进行评价。结果表明,研究区地下水呈弱酸性-中性(pH=5.47~7.60),以HCO₃-Ca-Mg型水为主,部分为Cl-Ca-Mg型水,硅酸岩风化和矿物溶解-沉淀作用是水化学类型形成的主要控制因素;地表水呈中性-弱碱性(pH=6.94~8.19),主要为HCO₃-Cl-Ca-Na型水,其形成与硅酸岩风化、大气降水和人类活动有关。PHREEQC模拟计算结果表明,地下水中大部分矿物饱和指数(SI)为负数,其中岩盐的SI为-7.80~-9.53,指示该矿物溶解剧烈;白云石、石膏和方解石的SI分别为-1.72~-6.39、-1.65~-3.96、-0.51~-3.09,表明三种矿物呈溶解趋势。反向模拟结果显示,赣江干流地下水化学特征演变过程经历了Ca-蒙脱石、岩盐、白云石溶解和方解石沉淀,同时消耗CO₂;支流中命名为NCGW-3的路径表现为高岭石、方解石、玉髓和白云石溶解,石膏、Ca-蒙脱石、黑云母和斜长石沉淀,同时产生CO₂,可能与人为作用的干扰有关。其余支流地下水反向模拟结果与干流结果相似。熵权水质指数(EWQI)计算结果表明,干流地下水水质优于支流地下水,沿赣江受Mn、N {\mathrm{O}}_3^{-}影响水质降低;地下水非致癌潜在风险主要为对婴儿存在严重风险,其次是儿童,对成年男性和成年女性风险相对较小,支流水质存在的潜在风险相较于干流更为显著。  相似文献   

赣粤界山发现花岗伟晶岩型铍多金属矿     

赵如意  王登红 《矿床地质》2023,42(6):1305-1309

花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床主要产出于后碰撞到非造山构造背景,同期多阶段复式岩体中,侧向侵位的晚阶段高分异花岗岩是有利的成矿母岩。南岭成矿带发育稀有金属矿化的花岗岩很多,花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床却较罕见。贵东岩体具备花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属的成矿条件,“界山”有利于矿体保存。笔者通过野外查证,在贵东岩体赣粤界山附近的龟尾山和牛牯石地段均发现含绿柱石花岗伟晶岩,该花岗伟晶岩脉铍矿化强烈,脉体规模和矿物分带性特征表明其找矿潜力大,综合利用价值高。此发现不仅补充了南岭成矿带的稀有金属成矿类型,还表明二（白）云母花岗岩的小岩体周边也有可能发现花岗伟晶岩型铍多金属矿床。  相似文献