南秦岭构造带中段晚中生代陆内变形特征与侧向挤出构造   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈虹  胡健民  武国利  田蜜 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(6):1906-1927

南秦岭构造带位于秦岭造山带南部,在中生代时期经历了复杂的陆内变形过程。在晚中生代阶段,南秦岭构造带内发育一系列平行造山带的走滑断裂带。目前对于这些走滑断裂带不同构造位置的变形特征、变形叠加关系以及动力学机制等方面的认识并不充分。构造研究显示,南秦岭构造带内的宁陕断裂和安康断裂均发育大量平行于断裂带的A型褶皱群和近水平的拉伸线理,表明南秦岭构造带经历了以走滑剪切变形为主的构造阶段。运动学特征表明,宁陕断裂以左行剪切变形为主,而安康断裂则以右行变形为特征。选择典型岩石样品进行同位素测年来限定断裂活动的时代,其中:宁陕断裂带内同构造花岗岩脉的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果为（186.0±4.0） Ma;安康断裂带内云母矿物的⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar定年结果为161.2~173.5 Ma。虽然宁陕断裂和安康断裂的运动方向不同,但是同位素年代学研究限定了两条断裂发生走滑变形的时间都是早-中侏罗世,从而共同构成了南秦岭构造带中间块体整体向东挤出的构造特征。同时也表明,相互碰撞的大陆在碰撞之后将很快转变为以平行造山带侧向挤出和走滑位移为主的陆内变形演化阶段。  相似文献   

Flow simulation with reactive transport applied to carbonate rock diagenesis     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Significant volumes of the known hydrocarbon reserves are found in carbonate rocks, many of these dolomitized. The spatial distribution of diagenesis on these rocks is one of the main challenges in oil reservoir modeling. Reactive transport models can be a powerful tool to understand the active diagenetic processes and their effects on the quality of these reservoirs. In this study it was used, for the first time, the CMG-GEM simulator to model diagenetic evolution of a carbonate sequence, subjected to compaction-driven and geothermal flow in a simulated period of 200 thousand years. It was simulated carbonate cementation, dolomitization and dissolution, with and without presence of faults. Among the analyzed variables, the volume of circulating fluid was the most important factor. For both mechanisms, flow simulated velocities obtained had magnitudes smaller than 10⁻⁶ m/day. Diagenesis was insignificant for these low speeds at simulated time interval. Only dolomitized facies presented relevant diagenesis in form of calcite dissolution and dolomite precipitation. Simulations with flow rates of 1 m/day revealed a considerable increase in observed diagenesis, especially in carbonate cementation and in porosity enhancement. Diagenesis was more pronounced in more permeable sediments, highlighting the role of fluid flow in diagenetic reactions. Relative dissolution was greatly reduced during simulations performed with absence of dolomite and dolomitization reactions. The presence of faults strongly influences spatial distribution of diagenesis, especially relatively to dissolution. More permeable facies were more dissolved near fault, decreasing with increasing distance. Low permeability facies, as mudstones, are not dissolved, even near fault. Spatial distribution of diagenesis would then be dependent mainly on the quality of original pore structure, of fault presence and mineral composition of rock.  相似文献   

古岩溶塌陷的成因特点与研究手段     

唐攀  吴仕强  于炳松  钱一雄  彭守涛 《现代地质》2015,29(3):675-683

古岩溶发育过程中的塌陷是一种普遍现象,其形成的古岩溶塌陷体是重要的油气储集体。借鉴现代岩溶塌陷的成因机理,归纳了古岩溶塌陷与现代岩溶塌陷的相似之处,并从形成机理、联合塌陷体的成因及其储集意义等方面梳理了古岩溶塌陷的成因特点。对于古岩溶塌陷体,可通过钻井、岩心、探地雷达、地震、常规测井和FMI成像测井等技术手段来识别、研究。由于不同地质背景下古岩溶塌陷体发育模式不尽相同,使得研究过程中存在诸多问题。针对这些问题,提出了下一步亟待开展的3点工作建议。  相似文献   

多参数地球化学勘探在沙漠地区圈闭构造含油气潜力评价中的应用——以塔里木盆地TD-2构造为例     

李志明  张长江  宋喜林 《地质通报》2009,28(11):1668-1673

TD-2构造位于塔里木盆地中央隆起带东部,虽然地震和重力勘探证实其是一个基底隆起背斜构造,并且据区域地质构造演化分析具有良好的油气潜力,但因缺乏地球化学信息,进一步的勘探（如钻探）尚未进行。由此,开展了多参数地球化学勘探,所用参数为土壤游离烃（C1—C5）、酸解烃（C1—C5）、ΔC和Hg。结果的综合解释得出：对评价沙漠区TD-2构造的油气潜力来说,游离烃明显好于其他地球化学参数;近地表地球化学异常的形态和地球化学特征暗示,TD-2构造是一个含干气的构造,处于低—中等的逸散阶段。因此,TD-2构造应当具有一定的油气潜力。多参数地球化学勘探结果为进一步的勘探提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

常规测井方法识别碳酸盐岩储层裂缝   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

邓模  瞿国英  蔡忠贤 《江苏地质》2009,33(1):75-78

对于碳酸盐岩储层,裂缝是非常常见并且十分重要的一类储集空间类型。因此,裂缝的识别显得特别重要。利用低成本的常规测井方法识别裂缝是提高碳酸盐岩油田开发能力的重要途径。以新疆某油田为例,通过岩心观察及成像资料与常规测井曲线对比,总结出了几种常规测井在裂缝发育层段的响应特征,并选取典型井段进行实际运用,识别效果良好,证明用常规测井方法来识别裂缝是经济可行的。  相似文献   

中国南方海相烃源岩中笔石生烃能力研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王勤  钱门辉  蒋启贵  仰云峰  腾格尔 《岩矿测试》2017,36(3):258-264

我国南方海相页岩中普遍发育的笔石与海相页岩气成因具有密切的关系,但笔石是否具有页岩气生烃能力,一直未有可靠的、直接的相关实验证实。本文通过采集笔石含量丰富的黑色页岩,手工挑选纯笔石样品并进行热解生烃模拟实验研究,证实了笔石页岩中的笔石是一种较好的生烃母质。笔石样品的碳含量较高,贡献了笔石页岩的大部分碳来源。达到生油高峰后的笔石热解生烃产物主要为天然气-轻质油,这两部分生烃产物占总生烃产物的94%以上,且其中的气态烃占总烃比例达到了54%左右。分析认为,笔石的热解生烃特征介于Ⅲ型有机质和Ⅱ型有机质之间,近似于Ⅲ型有机质生烃特征,以气态烃产物为主。由此推论,在笔石热成熟演化过程中,其有机质生烃能力可能更高,与目前南方广泛发育页岩气的成因息息相关。  相似文献   

川东北元坝地区储层溶洞石英及白云石胶结物中包裹体特征及意义     

席斌斌  余晓露  王杰  蒋宏  张隽 《地质学报》2017,91(9):2091-2104

川东北元坝气田是中国南方大型油气田之一,通过对元坝224井上二叠统储层溶洞石英及白云石中包裹体的岩相学、激光拉曼以及显微测温分析发现,溶洞石英中包裹体类型复杂,主要由气液两相包裹体、气体包裹体以及含子矿物包裹体组成,包裹体的气相组分主要由CH4、H2S以及CO2组成,包裹体的子矿物为单质硫以及沥青,包裹体共生组合关系复杂,不同类型包裹体常叠加在一起,气液两相包裹体均一温度以及含单质硫三相包裹体的气液均一温度范围相似,分别为161.5~220.6℃以及168.2~218.6℃,二者的盐度分布范围差别较大,分别为7.45%~10.36%NaCl以及8.68%~21.11%NaCl;溶洞白云石中包裹体类型单一,由气液两相包裹体组成,个别包裹体的气相中含有CH4,包裹体的均一温度为102.4~132.1℃。包裹体的古温度古压力分析表明,溶洞石英中包裹体捕获于中—晚侏罗世,包裹体捕获时地层流体为超压,捕获于原油大量裂解生成天然气阶段。溶洞石英中不同类型包裹体的组合关系以及温压特征记录了储层中TSR反应的过程,即硫酸盐先与重烃反应生成H2S以及单质硫,然后硫酸盐以及生成的单质S再与CH4继续反应生成H2S以及CO2,随着TSR反应的进行,储层中的压力逐渐增大。TSR反应生成的H2S以及CO2流体可能与储层发生了较强烈的水-岩反应,造成了储层的硅化以及溶洞中石英、白云石的沉淀。  相似文献   

沾化凹陷渤南洼陷沙一段湖相富有机质烃源岩岩石学与孔隙结构特征:以罗63井和义21井取心段为例     

李志明  张隽  鲍云杰  曹婷婷  徐二社  芮晓庆  陈红宇  杨琦  张庆珍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(1):39-52

以沾化凹陷渤南洼陷罗63井和义21井沙一段取心段为例,依据研究样品的热解、全岩与黏土矿物X射线衍射、有机岩石学、孔隙度、氩离子抛光+扫描电镜以及微孔隙结构等分析结果,开展了沙一段湖相富有机质烃源岩岩石学与孔隙结构特征研究,结果表明：罗63井和义21井沙一段取心段富有机质烃源岩主要由碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物和石英组成,另含少量长石、黄铁矿和石膏,其中黏土矿物主要由伊/蒙混层、伊利石组成,由取心段顶部至底部,碳酸盐矿物质量分数明显增高,而黏土矿物和石英则显著降低,呈现由钙质或灰质泥岩至演变为泥质灰岩的特征,岩石构造类型包括层状、纹层状和块状3类;罗63井和义21井沙一段取心段富有机质烃源岩平均孔隙度分别为2.09%和4.43%,具纹层状构造的烃源岩具有相对高的孔隙度;主要发育矿物基质孔隙（即粒间孔隙和粒内孔隙）和裂缝型孔隙两大类,而有机质孔隙不发育,孔隙半径从十几微米至几纳米的孔隙均有分布,以发育孔径50 nm以上的宏孔为主。  相似文献   

Provenance of the early to mid-Paleozoic sediments in the northern Alxa area: Implications for tectonic evolution of the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt     

《Gondwana Research》2019

The continental fragments in Northwest China are key to revealing the tectonic and crustal evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). However, their tectonic correlation, affinity and implications have not been well defined. The early to mid-Paleozoic sediments in the northern Alxa area can help to understand this question. These sediments were deposited in a deep to shallow marine environment during a regression. The southeast paleocurrent attributes their provenance to the northwest. Detrital zircons from the collected sandstones record peak ages of approximately 1726 Ma, 1462 Ma, 915 Ma and 438 Ma. The zircon ε_Hf(t) values are negative to positive at 1726 Ma, 915 Ma and 438 Ma, but only positive at 1462 Ma. The detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes suggest the provenance to be the blocks in Central Tianshan and Southern Beishan or their analogs, rather than the Tarim Craton. The source blocks show no tectonic affinity to the Tarim Craton but might be accreted to it in the Neoproterozoic Rodinia. The provenance analyses show tectonic correlation among the northern Alxa, Tianshan and Beishan orogenic belts. The Late Devonian molasse deposits, geochemical shifting to continental margins and suddenly increased early Paleozoic zircons indicate an arc-continent collision. The discovery of more indicators for continental fragments advocates a multiterrane model and dominant crustal reworking/contamination for the tectonocrustal evolution of the CAOB at least during the early to mid-Paleozoic.  相似文献   

A record of ultrahigh temperature metamorphism in the Dabie orogen during Triassic continental collision     

《Gondwana Research》2019

Ultrahigh temperature (UHT) metamorphism is traditionally recognized by the development of characteristic mineral associations in Mg–Al-rich metapelitic rocks. However, recognition of UHT metamorphism in non-supracrustal rocks is more difficult. UHT metamorphic conditions are recorded by a migmatite from the North Dabie Terrane (NDT) of the Dabie orogen, east China. The migmatite is composed of intercalated layers of melanosome and K-feldspar-rich leucosome. Zircon grains in the migmatite have a core–rim structure comprising a metamorphic core and an anatectic rim. The metamorphic cores have low U contents (mainly <657 ppm) and low Th/U ratios (<0.2), and are depleted in heavy rare earth element (HREE). The metamorphic domains yield concordant ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages ranging from 205.1 ± 4.8 Ma to 248.0 ± 4.1 Ma with a weighted mean of 217.7 ± 4.3 Ma (n = 20, MSWD = 4.2). They contain a granulite-facies inclusion assemblage of garnet + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz + rutile. Conventional geobarometry and Ti-in-zircon thermometry constrain P–T conditions to approximately 11–12 kbar and 900–950 °C, suggesting UHT metamorphism. The discovery of Triassic UHT metamorphism in the Dabie orogen, which was previously best known for ultrahigh pressure metamorphism, provides new insights into the thermal structure and geodynamics of the orogeny during continental collision. The anatectic rims of zircon grains have relatively high U contents and low Th/U ratios (<0.14), and are enriched in HREE. They yield concordant ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 133.6 ± 1.1 Ma to 156.4 ± 2.2 Ma, indicating that anatexis occurred during post-collisional collapse of the Dabie orogen.  相似文献