排序方式： 共有88条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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JIANG QingFeng JI JunFeng SHEN Ji Ryo MATSUMOTO TONG GuoBang QIAN Peng REN XueMei YAN DeZhi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2013,(3):339-353
Changes in the vegetation and climate of the westerly-dominated areas in Central Asia during the Holocene were interpreted using pollen-assemblages and charcoal data from a 300-cm-long sediment core of the Sayram Lake,northern Xinjiang.Accele-rator Mass Spectrometry(AMS) radiocarbon dating methods were applied to bulk organic matter of the samples.Artemisia spp./Chenopodiaceae ratios and results from principal component analysis were used to infer that the lake basin was dominated by desert vegetation before ca.9.6 cal.ka BP,which suggests a warm and dry climate in the early Holocene.Desert steppe/steppe expanded during 9.6-5.5 cal.ka BP,indicating a remarkable increase both in the precipitation and temperature during the mid-Holocene.Desert vegetation dominated between 6.5 and 5.5 cal.ka BP,marking an extreme warmer and drier interval.The steppe/meadow steppe recovered,and temperatures decreased from 5.5 cal.ka BP in the late Holocene,as indicated by the increased abundance of Artemisia and the development of meadows.Holocene temperatures and moisture variations in the Sayram Lake areas were similar to those of adjacent areas.This consistency implies that solar radiation was the main driving factor for regional temperature changes,and that the effect of temperature variations was significant on regional changes in humidity.The evolution of climate and environment in the Sayram Lake areas,which were characterized as dry in the early Holocene and relatively humid in the middle-late Holocene,are clearly different from those in monsoonal areas.Dry conditions in the early Holocene in the Sayram Lake areas were closely related to decreased water vapor advection.These conditions were a result of reduced westerly wind speeds and less evaporation upstream,which in turn were caused by seasonal changes in solar radiation superimposed by strong evaporation following warming and drying local climate. 相似文献
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An effective novel ultrasonic extraction procedure coupled with gas chromatography and negative chemical ionization mass spectroscopy has been developed for quantitative recovery of polar herbicides in soil. This rapid one-step sample preparation methodology was named accelerated ultrasonic extraction (AUE), and is based on elevated temperatures, increased power and dispersing intimate contact. Simultaneously, in-situ derivatization was achieved by the addition of derivatization reagent, chelating agent and dispersing agent. The extraction efficiency was enhanced by the multiple applied force and elevated ultrasonic temperature. The in-situ derivatization efficiency was enhanced considerably by the use of ultrasonic energy. Dozens of samples can be extracted simultaneously with this method. The sensitivity was improved because of the remarkable reduced background noise achieved using GC-MS in negative chemical ionization (NCI) mode. The amount of reagent and various ultrasonic parameters, such as ultrasonic energy, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature, were optimized. The reproducibility of replicate soil extraction determination of 9 herbicides in different matrix samples and at different concentrations (n=7) was in the range of 4.9-12.6% of the relative standard deviation. The obtained LOD values ranged between 0.02-0.37 g/kg for all herbicides. Here, we present an improved ultrasonic extraction procedure, which we have termed AUE, can serve as a rigorous high efficiency preparation methodology for polar organic contaminants and can be applied to solid sample pre-treatment extensively 相似文献
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ZHANG Fawang ZHANG Zhaoji HAN Zhantao SUN Jianping XIAO Guoqiang Institute of Hydrogeology Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Zhengding China Center of Hydrogeology Environmental Geology China Geology Survey Baoding China Tianjin Center of China Geology Survey Tianjin China 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4)
This paper introduced the first hand investigation results of the risk and treatment measures for the barrier lakes triggered by the earthquake of Wenchuan.Characteristics of 10 barrier lakes were investigated and analyzed;procedure and methods for barrier lake treatment were brought forward.The dams of the barrier lakes can be classified as two classes:block rock in the south and loose deposit in the north.All the barrier dams were stable at the time of investigation,but water drainage channel needed to... 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐东道海子剖面的孢粉分析及其反映的环境变化 总被引：16，自引：6，他引：10
根据乌鲁木齐河尾闾湖泊东道海子剖面的高精度孢粉分析,结合磁化率、烧失量和粒度分析资料,以剖面中含泥炭灰黑色粘土质粉砂层做的8个14C测年数据为基础,讨论了天山北麓古尔班通古特沙漠南部边缘的环境演变。研究认为:4500aB.P.以来该区域的植被是以荒漠为主的,但是1170B.C.以来,气候出现6次较大波动,1170～460B.C.,250～640A.D.和680～1645A.D.时段,气候相对冷湿,出现过荒漠草原,在这3个时段植物种类较多,覆盖度高,也是东道海子的高湖面时期,与气候的冷期对应;相反,在460B.C.～250A.D.,640～680A.D.和1645A.D.以来时段,属荒漠阶段,湖泊的水位相对下降,属中湖面期,与气候的暖期对应 相似文献
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为了查明河北省石家庄市近郊污灌区包气带和地下水的污染状况,采用最大可能数法(MPN法)对污灌区水土环境中的常见细菌进行培养,通过铁氧化菌在水土环境中数量的变化及其与各环境因子之间的关系分析得出：研究区铁氧化菌在pH为7.4(中偏碱性)、氧化还原电位(ORP)为318 mV(氧化环境)、温度为15 ℃、溶解氧(DO)质量浓度为4.7~7.8 mg/l、井深40 m的地下水环境中生长较好,数量可达1.1×105 个/ml;铁氧化菌在pH为8.07~8.28、含水量为19.0%~22.9%、岩性为粉土、深度为3.5 m以浅的土壤环境中生长较好,数量可达5.1×107个/g。研究结果表明由于长期污灌,研究区的浅层地下水和上部3.5 m的土壤不同程度地受到污染。铁氧化菌在水土环境中大量繁殖,并不断地把可利用的Fe 2+氧化成不溶性的Fe 3+ ,影响了研究区的水土环境,使研究区的生态环境产生变化。 相似文献
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黄河源区距今13万年来古气候演化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
综合分析黄河源区-青海玛多地区斗格涌盆地钻孔剖面的孢粉及易溶盐等气候代用指标,揭示了该区130ka B P以来的古气候演变规律。即:130.0-110.0ka B P寒冷干旱;110.0-82.0ka B P寒温较湿;82.0-10.4ka B P寒冷干旱;10.4ka B P至现代(即全新世)温湿冷干交替。全新世古气候又可划分为3期:早全新世升温期(10.4-7.5ka B P)(Anathermal);中全新世大暖期(7.5-3.5ka B P)(Megathermal);晚全新世降温期(3.5ka B P至今)(Katathermal)。本区古气候总的规律是:冷期长且比全球其它地方提前,暖期短且开始时期滞后。全新世以来气候波动具有千年尺度的振荡规律,晚全新世至今,气温有逐渐降低,湿度逐渐变干的趋势。 相似文献
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