大亚湾浮游植物粒级结构对温排水和营养盐输入的响应*     

谢福武  刘华雪  黄洪辉  宋星宇 《热带海洋学报》2018,37(3):55-64

大亚湾核电站温排水对其邻近海域的生态效应日益突出。文章结合现场调查和室内模拟实验, 研究了夏季和冬季大亚湾海域沿温排水温度梯度的浮游植物粒径结构特征, 探讨了营养物质的输入可能对其产生的影响, 以期深入了解浮游植物对升温以及富营养化作用的响应机制。结果表明, 适温条件对浮游植物的生长起促进作用, 在极高温(36.0℃)环境下则产生抑制作用, 在排水口邻近高温区夏季和冬季浮游植物叶绿素a含量均呈较低分布。交互模拟实验发现不同季节浮游植物对于温度和营养盐的敏感性存在差异, 夏季营养盐对浮游植物生长的促进作用比温度明显, 冬季温度的作用则更为显著。现场观测和模拟实验均显示, 水温升高和营养盐加富均可造成小粒级浮游植物 (<20μm)所占比例的增加; 因此, 升温和营养盐输入均可能导致浮游植物粒级结构呈小型化趋势, 并对食物网能量流动与物质循环、生态系统的结构稳定性以及海洋渔业的产量造成潜在影响。  相似文献   

南海蜑螺科一新记录属和一新记录种记述 (软体动物门:腹足纲:珍珠蜑螺目)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈志云  张均龙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(10):209-211

作者在整理中国科学院海洋生物标本馆馆藏蜑螺科Neritidae标本时，鉴定出产自海南三亚的一新记录属饰纹蜑螺属Vittina Baker，1924和一新记录种：裂蜑螺Vittina pennata（von Born，1778）。文中详细描述了本种的贝壳形态特征，查明了其生活习性和地理分布特点，并与相似种进行了比较和总结。  相似文献   

SPATIAL—TEMPORAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METAL ELEMENTS CONTENT IN COVERING SPIL OF RECLAMATION AREA IN FUSHUN COAL MINE     

YUJun－bao  LIUJing－shuang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2002,12(3):268-272

Grid method is employed for sampling covering soil at the test field,which is reclamation area filled by coal mining wastes for cropland in the Fushun coal mine,Liaoning Province,the Northeast China.The soil samples are taken at different locations,including three kinds of covering soil,three different depths of soil layers and four different covering ages of covering soil.The spatial-temporal variation of heavy metal element content in reclamation soil is stud-ied.The results indicate that the content of heavy metal elements is decreasing year after year,the determinant reason why the content of heavy metal elements at 60cm depth layer is higher than that at 30cm depth layer and surface is fertiliz-er and manure application;the metal elements mainly come from external environment;there is no metal pollution coming from mother material (coal mining wastes)in plough layer of covering soil.  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic study of gneissic rocks from the Chinese Altai: Progressive accretionary history in the early to middle Palaeozoic     

Min Sun  Chao Yuan  Wenjiao Xiao  Xiaoping Long  Xiaoping Xia  Guochun Zhao  Shoufa Lin  Fuyuan Wu  A. Kröner 《Chemical Geology》2008,247(3-4):352-383

Gneissic rocks in the Chinese Altai Mountains have been interpreted as either Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks or Precambrian basement. This study reports geochemical and geochronological data for banded paragneisses and associated gneissic granitoids collected along a NE–SW traverse in the northwestern Chinese Altai. Petrological and geochemical data suggest that the protoliths of the banded gneisses were possibly immature sediments with significant volcanic input and that the gneissic granitoids were derived from I-type granites formed in a subduction environment. Three types of morphological features can be recognized in zircons from the banded gneisses and are interpreted to correlate with different sources. Zircons from five samples of banded paragneiss cluster predominantly between 466 and 528 Ma, some give Neoproterozoic ages, and a few yield discordant Paleoproterozoic to Archean ages. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions indicate that both juvenile/mantle and crust materials were involved in the generation of the source rocks from which these zircons were derived. In contrast, zircons occur ubiquitously as elongated euhedral prismatic crystals in the four samples of the gneissic granitoids, and define single populations for each sample with mean ages between 380 and 453 Ma. The general absence of Precambrian inheritance and positive zircon ?Hf values for these granitoids suggest insignificant crustal contribution to the generation of the precursor magmas. Our data can be interpreted in terms of a progressive accretionary history in early to middle Palaeozoic times, and the Chinese Altai may possibly represent a magmatic arc built on a continental margin dominated by Neoproterozoic rocks.  相似文献   

A submarine canyon conduit under typhoon conditions off Southern Taiwan     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2006,53(2):223-240

The function of a submarine conduit under typhoon conditions is examined. The study site is the Kao-ping river, shelf, and submarine canyon (KPRSC) system located off southern Taiwan on a wave-dominated microtidal coast. The head of the canyon is located approximately 1 km off the river mouth. Two comprehensive 1-month field experiments were carried out in 2000 and 2002 during the flood season of the river. Both experiments encountered typhoons that generated significant river discharge and wave resuspension events. Particle samples collected in 2000 by sediment-traps were analyzed for coarse fraction by the wet sieving method. Among the coarse fraction, foraminiferal species and their abundance were recorded as a tracer for biogenic particles of marine origin. Stable isotopes of carbon (δ¹³C) of organic particles of sediment-trap samples were analyzed as a tracer for particles of terrestrial origin. All the measured flow and particle concentration records were analyzed by conventional time-series analytical methods. Simultaneously observed records of suspended sediment concentration at the river mouth and the volume concentration of suspended particles near the canyon floor were compared. Instantaneous flux and cumulative transport of suspended particles near the canyon floor were estimated during the deployment period. Results show that Kao-ping Submarine Canyon is a multi-level and process-dependant two-way conduit for particles of terrestrial and marine origins. In general, terrestrial signals are stronger than the marine signals in sediment-trap samples near the head of the canyon. During typhoon events, in the early distal phase of their influence nonlithogenic and biogenic marine sources are enhanced; in the later proximal phase signals of locally generated terrestrial lithogenic sources are enhanced. An episode of momentary downcanyon flushing of suspended particles near the canyon floor is observed during one typhoon occurrence. This flushing suggests nondeposition during the typhoon at the locale of deployment despite increased input of particles to the canyon floor. It also suggests a mechanism by which turbidity currents could be triggered. Yet, this flushing phenomenon is not observed in another typhoon occurrence, suggesting it is not universal in the canyon's response to the typhoon.  相似文献   

西沙群岛造礁石珊瑚群落结构的再分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

邹仁林 《海洋学报》1980,2(3):98-110

近几年来,我们多次对西沙群岛珊瑚礁作了生态调查,对西沙群岛的岛、礁有了一定的认识,对造礁石珊瑚群落结构也进行了概括的报导[1],为了进一步认识和了解西沙群岛,我们又于1976年4—5月选择处于西沙群岛西南隅的沙岛——中建岛,和位于西沙群岛东北面绿树成林的赵树岛作重点解剖,对造礁石珊瑚群落结构做了进一步的分析,以期为发展和利用珊瑚礁做一点有用的工作。  相似文献   

底质类型对热带海草海菖蒲种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响          下载免费PDF全文

刘松林  江志坚  吴云超  张霞  黄小平 《应用海洋学学报》2021,40(1):74-81

近几十年来,受到人类活动和气候变化的影响,全球海草床呈现退化趋势,海草床的恢复备受关注。其中,海草种子或幼苗移植由于其对供体海草床破坏和影响较小,并能保证海草的遗传多样性而备受重视。移植区的底质类型是决定海草种子或幼苗移植存活率的重要因子,然而,目前关于热带海草种子萌发和幼苗生长对不同底质类型响应的研究很有限。本研究以热带海草海菖蒲(Enhalus acoroides)种子为研究对象,利用室内模拟实验,分别设置细砂和砂砾底质的处理,探讨不同底质类型对海菖蒲种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究发现,细砂组和砂砾组的萌发率和萌发历期的平均值分别96.3%、3.6 d和95.0%、3.4 d,两个处理组之间差异不显著。萌发后的细砂组海菖蒲幼苗的存活率为97.37%,而砂砾组的幼苗存活率仅为81.58%;另外,海菖蒲幼苗的叶片长度、根长度、叶片生长速率和根生长速率在细砂组均显著高于砂砾组。因此,沉积物粒径的差异对海草种子的萌发率和萌发时间没有显著性影响,但沉积物粒径增大会显著降低萌发后海菖蒲幼苗的存活率和生长速率。因此,未来开展海菖蒲种子或幼苗的野外移植,应选取沉积物粒径较小细砂质区域进行移植,可促进海菖蒲种子或幼苗移植的成活率,提高海菖蒲生态修复的成功率。  相似文献   

WWATCH模式模拟南海海浪场的结果分析   总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25       下载免费PDF全文

齐义泉  朱伯承  施平  毛庆文  范辰五 《海洋学报》2003,25(4):1-9

利用美国NOAA/NCEP环境模拟中心海洋模拟小组近年新开发的一个准业务化的海浪数值模式WAVEWATCH Ⅲ(以下简称WWATCH),以每天4次的NOAA/NCEP再分析风场资料为输入,模拟了1996年的南海海域的海面风浪场,通过分析TOPEX/Poseidon(以下简称T/P)高度计的上升和下降轨道在南海海域的交叉点位置处的风、浪观测资料与NCEP风场和WWATCH模式模拟的有效波高大小,可以看出,NCEP风场基本与T/P高度计的风速观测结果一致,相应的模式模拟的有效波高也基本与卫星高度计的有效波高观测结果相一致,但从空间上看,在计算区域中心附近海域的结果一致性较好,靠近计算边界附近海域的结果相对较差,但这种因边界而影响模拟结果的范围很有限;从时间上看,冬季风期间的结果一致性较好,而夏季风期间的结果偏小的趋势明显,并且这种偏小主要出现在夏季风期间的极小风速值附近。  相似文献   

A method to estimate the forces exerted by internal solitons on cylindrical piles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shuqun Cai  Xiaomin Long  Zijun Gan 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(5):673-689

Internal soliton is the large amplitude wave existing in the pycnocline, induced by internal tide in the condition of special bottom topography. During its propagation process, the induced disturbance can bring about strong convergence of sea water and sudden strong current (wave-induced-current), which can cause severe threat to the ocean engineering structures, such as oil drilling platform and pipeline. In this paper, Morison’s empirical method, modal separation and regression analyses are introduced to estimate the forces and torques exerted by internal soliton on cylindrical piles. As an example, a limited set of observational data recording a passage of the internal soliton near Dongsha Islands is used to estimate the horizontal velocity and its acceleration in a vertical section for computing the force and torque on a supposed pile, and the estimation results are reasonable. It is shown that, the higher number of the modes retained in the calculation, the better the estimation of velocity profile fits the observational one. A better overall approximation to the real solution can be reached if there are more observational current data acquired in a whole vertical profile.  相似文献   

基于EOF分析对南海西北海域水体光谱特性的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付东洋  黄宇业  刘大召  廖珊  余果  张小龙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(7):107-114

This study presents an analysis of the spectral characteristics of remote sensing reflectance(R_(rs)) in northwestern South China Sea based on the in situ optical and water quality data for August 2018.R_(rs)was initially divided into four classes,classes A to D,using the max-classification algorithm,and the spectral properties of whole R_(rs) were characterized using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis.Subsequently,the dominant factors in each EOF mode were determined.The results indicated that more than 95% of the variances of R_(rs) are partly driven by the back-scattering characteristics of the suspended matter.The initial two EOF modes were well correlated with the total suspended matter and back-scattering coefficient.Furthermore,the first EOF modes of the four classes of R_(rs)(A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1) significantly contributed to the total variances of each R_(rs) class.In addition,the correlation coefficients between the amplitude factors of class A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1 and the variances of the relevant water quality and optical parameters were better than those of the unclassified ones.The spectral shape of class AR_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of chlorophyll a and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM).The spectral shape of class B R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of CDOM since it exhibited a high correlation with the absorption coefficient of CDOM(a_g(λ)),whereas the spectral shape of class C R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the back-scattering characteristics but not affected by the suspended matter.The spectral shape of class D R_(rs)-EOF_1 exhibited a relatively good correlation with all the water quality parameters,which played a significant role in deciding its spectral shape.  相似文献