2009年夏、冬季辽东湾网采浮游植物群落结构分析     

高伟  宫相忠  双秀芝  栾莎  邢永泽  尹宝树 《海洋湖沼通报》2012,(4):162-170

分析了2009年夏季(8月)、冬季(12月)辽东湾25个大面站的网采浮游植物的物种组成,群落结构及其与环境因子的相关性。经初步分析,共鉴定出浮游植物3门48属108种,其生态类型主要为温带近岸的世界广布种,硅藻是浮游植物的主要类群,但个别甲藻在冬季也成为优势种。夏季优势种主要为菱形藻(Nitzschiaspp.)、长菱形藻(Nitzschia longissima(Breb.)Ralfs)、虹彩圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis Ehrenberg)。冬季优势种主要为威氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscuswailesii Gran&Augst)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata(Ehr.)Cleve)、布氏双尾藻(Ditylum bright-wellii(West)Grunow)、圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus spp.)。2009年夏、冬季浮游植物的物种组成和优势种组成存在季节差异,说明浮游植物群落结构随季节发生变化。浮游植物细胞丰度表现出沿岸高于远岸,且夏、冬季平均细胞丰度均明显低于同期历史数据的特点。2009年夏、冬季平均香农-威纳指数均大于3.0,平均Pielou均匀度指数均大于0.5,说明调查海域群落结构相对稳定,种间个体数目空间分布较均匀;夏季丰富度指数高于冬季,表明夏季较冬季物种丰富。冬季调查区各站位浮游植物群落相似性在50%以上;夏季群落相似性水平低于冬季。2009年夏、冬季浮游植物细胞丰度变化的主要影响因素是温度。  相似文献   

镉对共培养赤潮微藻的急性毒性效应研究——基于流式细胞术的研究探讨     

苏婧 《海洋湖沼通报》2012,(2):107-113

在实验条件下,利用流式细胞术探讨了重金属镉对赤潮异弯藻和微小原甲藻的种群增长和种间竞争的影响,实验结果如下:(1)共培养的条件下,Cd2+胁迫前后2种微藻的细胞体积和细胞内容物复杂程度没有一致的变化规律,但叶绿素a含量和存活率均呈下降趋势;(3)叶绿素a荧光值和存活率可以考虑作为Cd2+胁迫增强的微藻生物标志物系统的指标。  相似文献   

噁喹酸在大菱鲆体内的药代动力学研究     

孙爱荣  李健  常志强  梁俊平 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(3):75-79

采用高效液相色谱法,研究了(24.5±0.2)℃水温条件下单次静注和口服给药后噁喹酸在健康大菱鲆体内的代谢动力学规律.结果显示,大菱鲆单次口服嗯喹酸(20mg/kg)后,药物在血浆中经时过程符合一级吸收二室开放模型,表达方程为C口服 =2.059e-0.062t +0.645e-0.023t-2.704e-0.202t,单次静注嗯喹酸(10mg/kg)后,药物在血浆经时过程符合无级吸收二室开放模型,表达方程为C静注=12.284e-0.144 +0.284e-0.027t.血浆中的主要药动学参数,静注的t1/2α (4.813 h)、t1/2β(25.441h)、tmax(0.083 h)均小于口服给药(11.26、30.212、6h).结果表明,静注嗯喹酸在大菱鲆体内的吸收、消除速度,达峰时间均快于口服给药.根据本实验的结果,嗯喹酸的合理给药方案为:建议口服给药按鱼体重21.41mg/kg,每日1次给药,连用5～7 d.  相似文献   

Assessment of immune parameters of manila clam <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ruditapes philippinarum</Emphasis> in different physiological conditions using flow cytometry     

Kyung-Il Park  Ludovic Donaghy  Hyun-Sil Kang  Hyun-Ki Hong  Young-Ok Kim  Kwang-Sik Choi 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(1):19-26

Cellular and humoral immune parameters are often used as biomarkers to trace environmental and physiological stresses in marine bivalves. In this study, we compared various immune parameters of Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) under normal conditions and under a high level of desiccation, using flow cytometry. The immune parameters analyzed included, total hemocyte count, hemocyte mortality, hemocyte DNA damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and phagocytosis activity. Total hemocyte count, hemocyte DNA damage, and hemocyte mortality were significantly elevated among clams under high desiccation stress, while phagocytosis activity and spontaneous ROS production were significantly lower compared to those parameters of the control clams (p<0.05). These data suggest that the immune parameters analyzed in this study well reflect the physiological status of clams.  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐10号泉水体细菌群落对地震的响应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

张强  曾军  娄恺  李珊  杨晓芳  吴尊凤  高小其 《地震学报》2012,34(5):706-715

以无震时期细菌群落及水文化学元素信息为背景,阐明有感地震时的泉水细菌群落映震特征． 2010年12月——2011年4月,乌鲁木齐周边先后发生了MS3.1和MS3.6两次有感地震．本文采用末端限制性片段长度多态性法(T-RFLP)分析了该时间段内乌鲁木齐10号泉中细菌群落结构、多样性、稳定性、优势类群及特殊类群变化特征．结果表明,水文地球化学指标对有感地震不敏感,泉水细菌群落结构稳定,地震对其优势类群及多样性影响均不显著,但无震时期部分类群（以82,170, 176, 462 bp为代表）在前后两次地震中丰度变化趋势相似,即震前有小幅上升,震后1——12天内出现极大值,之后丰度逐渐恢复至较低水平,且表现出与震级、震中距具有一定相关性．这表明部分泉水细菌对有感地震映震灵敏．   相似文献   

Construction of cDNA Library from Intestine, Mesentery and Coelomocyte of Apostichopusjaponicus Selenka Infected with ~brio sp. and a Preliminary Analysis of Immunity-Related Genes     

LIU Hongzhan  ZHENG Fengrongt  SUN Xiuqin  CAI Yimei 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,(2):187-196

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Development of a real-time PCR method (Taqman) for rapid identification and quantification of Prorocentrum donghaiense     

Jian Yuan  Tiezhu Mi  Yu Zhen  Zhigang Yu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(3):366-374

Prorocentrum donghaiense is a dinoflagellate that is widely distributed in the East China Sea and has become increasingly involved in Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs). Therefore, it is necessary to study this dinoflagellate to monitor HABs. In this study, 13 pairs of primers specific to P. donghaiense (within its internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions) were designed for SYBR Green I real-time PCR. As the SYBR Green I real-time PCR could not identify P. donghaiense in a specific manner, a Taqman real-time PCR method was developed by designing a set of specific primers and a Taqman probe. A 10-fold serial dilution of recombinant plasmid containing ITS regions of P. donghaiense was prepared as standard samples and the standard curve was established. Additionally, we quantified the genomic DNA in P. donghaiense cells and utilized this DNA to prepare another 10-fold serial dilution of standard sample and accordingly set up the standard curve. The mathematic correlation between the cell number and its corresponding plasmid copy number was also established. In order to test the efficiency of the real-time PCR method, laboratory samples and P. donghaiense HAB field samples were employed for identification and quantitative analysis. As to laboratory samples, as few as 102 cells of P. donghaiense could be quantified precisely utilizing both centrifugation and filtration techniques. The quantification results from field samples by real-time PCR were highly similar to those by light microscopy. In conclusion, the real-time PCR could be applied to identify and quantify P. donghaiense in HABs.  相似文献   

Camptotheca acuminata decne residue after camptothecin extract as a substrate to produce mushroom spawn     

Dunlian Qiu  Benhong Liu  Ya Tang  Zhirong Yang 《山地科学学报》2012,9(6):835-841

Currently in China,no technically and economically viable methods exist to handle large quantities of Camptotheca acuminata Decne residue(CA residue) after camptothecin extract while there is a great demand for low cost alternatives to replace the cottonseed hull-based materials used in commercial mushroom culture.Hence,it is of importance for camptothecin extract factories and mushroom producers to explore the utilization of CA residue in mushroom industry.We conducted a research to study how partially or completely substituting traditional mushroom substrate by CA residue would influence the mycelial growth in mushroom spawn production.5 mushroom strains from 4 species were used in the test,i.e.,oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatu) strains,Zayou No.1 and Xide 33,needle mushroom(Flammulina velutipes) strain Chuanjin No.3,hairy wood ear(Auricularia polytricha) strain Huang Er No.10,and shiitake(Lentinula edodes) strain Wuxiang.The nutrient element composition and heavy metal contents of CA residue were determined to ensure its safety and to determine its appropriate component in the substrate formulation for mushroom spawn production.The four substrate formulations(one control-CK,and three treatments,named,T1,T2,T3,) contained 0%,40%,79%,and 100% CA residue,respectively,to allow comparison of the fungal mycelial growth.The control(CK) was the popularly used formulation in Chinese commercial mushroom production,comprising of 73% cottonseed hulls,10% sawdust,15% wheat bran,1% lime,1% white sugar(percentage by weight).All mushroom spawns of the five strains in the four treatments were incubated under the same conditions.The results showed that mycelia of the five mushroom strains grew significantly faster on the substrates containing CA residue than on the substrate with no CA residue(CK).There were no significant differences in the mycelial growth rate among treatments containing CA residue for the two oyster mushrooms and the needle mushroom,but mycelial growth rate in treatments T2 and T3 was significantly higher than in treatment T1 for hairy wood ear and shiitake.The results suggest that CA residue can be used to culture oyster mushroom,needle mushroom,hairy wood ear,and shiitake spawn,and the medium containing CA residue can stimulate their mycelial growth.The commercial production of mushroom spawn using CA residue not only brings better economical benefits including lower cost to mushroom producers,but also reduces environmental pollution by providing a means to reduce dumping and piling of CA residue.  相似文献   

内蒙古对外开放的地区差异分析     

王培青 《世界地理研究》2008,17(1):74-78

改革开放以来,内蒙古经济获得快速发展,取得可喜成就。但是．各地区的经济发展非常不平衡,地区经济差距显著。本文首先揭示了地区经济差距的现状,然后详细地分析各地区对外开放的差异及对地区经济的影响,并运用数学的回归分析法,进行了相关性分析,结果显示二者之间呈现密切的相关关系。  相似文献   

土壤呼吸的温度敏感性   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

刘洪升  刘华杰  王智平  徐明  韩兴国  李凌浩 《地理科学进展》2008,27(4):51-60

土壤呼吸是指土壤释放CO₂ 的过程,它所释放出的CO₂ 是生物圈向大气圈释放CO₂ 的主要来源之一。土壤呼吸速率对温度变化的敏感性是陆地生态系统碳循环过程中一个十分重要的环节。由于许多大尺度碳循环模型中都涉及土壤呼吸的温度敏感性这一问题,因此对该问题的回答有助于提高对当前陆地生态系统碳通量的估算和对 未来气候变化预测的准确性。本文就目前土壤呼吸速率对温度变化的敏感性的主要问题进行了综述,从温度、水分、呼吸底物的数量和质量、酶促反应动力学等几个不同的方面,概述了土壤呼吸温度敏感性的变异范围较大的原因,以及这些因素对土壤呼吸的温度敏感性影响的机理。土壤呼吸是酶促的化学反应,因此其温度敏感性不仅取决于呼吸底物的质量,同样也取决于底物的有效性。  相似文献