Management of marine natural resources through by biodiversity informatics     

《Marine Policy》1998,22(3):269-280

Traditionally there has always been a barrier between scientists and policy makers. They live in different worlds so to speak. However, a close collaboration between the two will be needed if we want to tackle the problem of a responsible use of the Earth’s natural resources. Also, a truly global collaboration will be needed and a polling of all information sources, including developed and developing countries. The ongoing large scale introduction of information technology in biodiversity studies will allow researchers to combine all kinds of different datasets and information systems. This will also create new tools allowing interpretation and extrapolation for various use, both for science and for policy-making. The Internet will provide the means to combine all knowledge into one electronic information facility that can be accessed by all parties involved. Electronic scientific information systems offer new avenues for training and capacity building. In this paper the problem of reliable biodiversity assessments and the present day limited use of the information for policy-making is discussed. Examples of the applications of innovative information technological tools in the field of biodiversity informatics are given. There is hope that the barrier will fade.  相似文献   

Editorial Board     

《Applied Geochemistry》1998,13(1):CO2

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Tracing sediment transport history using mineralogical fingerprinting in a river basin with dams utilizing sediment sluicing     

Kenichi Ito  Motohide Matsunaga  Tomoya Itakiyo  Hiroyuki Oishi  Kei Nukazawa  Mitsuteru Irie  Yoshihiro Suzuki 《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(3):469-480

Sediment causes a serious problem in relation to dam function. A cooperative sediment sluicing operation has been under way since 2017 to prevent sediment from accumulating in dams in the Mimi River,Miyazaki, Japan. To achieve a smooth and stable operation, it is very important to determine the sediment source and a sediment transport system to maintain the dam’s function. In the current study, the source and transport of sediment from the Mimi River basin have been analyzed with X-ray diffracti...  相似文献   

Inhibitability of soil loss and sediment concentration during consecutive rainfalls from experimental plots treated by endemic microorganisms     

Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi  Masumeh Ashgevar Heydari  Atefeh Jafarpoor 《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(3):446-454

Consecutive rainfalls, due to changes in antecedent moisture, alter soil erosion processes, necessitating the implementation of suitable soil loss control methods. Biological soil microorganism approaches have been applied to control soil loss. However, information on the involvement of microorganisms in the soil loss and rill erosion processes has yet to be supplied. In this study, the individual and combined inoculation of cyanobacteria and bacteria was investigated during five consecutive rai...  相似文献   

基于滑动窗口导纳技术反演西太平洋中部岩石圈的有效弹性厚度     

凌子龙  赵俐红  彭祎辉  吴招才  曲彦丞 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(1):138-146

西太平洋中部地区是西太平洋板块边缘沟-弧-盆体系构造演化的关键区域,其地质特征与构造演化一直是地学家关注的焦点问题之一。开展岩石圈有效弹性厚度的研究对于认识该区域的形成演化具有重要的科学意义。本文采用滑动窗口导纳技术,并在挠曲模型中考虑了表面荷载和内部荷载同时存在的情况,计算得到该区域的岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)。计算结果显示,研究区的Te值整体上为0~50 km,其变化基本上与构造单元相吻合,且与主要的构造边界密切相关。除海底火山具有相对较小的Te值(15~20 km)外,太平洋板块整体上具有较强的岩石圈强度(25~30 km)。马里亚纳海沟和菲律宾海沟的岩石圈强度从外隆起到海沟方向表现为明显的减弱,表明岩石圈由外隆起向海沟发生了弱化。帕里西维拉海盆西部相较于东部具有较弱的岩石圈强度,这可能与海盆的非对称扩张有关。卡罗琳板块的岩石圈整体上表现为相对均一的低Te值特征(<15 km)。欧里皮克海隆、卡罗琳海岭和索罗尔海槽的Te值为3 km,这可能是强烈的火山作用所导致的结果。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖洲滩湿地植物演替对土壤微生物量的影响     

温秀婷  郑博福  陈晨晨  龚磊强  詹慧英  余定坤  朱致睿  沈瑞昌 《湖泊科学》2024,36(3):881-889

湿地植物演替对土壤微生物量具有显著影响,但不同土壤理化环境下的植物演替对湿地土壤微生物量影响的具体差异还不清楚。以鄱阳湖土壤理化性质不同的4个碟形子湖(包括相对肥沃的东湖和白沙湖以及相对贫瘠的蚌湖和大湖池)为研究对象,运用空间代替时间的方法,在泥滩带、湿生植被带(苔草)和挺水植被带(南荻或芦苇)采集0～10 cm表层土壤,分析不同土壤理化性质条件下植物群落演替对土壤微生物量的影响。采用土壤微生物量碳(MBC)和微生物熵(qMB)指示土壤微生物量。蚌湖、大湖池、东湖和白沙湖洲滩湿地表层土壤MBC的平均值分别为1077.27、888.29、942.45和1162.46 mg/kg,土壤qMB的平均值分别为6.07%、6.17%、3.60%和3.79%。在泥滩—苔草—南荻植物演替洲滩,土壤MBC先增加后减少;但是在泥滩—苔草—芦苇植物演替洲滩,土壤MBC持续增加。植物演替没有显著改变土壤qMB。尽管植物的生长会增加所有洲滩湿地的土壤MBC,但增加的幅度在相对贫瘠的蚌湖和大湖池明显强于相对肥沃的东湖和白沙湖。蚌湖和大湖池的土壤qMB也显著高于东湖和白沙湖。在植被演替梯度上,洲滩湿地土壤MBC和...  相似文献   

中国太阳总辐射的多元逐步回归模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢毅敏  岳天祥  陈传法  范泽孟  王钦敏 《遥感学报》2010,14(5):858-871

研究采用年日照时数、年均总云量、年均水汽压、维度等常规气象要素及地理要素为解析变量,建立起估算全国范围内太阳年辐射总量的多元逐步回归模拟模型;利用全国730多个地面站1951—2002年间的常规气象观测资料,通过所构建的模型对中国太阳年辐射总量进行模拟分析,模型模拟分辨率为1km×1km,规模为4173×4847格网。模型数值计算结果显示:中国太阳辐射资源最丰富的地区为西藏自治区、青海东北部及甘肃西部边境等,高达6700MJ·m-2·a-1以上(一类地区),总面积约130万km2;最低的为四川盆地、青藏高原南部的雅鲁藏布峡谷地区,低于4200MJ·m-2·a-1(五类地区),总面积约75万km2;中国陆地表面每年接受的总太阳辐射能约为52.4×1018kJ;单位面积上太阳年辐射总量约介于2780—7560MJ·m-2·a-1;分布具有明显的地域性,呈现西北、北部高,东南、东部及东北的部分地区低的特点,模拟值较好拟合实际的太阳年辐射总量。研究所构建模型实现了太阳年辐射总量空间分布的连续模拟,模型在保证足够的模拟精度条件下,提高了运算效率,简化了模拟过程,适于全国尺度下太阳年辐射总量的数值模拟计算。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖吴城站水位变化及修河对大湖池和沙湖水位的影响分析     

陈明华  刘观华  刘恋 《水文》2017,37(5):66-69

为了深入分析赣江和修河对鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区大湖池和沙湖水位的影响,通过1953~2010年期间58年修河吴城站水位实测资料及2010年大湖池和沙湖水位数据,对赣江修河水位的基本特征、演变趋势及江湖关系进行分析。结果表明:(1)吴城水位变化表现为年过程线呈"单峰型"特征;在58年长时间尺度上水位的年内变化规律稳定,最高水位通常出现在6、7、8和9月,最枯水位出现在12、1、2和3月;(2)修河水位与大湖池、沙湖水面最大相差水位分别为5.43m和5.30m;枯水季节修河与大湖池、沙湖没有水流联系,因闸口控制水位,大湖池、沙湖常年不干涸;修河吴城站水位高于16.11m大湖池与修河连通,修河吴城站水位高于16.45m沙湖与修河连通。  相似文献   

Handbook of exploration geochemistry,volume 6 drainage geochemistry | , M Hale,J Plant (Eds.) (1994), p. 766, Elsevier Price: US. $242.75     

《Applied Geochemistry》1996,11(3):489-490

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The role of winter phenology in shaping the ecology of freshwater fish and their sensitivities to climate change     

B. J. Shuter  A. G. Finstad  I. P. Helland  I. Zweimüller  F. H?lker 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2012,74(4):637-657

Thermal preference and performance provide the physiological frame within which fish species seek strategies to cope with the challenges raised by the low temperatures and low levels of oxygen and food that characterize winter. There are two common coping strategies: active utilization of winter conditions or simple toleration of winter conditions. The former is typical of winter specialist species with low preferred temperatures, and the latter is typical of species with higher preferred temperatures. Reproductive strategies are embodied in the phenology of spawning: the approach of winter conditions cues reproductive activity in many coldwater fish species, while the departure of winter conditions cues reproduction in many cool and warmwater fish species. This cuing system promotes temporal partitioning of the food resources available to young-of-year fish and thus supports high diversity in freshwater fish communities. If the zoogeographic distribution of a species covers a broad range of winter conditions, local populations may exhibit differences in their winter survival strategies that reflect adaptation to local conditions. Extreme winter specialists are found in shallow eutrophic lakes where long periods of ice cover cause winter oxygen levels to drop to levels that are lethal to many fish. The fish communities of these lakes are simple and composed of species that exhibit specialized adaptations for extended tolerance of very low temperatures and oxygen levels. Zoogeographic boundaries for some species may be positioned at points on the landscape where the severity of winter overwhelms the species’ repertoire of winter survival strategies. Freshwater fish communities are vulnerable to many of the shifts in environmental conditions expected with climate change. Temperate and northern communities are particularly vulnerable since the repertoires of physiological and behavioural strategies that characterize many of their members have been shaped by the adverse environmental conditions (e.g. cool short summers, long cold winters) that climate change is expected to mitigate. The responses of these strategies to the rapid relaxation of the adversities that shaped them will play a significant role in the overall responses of these fish populations and their communities to climate change.  相似文献