斑岩型钼矿床的形成机制与地球化学过程   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李聪颖  廖仁强 《岩石学报》2020,36(1):77-84

斑岩型钼矿床是世界钼矿床中最重要的种类,其中90%以上的钼矿床都和斑岩有关。斑岩型钼矿床主要分布于环太平洋成矿带和特提斯成矿带上,主要与板块俯冲过程有关,可以分为斑岩铜钼矿床、高氟型斑岩钼矿床和低氟型斑岩钼矿床。我们通过对全球斑岩型钼矿床的时空分布与钼元素地球化学性质分析,认为斑岩型钼矿床的物质来源是钼元素通过表生地球化学作用进行初始富集后形成的富钼沉积物。新元古代晚期(750～542Ma)大气氧再次升高之后,富钼的黑色页岩等才大量出现,因此斑岩型钼矿床主要形成于500Ma之后。富钼黑色页岩等沉积物在板块俯冲过程中脱水,形成富含Mo和Re的变质流体,同时两者发生分异。这种变质流体交代上覆地幔楔使Mo和Re留存在其中。随着俯冲洋壳的部分熔融,形成富Cu(Au)的岩浆,穿过富含Re(Mo)的上覆地幔楔,形成斑岩型铜钼矿床,因此这类矿床的辉钼矿Re含量更高。而随后出现的板块后撤,使软流圈上涌,板片上大量多硅白云母分解,形成了富含F的岩浆,穿过富含Mo的上覆地幔楔,进而形成高氟型斑岩矿床。低氟型钼矿床很可能与俯冲关系较小,富钼沉积物通过造山过程被深埋,在适当的条件下形成低氟型斑岩钼矿床。  相似文献   

Characteristics of gravity anomalies and tectonic analysis of Enderby Land in East Antarctica and its adjacent areas     

Long Ma  Chenguang Liu  An Yang  Baohua Liu  Chenglong Xia 《海洋学报(英文版)》2023,42(2):94-103

Enderby Land in East Antarctica and its adjacent areas, which are closely related to the Indian Plate in their geological evolution, have become one of the key zones for studies on how the Antarctic continent evolves. Based on the isostasy and flexure theories of the lithosphere and using the CRUST1.0 model as the depth constraint, this paper uses the gravity field model EIGEN-6C4 and topographic data to calculate the isostatic gravity anomalies of Enderby Land and its adjacent areas. Then, the ...  相似文献   

Tectonic implications of the subduction of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge beneath the Kyushu,southwest Japan     

Chenglong Xia  Yanpeng Zheng  Baohua Liu  Qingfeng Hua  Long Ma  Xianfeng Li  Qiuhong Xie 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(3):70-83

The Kyushu-Palau Ridge(KPR), a remnant arc on the Philippine Sea Plate(PSP), is subducting beneath the Kyushu, southwest Japan. Influenced by the subducting KPR, the Kyushu subduction zone corresponding to the KPR is significantly different from Shikoku subduction zone in terms of gravity anomalies, seismicity, the stress state, and the subducting slab morphology. Significant negative free-air and Bouguer gravity anomalies are observed in a prolonged area of KPR, southeast of the Miyazaki Plain, indicating that this is where KPR overlaps the overriding plate. The gravity anomaly in this area is much lower than that in other areas where the inferred KPR extends, suggesting that the subduction of the buoyant KPR may cause the lower mantle density to decrease.More earthquakes have occurred in Hyuga-nada region where the KPR subducts than in Shikoku forearc and other areas in the Kyushu forearc, indicating that the subduction of the KPR enhances the local coupling between the subducting and overriding plates. The centroid moment tensor(CMT) mechanism of earthquakes shows that stress is concentrated in the accumulated crust beneath the Kyushu forearc corresponding to the KPR, and the shallow thrusting events in the obducting plate are caused by the KPR subduction. The buoyant KPR, with a large volume of low-density sediments, was responsible for the differences of the subduction depth and dip angle of the subducting Philippine Sea(PS) slab between northern Kyushu and Shikoku. The seismic gaps and the sudden change of the dipping angle of the subducting PS slab indicate that slab tear may have occurred along the west side of the KPR beneath southwest Kyushu. A two-tear model was proposed, and the subduction of the buoyant KPR was believed to play an important role in the slab tear.  相似文献   

Dispersion of revenue in mixed fisheries     

《Marine Policy》1999,23(1):37-46

Measures of concentration taken from industrial economics are used to provide a measure of the dispersion of national fleet revenue among contributing species. The Gini coefficient and Herfindahl index provide a basic conceptual framework given variations in the number of species and their contribution. The paper analyses data for landings by species in a recent year in Denmark, France, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The Herfindahl index is considered as an alternative to adjusting the Gini Coefficient to allow for reliance on differing numbers of species. It is concluded that both statistics contribute to describing the degree of dependence on a number of species within a fishery.  相似文献   

Stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental changes in the Yangtze Delta during the Late Quaternary     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2000,18(4):453-469

The Yangtze Delta area may be subdivided into paleo-valley and paleointerfluves of the last glaciation. The postglacial transgressive sedimentary cycle (PTSC) on the front zones of the paleointerfluves is composed of marsh-nearshore and barrier-lagoon, shallow marine and nearshore-tidal flat units, with a basement in stiff clay. The PTSC in back zones of the paleointerfluves consists of lacustrine-marsh deposits. The PTSC in the incised valley contains river channel, floodplain-estuary, estuarine-shallow marine and deltaic units, with an erosional surface at its bottom. The stiff clay and the erosional surface constitute the PTSC lower boundary.The stiff clay, consisting of a paleosol, experienced deposition alternating with pedogenesis during the falling of sea-level during δ¹⁸O stage 3; ongoing pedogenesis in the sea-level lowstand of δ¹⁸O stage 2; and early diagenesis after paleointerfluve inundation by the sea-level rise of δ¹⁸O stage 1. The climate during the paleosol formation was temperate with more than 500-mm a⁻¹ rainfall and frequently fluctuating groundwater.The Yangtze River incised its course during falling sea level of stage 3, and a huge incised valley was formed during the sea-level lowstand (stage 2). The filling of the incised valley took place during the postglacial sea-level rise, and delta formation occurred at a late stage of PTSC development.  相似文献   

Relationships between the sound speed ratio and physical properties of surface sediments in the South Yellow Sea     

Guanbao Li  Jingqiang Wang  Xiangmei Meng  Baohua Liu  Guangming Kan  Guozhong Han  Qingfeng Hua  Yanliang Pei  Lei Sun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(4):65-73

Building empirical equations is an effective way to link the acoustic and physical properties of sediments. These equations play an important role in the prediction of sediments sound speeds required in underwater acoustics.Although many empirical equations coupling acoustic and physical properties have been developed over the past few decades, further confirmation of their applicability by obtaining large amounts of data, especially for equations based on in situ acoustic measurement techniques, is required. A sediment acoustic survey in the South Yellow Sea from 2009 to 2010 revealed statistical relationships between the in situ sound speed and sediment physical properties. To improve the comparability of these relationships with existing empirical equations, the present study calculated the ratio of the in situ sediment sound speed to the bottom seawater sound speed, and established the relationships between the sound speed ratio and the mean grain size, density and porosity of the sediment. The sound speed of seawater at in situ measurement stations was calculated using a perennially averaged seawater sound speed map by an interpolation method. Moreover, empirical relations between the index of impedance and the sound speed and the physical properties were established. The results confirmed that the existing empirical equations between the in situ sound speed ratio and the density and porosity have general suitability for application. This study also considered that a multiple-parameter equation coupling the sound speed ratio to both the porosity and the mean grain size may be more useful for predicting the sound speed than an equation coupling the sound speed ratio to the mean grain size.  相似文献   

适用于U型阵多波束系统的高分辨底检测算法     

姜莹  杨志国  刘宗伟  杨春梅 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):78-84

在多波束回声声纳系统中，高分辨处理算法例如MUSIC、ESPRIT，被广泛应用于海底地形的测绘。在应用高分辨算法时，一条均匀线阵是必要条件。然而，由于系统覆盖范围/分辨率的需求以及安装空间的限制，在多波束系统中经常会采用特殊形状的接收阵列，这使得高分辨算法无法直接应用。同时回波信号的短时平稳特性使得难以估计出协方差矩阵，这也增加了高分辨算法在多波束系统中的应用难度。本文首先介绍一种基于多角度子阵波束形成的ESPRIT算法，该算法能降低高分辨算法对信噪比、样本点数和计算能力的要求。仿真表明此算法能提供更好的分辨力。接着提出一种将基于多角度子阵波束形成的ESPRIT算法与虚拟阵列变换相结合的高分辨底检测算法，并针对高分辨底检测算法在U型阵上的应用进行了探讨。计算机仿真和试验数据处理结果验证了文章所提高分辨底检测算法的有效性。  相似文献   

基于B样条曲线的富钴结壳厚度测绘系统          下载免费PDF全文

赵子毅  张春堂  丁忠军 《海洋技术学报》2019,38(4):55-60

针对深海探测过程中对海底富钴结壳厚度变化曲线测绘的要求,基于超声波测厚原理和B样条曲线拟合算法,结合"蛟龙号"载人潜水器的位置信息设计了深海富钴结壳厚度测绘系统。首先利用超声探头获取富钴结壳测量点表面和底部基岩的两次回波信息,通过测量渡越时间计算结壳的厚度值;将测点厚度值与"蛟龙号"载人潜水器的传感器数据融合,根据测点间的位置间隔,通过基于轮廓关键点的B样条曲线拟合绘制航行过程中的结壳厚度变化曲线。模拟实验结果表明,测绘系统可以采集测点的结壳厚度,厚度计算误差约5.6%,B样条曲线拟合能有效绘制结壳的厚度变化,误差小于10%,拟合曲线与结壳截面的纹路相符。  相似文献   

一种基于改进蚁群优化算法的载人潜水器全局路径规划   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

史先鹏  解方宇  张波涛 《海洋工程》2019,37(3):86-94

基础蚁群优化算法在解决复杂障碍环境下的载人潜水器路径规划问题时,易过早收敛于局部最优解,信息素挥发系数的设置过于依靠经验,路径规划结果受概率影响大且不稳定。为此,提出了一种改进蚁群算法用于解决载人潜水器的全局路径规划问题。该算法提出"路径延伸块"的概念。算法前期采用动态更新信息素参数的蚁群优化算法进行简单迭代计算获得原始路径,并对原始路径进行栅格延伸以得到"路径延伸块";后期在路径延伸块中再次使用蚁群算法或其他寻优算法(Dijkstra算法)寻找最优路径。改进的算法与基础蚁群优化算法相比,算法效率及稳定性更高,不易收敛于局部最优解,能更好地适应U型槽环境和复杂障碍环境。  相似文献   

海上试验场公共测试服务平台的运行管理制度          下载免费PDF全文

张晓波  宗乐  于凯本  刘苗  孟庆健 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(12):66-69

为加强我国海上试验场公共测试服务平台建设，促进各类相关资源的开放共享，推动海洋科技产业化进程，文章对我国海上试验场公共测试服务平台的运行管理制度进行研究。研究结果表明：与海洋发达国家相比，我国海上试验场公共测试服务平台建设较滞后，主要表现在综合功能和公共服务等方面；亟须制定科学的运行管理制度，遵循分级管理、动态运行和以人为本的原则，通过成立协调管理机构（理事会）以及建立仪器设备、数据和人员管理机制，最终形成布局合理、功能齐全、开放共享和体系完备的平台管理系统；基于科学化、规范化和信息化的运行管理制度，海上试验场公共测试服务平台将发挥更大的科学价值、社会价值、生态价值和经济价值。  相似文献