漳州地区热田的水热活动及其成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柯龙生 《台湾海峡》1997,16(1):21-27

本文通过漳州地热田及其周围地区的水热活动、地质构造特征及人工爆破、重力、地磁、电性结构、地震活动性等综合地球物理场之间关系分析，得出漳州地热田是高热异常背景下产生的对流型水热系统：深切到上地幔的ＮＥ向长乐－南澳断裂、ＮＷ向九龙江断裂及Ｅ－Ｗ向南靖－厦门断裂控制了地下水的深循环，使大气降水得以下渗到〉３ｋｍ深度，被地温加热并富集起来，在静水压力作用下沿通道－断裂带的交汇部位上涌。热田区破碎的岩石导致  相似文献   

中国多金属结核开辟区间隙水中铜、锰、镍的分布规律   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

倪建宇  GRUPEBern  MAGGIULLIMichael  周怀阳 《海洋学报》2003,25(2):42-47

通过对东北太平洋海域中国多金属结核开辟区沉积物间隙水中铜、锰、镍等微量元素的详细研究表明,锰主要受沉积环境的影响,其含量的变化范围在0.16～8.61μg/dm3之间;铜和镍则主要与表层海水的初级生产力有关,研究区内间隙水中铜和镍含量的变化范围分别为0.16～20.8和0.80～3.12μg/dm3,且这些元素在沉积物—水界面处均存在最大浓度梯度.利用“Fick扩散定律”计算表明,锰在研究区主要是从上覆海水向沉积物扩散,是沉积物中锰的主要来源之一;而铜和镍则是从沉积物向上覆海水扩散,是底层海水中铜和镍的主要来源。与表层海水中铜和镍向底层海水的输送通量计算结果相比,底层海水中铜和镍的含量主要受沉积物的控制.  相似文献   

莺歌海盆地形成与演化的动力学机制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙向阳  任建业 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(4):45-50

莺歌海盆地位于印支半岛与南海北部大陆边缘交接区,复杂的地质构造背景使其形成演化的动力学机制成为国内外的研究焦点。从区域动力学演化的角度,系统分析了影响莺歌海盆地发育的印支地块构造演化特征,认为莺歌海盆地构造演化主要受印支半岛早期的逃逸挤出构造和晚期的挤压-伸展构造系统影响(或控制),在此动力学驱动机制下,莺歌海盆地新生代以来的构造演化经历了3个阶段,即左旋走滑-伸展裂陷阶段、中下地壳韧性伸展-热沉降阶段和加速沉降阶段。  相似文献   

莱州湾温带风暴潮预报研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

张胜平  徐振山  王军  丁吉龙  侯庆华 《海洋预报》2002,19(1):64-72

本文依据莱州湾羊角沟、夏营两站建国以来的风暴增水资料，对莱州湾建国后发生的风暴潮进行了统计分析，并探讨了温带风暴潮产生的物理机制，此外还对莱州湾温带风暴增水以及诱发增水的天气形势进行了分析分类。在此基础上建立了莱州湾温带风暴潮统计预报方法，并在作业预报中对模型进行了检验，取得较为理想的效果。  相似文献   

Modeling of the eddy viscosity by breaking waves     

ZHANG Shuwen  YUAN Yeli  ZHENG Quan''an 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(6):116-123

Breaking wave induced nearsurface turbulence has important consequences for many physical and biochemical processes including water column and nutrients mixing,heat and gases exchange across air-sea interface.The energy loss from wave breaking and the bubble plume penetration depth are estimated.As a consequence,the vertical distribution of the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE),the TKE dissipation rate and the eddy viscosity induced by wave breaking are also provided.It is indicated that model results are found to be consistent with the observational evidence that most TKE generated by wave breaking is lost within a depth of a few meters near the sea surface.High turbulence level with intensities of eddy viscosity induced by breaking is nearly four orders larger than υwl(=κuwz),the value predicted for the wall layer scaling close to the surface,where uw is the friction velocity in water,κ with 0.4 is the von Kármán constant,and z is the water depth,and the strength of the eddy viscosity depends both on wind speed and sea state,and decays rapidly through the depth.This leads to the conclusion that the breaking wave induced vertical mixing is mainly limited to the near surface layer,well above the classical values expected from the similarity theory.Deeper down,however,the effects of wave breaking on the vertical mixing become less important.  相似文献   

北太平洋副热带模态水形成区潜沉率的年际变化及其机制     

胡海波  刘秦玉  刘伟 《海洋学报》2006,28(2):22-28

根据Huang和Qiu 1995年的潜沉率计算公式,采用同化的海洋模式资料和海洋-大气界面的通量观测资料,计算了北太平洋副热带海域3个模态水形成区逐年的潜沉率,研究了潜沉率产生年际变化的机制.研究结果表明:西部、中部和东部3个模态水形成区潜沉率的年际变化主要周期分别为6,2~5和2 a;北太平洋副热带模态水的3个形成区的潜沉率都发现年代际的变化特征:在1985年以前,西部模态水形成区的潜沉率年际变化最为显著,但1985后年际变化振幅明显减小;在中部模态水形成区,1975~1992年间潜沉率随时间的变化的振幅较大,潜沉率在这段时间内的平均值也达到33.99 m/a,而在1970~1975年间和1993~1998年间潜沉率都小于20 m/a;西部副热带模态水形成区的潜沉率的年际变化与这里海面的净热通量的年际变化有很好的相关性,中部副热带模态水形成区潜沉率的年际变化则取决于局地Ekman流的年际变化,而在东部模态水形成区局地风应力旋度的变化直接影响潜沉率的大小.  相似文献   

Pore-water distribution and quantification of diffusive benthic fluxes of nutrients in the Huanghai and East China Seas sediments     

NI Jianyu  LIU Xiaoy  CHEN Qijiang  LIN Yian 《海洋学报(英文版)》2006,25(1):90-99

1 Indroduction The coastal zone and continental shelf area is an important region in the global biogeochemical cycle of nutrients in the ocean. This portion of the global ocean interacts closely with the continents, atmosphere and the open ocean in a comp…  相似文献   

Probabilistic Models for the Probability of Wave Breaking and Whitecap Coverage Based on Kinematic Breaking Criterion     

郑桂珍  徐德伦 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(3):357-370

More and more researches show that neither the critical downward acceleration nor the critical slope of water waves is a universal constant. On the contrary, they vary with particular wave conditions. This fact moders the models either for the probability of wave breaking B or for the whitecap coverage W based on these criteria difficult to apply. In this paper and the one which follows we seek to develop models for the prediction of both B and W based on the kinematical criterion. First, several joint probabihstic distribution functions (PDFs) of wave characteristics are derived, based on which the breaking properties B and W are estimated. The estimation is made on the assumption that a wave breaks ff the horizontal velocity of water particles at its crest exceeds the local wave celerity, and whitecapping occurs in regions of fluid where water particles travel faster than the waves. The consequent B and W depend on wave spectral moments of orders 0 to 4.Then the JONSWAP spectrum is used to represent the fetch-limited sea waves in deep water, so as to relate the probahility of wave breaking and the whitecap coverage with wind parameters. To this end, the time-averaging technique proposed by Glazman (1986) is applied to the estimation of the spectral moments involved, and furthermore, the theoretical models are compared with available observations collected from published literature. From the comparison, the averaging time scale is determined. The final models show that the probability of wave breaking as well as the whitecap coverage depends on the dimensionless fetch. The agreement between these models and the database is reasonable.  相似文献   

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Submarine Free Spanning Pipelines by Complex Damping Method   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

傅强郭海燕  杨新华 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(3):485-491

Considering the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition, the differential equation for the vortex-induced vibration (V1V) of the free spanning pipeline is derived and is discretized by the Hermit interpolation function. The free vibration equation with the damping term is solved by the complex damping method for the natural frequency, and then the effect of fluid damping on the natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline is analyzed.The results show that fluid damping has a significant influence on the damped natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline in the lock-in state, while it has little influence when the pipeline is out of the lock-in state. In the meantime,the change of the free span length has the same effect on the damped natural frequency and the undamped natural frequency.  相似文献   

海洋与气候动力学     

崔茂常 《海洋科学》1997,21(2):17-19

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