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41.
《Geoforum》2016
This paper introduces a unique industrial configuration that has emerged in Beijing, where three economic clusters in the biomedical industry, originally established as industrial/research parks, have developed parallel to each other. This configuration of multiple co-located clusters of the same industry, which has not been discussed before, raises the question of whether the industrial/research parks are competing for the same resources, or whether they are complementary to each other and can collectively be viewed as a new type of industrial configuration. The paper conceptualizes a framework of multiple clusters in mega-city regions that distinguishes between collaborating and competing clusters and presents initial empirical evidence for the Beijing case. As such, this research aims to unravel the phenomenon of multiple clusters in mega-city regions and to understand the complex spatial interrelationships that exist within and beyond multiple co-located clusters in the same industry. 相似文献
42.
1971—2010年京津冀大城市热岛效应多时间尺度分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
利用1971—2010年均一化的京津冀区域逐日气温数据与质量控制后的2011年自动站逐时气温数据,分析了北京、天津和石家庄热岛效应的多尺度时间变化特征。结果表明,三个城市平均、最高和最低气温的热岛效应呈非对称性特征,最强为最低气温的热岛效应,其次为平均气温的热岛效应,最弱为最高气温的热岛效应。北京平均气温的热岛效应最强,其次为天津,石家庄相对较弱,石家庄平均气温的热岛效应近40年呈显著上升趋势,每10年达0.13℃。石家庄最高气温的热岛效应最强,其次为北京,最小为天津,近40年北京最高气温的热岛效应呈缓慢上升趋势,每10年增加0.06℃,石家庄变化不明显,天津呈微弱下降趋势。最低气温的热岛在北京最强,其次为天津,最小为石家庄,近40年最低气温热岛效应天津呈明显上升趋势,每10年增加0.18℃,其次为石家庄,北京呈微弱下降趋势。三个城市的平均气温、最低气温的热岛效应季节变化通常表现为夏季较弱,冬季最强。三个城市最高气温的热岛效应季节变化差异较大,北京10月热岛效应最弱,其他月份变化不大;天津热岛效应6月最弱,在1或12月最强;石家庄4和5月热岛效应最强,10月热岛效应最弱。由2011年自动站数据得到的平均气温热岛效应与1971—2010年的40年平均得到的平均气温的热岛效应季节变化具有类似的规律。2011年自动站热岛效应在一天中表现为白天热岛强度较低,而夜间热岛强度较高。 相似文献
43.
北京平原目前尚未建立系统的地质剖面。1867年庞培莱将北京西山分为3大系,1871年李希霍芬提出震旦系、划分12层。1922年葛利普将震旦系限定在前寒武系,1923年田奇镌将南口剖面划分为7个岩组,1934年高振西将震旦系3分(南口群、蓟县群、青白口群)。1976年乔秀夫3分青白口群(下马岭组、龙山组和景儿峪组),1980年汪长庆等将十三陵剖面分为4系12组,1991版《北京市区域地质志》将十三陵剖面分为3系12组。本文初步建立平原区地层表,详细描述太古宙结晶基底和元古宙地层剖面,在京南大兴区的榆垡(兴热-1井)和安定(兴热-2井)发现太古宙片麻岩,在京热-70井、京热-59井、京热-71井和京热-75井编录蓟县纪地层,利用亦庄小学钻孔厘定待建系下马岭组、青白口纪龙山组和景儿峪组。 相似文献
44.
本文对北京平原区Jr173井和Jr176井安山岩进行了SHRIMP和LA-LCP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,用以精确限定北京平原区火山岩时代、盆地形成与地貌转变之间的关系。2个安山岩中的锆石多晶型良好,具有典型的生长环带和较高的Th/U比值,显示其为岩浆锆石。Jr173井底部安山岩14颗锆石的206Pb/238U年龄可分为两组,其加权平均年龄分别为122.6Ma和138.4Ma;Jr176底部安山岩53颗锆石的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为122.63Ma,表明该期火山岩的形成时代为早白垩世晚期,与前人认为的侏罗纪有较大区别。结合前人资料,北京地区沿着黄庄-高丽营断裂一线形成断陷盆地,西部隆升为山脉,东部下降为平原,就其安山岩喷发时代、空间展布和盆地发育特征而言,可视为中国东部晚中生代构造演化的一个缩影。 相似文献
45.
Hongrun Ju Lijun Zuo Jinfeng Wang Shengrui Zhang Xiao Wang 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(11):2188-2207
Scientific interpretation of the driving forces of built-up land expansion is essential to urban planning and policy-making. In general, built-up land expansion results from the interactions of different factors, and thus, understanding the combined impacts of built-up land expansion is beneficial. However, previous studies have primarily been concerned with the separate effect of each driver, rather than the interactions between the drivers. Using the built-up land expansion in Beijing from 2000 to 2010 as a study case, this research aims to fill this gap. A spatial statistical method, named the geographical detector, was used to investigate the effects of physical and socioeconomic factors. The effects of policy factors were also explored using physical and socioeconomic factors as proxies. The results showed that the modifiable areal unit problem existed in the geographical detector, and 4000 m might be the optimal scale for the classification performed in this study. At this scale, the interactions between most factors enhanced each other, which indicated that the interactions had greater effects on the built-up land expansion than any single factor. In addition, two pairs of nonlinear enhancement, the greatest enhancement type, were found between the distance to rivers and two socioeconomic factors: the total investment in fixed assets and GDP. Moreover, it was found that the urban plans, environmental protection policies and major events had a great impact on built-up land expansion. The findings of this study verify that the geographical detector is applicable in analysing the driving forces of built-up land expansion. This study also offers a new perspective in researching the interactions between different drivers. 相似文献
46.
北京百年地质调查的传承与发展——《北京市区域地质志》修编 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
北京是中国地质调查的"摇篮",1913年成立地质调查所。1916年开始北京西山地质调查,1920年出版第一部地质调查专著《北京西山地质志》,民国时期"燕山运动"的提出和"北京猿人"的发现为影响世界的地质调查成果。解放后,北京率先实现1∶5万区域地质调查的全覆盖,1991年出版《北京市区域地质志》。2013—2015年修编第二版《北京市区域地质志》,为了突出北京的城市地质特色,增加"城市地质"篇章和"北京市基岩地质图",为京津冀协同发展服务。今后,北京的地质调查将以天安门为中心部署展开,建立8个监测预警预报系统,实现从地质找矿为中心向地质环境调查为中心转变,从资源调查向多参数调查转变,从平面地质调查向三维地质调查转变。 相似文献
47.
48.
北京下苇甸剖面张夏组鲕粒特征及其白云化机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
北京下苇甸剖面张夏组作为华北寒武系的标准剖面之一,鲜有人对其中的鲕粒类型及其成岩作用进行细致研究。在充分调研前人研究的基础上,通过野外观察、实测,并结合室内薄片鉴定、XRD测试等技术,对下苇甸剖面张夏组的鲕粒类型进行总结,并对鲕粒白云化机制进行分析。结果显示:(1)下苇甸张夏组鲕粒类型主要为放射鲕、同心放射鲕及单晶鲕/多晶鲕,还有少量同心鲕、复鲕及藻鲕;(2)鲕粒发生白云化,填隙物未见白云化,且放射圈层白云化程度高于同心圈层,并且放射圈层白云石颗粒围绕核心呈放射状分布,同心圈层围绕核心呈同心状分布;(3)鲕粒内部白云石颗粒多为中细晶,自形-半自形,回流渗透白云化是造成鲕粒白云化的主要成因,因此造成亮晶鲕粒石灰岩白云化程度高于灰泥鲕粒石灰岩。 相似文献
49.
The timing and extent of cratonic destruction are crucial to understanding the crustal evolution of the North China Craton (NCC). Zircon U–Pb–Hf isotope data and the whole-rock major and trace element characteristics of the Huyu igneous rocks in northwestern Beijing, China, provide possible new evidence for the initial destruction of the NCC. The igneous rocks occur as several sills and dikes, including lamprophyre, monzonite porphyry, and aplite. The lamprophyres have high Mg# and K2O contents. The monzonite porphyries have high Mg#, high K2O contents, and negative εHf(t) values with zircon U–Pb ages of 225.5–227.7 Ma. These two types of rocks are both enriched in large ion lithosphere elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) but are depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs) and high rare earth elements (HREEs) and have almost no Eu anomalies and relatively high total rare earth element (ΣREE) contents. In contrast, the aplites exhibit high silica and K2O contents, low MgO contents, and more negative εHf(t) values with a zircon U–Pb age of 206.2 Ma. The aplites are also enriched in LILEs and LREEs but are depleted in HFSEs and HREEs, with strongly negative Eu, Ti, P, La, Ce, and Sr anomalies and relatively low ΣREE contents. These results indicate that the lamprophyres and monzonite porphyries represent a continuous cogenetic magma evolution series after melt derived from an enriched metasomatized lithospheric mantle experienced crust assimilation and fractional crystallization. The aplites were produced by the fractional crystallization of low-Mg parental magma derived from melting of the ancient Archaean crust. The occurrence of the Huyu intrusive rocks with many other plutons of similar ages on the northern margin of the NCC suggests that the northern NCC entered an intraplate extensional tectonic environment in the Late Triassic. 相似文献
50.
In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and meteorological observation data were used to research the long-distance moisture transport supply source of the extreme rainfall event that occurred on July 21, 2012 in Beijing. Recording a maximum rainfall amount of 460 mm in 24 h, this rainstorm event had two dominant moisture transport channels. In the early stage of the rainstorm, the first channel comprised southwesterly monsoonal moisture from the Bay of Bengal (BOB) that was directly transported to north China along the eastern edge of Tibetan Plateau (TP) by orographic uplift. During the rainstorm, the southwesterly moisture transport was weakened by the transfer of Typhoon Vicente. Moreover, the southeasterly moisture transport between the typhoon and western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) became another dominant moisture transport channel. The moisture in the lower troposphere was mainly associated with the southeasterly moisture transport from the South China Sea and the East China Sea, and the moisture in the middle troposphere was mainly transported from the BOB and Indian Ocean. The control experiment well reproduced the distribution and intensity of rainfall and moisture transport. By comparing the control and three sensitivity experiments, we found that the moisture transported from Typhoon Vicente and a tropical cyclone in the BOB both significantly affected this extreme rainfall event. After Typhoon Vicente was removed in a sensitivity experiment, the maximum 24-h accumulated rainfall in north China was reduced by approximately 50% compared with that of the control experiment, while the rainfall after removing the tropical cyclone was reduced by 30%. When both the typhoon and tropical cyclone were removed, the southwesterly moisture transport was enhanced. Moreover, the sensitivity experiment of removing Typhoon Vicente also weakened the tropical cyclone in the BOB. Thus, the moisture pump driven by Typhoon Vicente played an important role in maintaining and strengthening the tropical cyclone in the BOB through its westerly airflow. Typhoon Vicente was not only the moisture transfer source for the southwesterly monsoonal moisture but also affected the tropical cyclone in the BOB, which was a key supply source of long-distance moisture transport for the extreme rainfall event on July 21, 2012 in Beijing. 相似文献