近51a漳州市极端最低气温变化特征分析     

苏晓玲  龚松柏  郭伟斌  陈雅丽 《贵州气象》2014,(3):1-5

利用福建省漳州市10个气象站1962—2012年1、2、12月逐日最低气温资料,分析漳州极端最低气温变化特征。结果表明:①漳州多年冬季平均极端最低气温以0.397℃/10 a线性倾向率增加。②各年代际气候倾向率差异明显,20世纪80年代年极端最低气温增加最快(气候倾向率2.715℃/10 a),21世纪以来气候倾向率最小(0.006℃/10 a),20世纪70年代内极端最低气温变化相对稳定(变异系数为0.85),20世纪90年代气温变化剧烈(变异系数为1.72)。③极端最低气温(5℃)日数以-1.6℃/10 a的气候倾向率减少,多年低温日数平均值为7.5 d。④漳州市区、郊区极端最低气温显著增加,漳州市区极端最低气温以0.546℃/10 a气候倾向率增加,郊区以0.381℃/10 a气候倾向率增加。⑤漳州市区与郊区极端最低气温(5℃)日数平均差值5 d,市区低温日数以-2.427 d/10 a的气候倾向率减小,郊区低温日数以-1.509 d/10 a的气候倾向率减少。  相似文献   

AVHRR分裂窗算法反演高山草甸地表温度精度评估     

闵文彬  李跃清 《四川气象》2014,(2):44-47

利用理塘县高山草甸地表温度实测数据,分析6种常用AVHRR分裂窗算法的精度,为青藏高原地区地表温度的卫星反演提供技术支持.结果表明：6种常用AVHRR分裂窗算法反演地表温度与实测值之间有很好的线性正相关关系,反演温度与实测温度最大偏差3.36K,最大平均绝对误差2.25k,最小平均绝对误差0.77K.给出了反演高山草甸地表温度的AVHRR分裂窗算法建议.  相似文献   

黄河宁夏段凌汛期气温变化特征     

陆晓静  苏占胜  谭志强 《干旱气象》2014,(1):120-122,127

利用宁夏1991~2010年20 a凌汛期水文和气温序列资料,研究了宁夏凌汛期特征、凌汛灾害发生主要时段,黄河封河、开河集中期与日平均气温之间的关系。结果表明:宁夏凌汛特征为封开河时序相反,小流量、高水位行洪,受强冷空气影响较大;凌汛灾害主要发生在封河和开河期间;日平均气温正负转化日期与封、开河期有对应关系,宁夏封河集中期在12月20日至1月19日;开河集中日期在2月13~20日。在凌汛关键期结合MODIS遥感数据对凌汛灾害监测防范有一定指导意义。  相似文献   

1961—2013年威海市气温变化特征及突变分析     

郝玲玲  ;苏春生 《内蒙古气象》2014,(6):16-18

文章采用1961—2013年威海市所辖4个气象站地面观测气温资料,统计分析了威海市近53a气温变化特征,并利用Mann-Kendall法对年平均气温突变特征进行了分析。结果表明:威海市年平均气温明显呈增暖趋势,气候变化趋势倾向率为0.3°C/10a,年平均最高、最低气温气候变化趋势倾向率分别为0.2°C/10a、0.3°C/10a;近53a威海市年平均气温在1987年发生了由冷转暖的突变,增暖趋势自1992年开始趋于显著。  相似文献   

从Landsat8影像反演地表温度的劈窗算法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨槐 《测绘信息与工程》2014,(4):73-77

以厦门市为研究区域,以2013年的Landsat8为研究数据,研究亮度温度反演以及地表温度反演的劈窗算法,推导出该算法的演算过程,根据Landsat8的特性,确定该算法的参数取值。通过ENVI/IDL软件编程实现该算法,采用厦门市遥感数据反演地表温度,并且利用厦门市气象局实测温度验证地表温度反演结果的有效性。  相似文献   

基于 Landsat 8的城市热岛效应研究初探--以厦门市为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈云 《东北测绘》2014,(2):123-128

以厦门市为研究区域,以2013年的Landsat 8为研究数据,研究亮度温度反演和地表温度反演算法,通过ENVI/IDL软件编程实现,并且利用厦门市气象局实测温度验证地表反演结果的有效性。同时,还分析了当前厦门市热岛效应空间分布情况,以期为厦门市城市规划和建设旅行城市等工作提供重要参考意义。  相似文献   

Earthquake, strong tide and global low temperature     

YANG Dong-hong YANG Xue-xiang 《东北亚地学研究》2005,8(1):126-132

＂La Madre＂ is a kind of upper atmospheric air current, and occurs as ＂warm phase＂ and ＂cold phase＂ in the sky of Pacific Ocean alternately. There exists this phenomenon, called ＂Oscillation Decade in the Pacific＂ （ODP）, for 20 - 30 years. It is concerned with 60 year cycle of the tides. Lunar oscillations explain an intriguing 60-year cycle in the world＇s temperature. Strong tides increase the vertical mixing of water in the oceans, drawing cold ocean water from the depths to surface, where it cools the atmosphere above. The first strong seismic episode in China was from 1897 to 1912; the second to the fifth was the in 1920-1937, 1946-1957, 1966-1980, 1991-2002, tsrectruely. The alternative boundaries of＂La Madre＂ warm phase and cold phase were in 1890, 1924, 1946 and 2000, which were near the boundaries of four strong earthquakes. It indicated the strong earthquakes closedly related with the substances＇ motion of atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, the change of gravity potential, and the exchange of angular momentum. The strong earthquakes in the ocean bottom can bring the cool waters at the deep ocean up to the ocean surface and make the global climate cold. the earthquake, strong tide and global low temperature are close inrelntion for each othen.  相似文献   

制冷控制系统研制与探析     

吴鹏  郑勇  路杰 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(Z1):157-160

根据实际应用研制制冷控制系统,该系统采用温度测量、PID控制及PWM脉宽调制等技术实现了对目标对象的制冷处理,具有一定的应用价值。  相似文献   

A near‐annual palaeohydrological study based on testate amoebae from a sub‐alpine mire: surface wetness and the role of climate during the instrumental period     

Mariusz Lamentowicz  Willem Van Der Knaap  Łukasz Lamentowicz  Jacqueline F. N. Van Leeuwen  Edward A. D. Mitchell  Tomasz Goslar  Christian Kamenik 《第四纪科学杂志》2010,25(2):190-202

We present the first testate amoeba‐based palaeohydrological reconstruction from the Swiss Alps, and the first depth to the water table (DWT) calibration dataset for this region. Compared to existing models, our new calibration dataset performs well (RMSEP = 4.88), despite the length of the water table gradient covered (53 cm). The present‐day topography and vegetation of the study mire Mauntschas suggest that it is partly ombrotrophic (large Sphagnum fuscum hummocks, one of which was the coring site) but mostly under the minerotrophic influence of springs in the mire and runoff from the surrounding area. Ombrotrophic Sphagnum fuscum hummocks developed at the sampling site only during the last 50 years, when testate amoebae indicate a shift towards dry and/or acid conditions. Prior to AD 1950 the water table was much higher, suggesting that the influence of the mineral‐rich water prevented the development of ombrotrophic hummocks. The reconstructed DWT correlated with Pinus cembra pollen accumulation rates, suggesting that testate amoebae living on the mire and P. cembra growing outside of it partly respond to the same factor(s). Finally, temperature trends from the nearby meteorological station paralleled trends in reconstructed DWT. However, contrary to other studies made on raised bogs of northwestern Europe, the highest correlation was observed for winter temperature, despite the fact that testate amoebae would more logically respond to moisture conditions during the growing season. The observed correlation with winter temperature might reflect a control of winter severity on surface moisture during at least the first part of the growing season, through snow melt and soil frost phenomena influencing run‐off. More ecohydrological work on sub‐alpine mires is needed to understand the relationships between climate, testate amoebae and peatland development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A distributed thermodynamic model for energy and mass balance computation: FEST–EWB     

Chiara Corbari  Giovanni Ravazzani  Marco Mancini 《水文研究》2011,25(9):1443-1452

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