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知识创新工程中地图学学科规划若干问题 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所的知识创新工程中,地图学是一门十分重要的学科。本文就知识创新工程的地图学的学科规划中的几个问题进行分析和讨论。文中首先阐述了地图学学科规划的指导思想,即继承深厚的学科积淀、追踪国际热点和前沿、超越和创新、理论-技术-产业化紧密结合。随后作者讨论了地图学的国家目标和科学目标,对地图学的主要创新方向及其领域前沿科学问题进行了深入的叙述,同时也涉及到了创新基地内外一体化的组织管理体系的设想。最后,本文从“多层次的创新成果展望”和“地球科学中永远年青的横断型学科”两方面对地图学的未来发展前景作了展望 相似文献
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Seppe Cassettari 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):215-223
The British Cartographic Society has been in existence for 50 years. During that time it has sought to pursue its central aim of promoting the art and science of cartography through a variety of publications and events to its members and beyond. The Society has been on a journey of continual development in response to the way maps are created and used. In this short history we touch on some of the factors that have influenced its evolution and what the future may hold. 相似文献
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Terrain maps displaying hill-shading with curvature 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Many types of maps can be created by neighborhood operations on a continuous surface such as provided by a digital elevation model. These most commonly include first derivatives slope or aspect, and second derivatives planimetric or profile curvature. Such variables are often used in geomorphic analyses of terrain. First derivatives also provide subtle enhancements to hill-shaded maps. For example, some maps combine oblique and vertical illumination, with the latter reflecting variations in slope.This study illustrates how second derivative maps, in conjunction with hill-shading, can cartographically enhance topographic detail. A simple conic model indicates that image-tone edges where slope or aspect varies by less than 0.5° are visible on curvature maps. Hill-shaded images combined with curvature enhance the continuity of naturally occurring tonal edges, especially in strongly illuminated areas. Variations in planimetric and profile curvature seem to be especially effective at highlighting convergent and divergent drainages and variations in erosion rate between or within sedimentary units, respectively. Shading curvature with consideration given to illumination models can add detail to hill-shaded terrain maps in a manner similar to cognitive models employed by map viewers. 相似文献
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Abstract On the basis of a detailed cartographic survey carried out by Side Scan Sonar and a towed underwater video camera during 2005, and from a series of historical maps (1959, 1980, 1990), an extensive regression of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile beds was evidenced for a vast area of the central Tyrrhenian Sea (Latium coast, Italy). The total loss of P. oceanica surface was assessed through GIS estimate. In 1959, the Posidonia beds extended over 7290 ha, while in the 2005 survey they had regressed to 2899 ha, a loss of about 60% of their coverage. Also the seagrass lower limit showed a general depth decrease in time. Total seagrass coverage loss and lower limit regression were not uniform along the whole investigated areas and three main sub-areas have been identified with different degrees of regression somehow related with coastal potential human-mediated impacts. From different coverage estimates of the present survey and of the previous maps, minimum sampling areas were calculated through bootstrapping simulation routines from small sampling areas (Landscape Units) to reach the nearest estimate of the observed condition in the different periods. 相似文献
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基于ArcMap的全国草地资源图的研制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
侯西勇 《地球信息科学学报》2003,5(4):104-109
详细地介绍了利用美国 ESRI公司的 Arc GIS 8.1软件产品中的 Arc Map模块完成全国草地资源专题地图的计算机辅助设计和样品图打印输出工作的全部过程以及需要注意的问题。草地资源数据来自对 1 999～ 2 0 0 0年全国范围 L andsat TM遥感影像的计算机解译结果 ,背景数据为 1∶ 5 0 0 0 0 0的地理底图数据 ,包括居民点、行政边界、公路、铁路和水系等要素 ;所有数据都已经存贮为 ARC/ INFO- Coverage文件格式。该工作有两部分具体的任务 :1分省草地资源制图设计与样品图输出 ;2 1∶ 5 0 0 0 0 0分幅草地资源制图设计与样品图输出。两部分共完成和输出 2 4 0余幅草地资源专题地图。 相似文献