Simulated runoff responses to land use in the middle and upstream reaches of Taoerhe River basin,Northeast China,in wet,average and dry years     

Lijuan Li  Dejuan Jiang  Xiyong Hou  Jiuyi Li 《水文研究》2013,27(24):3484-3494

Study on runoff variations and responses can lay a foundation for flood control, water allocation and integrated river basin management. This study applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model to simulate the effects of land use on annual and monthly runoff in the Middle and Upstream Reaches of Taoerhe River basin, Northeast China, under the wet, average and dry climate conditions through scenario analysis. The results showed that from the early 1970s to 2000, land use change with an increase in farmland (17.0%) and decreases in forest (10.6%), grassland (4.6%) and water body (3.1%) caused increases in annual and monthly runoff. This effect was more distinct in the wet season or in the wet year, suggesting that land use change from the early 1970s to 2000 may increase the flood potential in the wet season. Increases in precipitation and air temperature from the average to wet year led to annual and monthly (March and from June to December) runoff increases, while a decrease in precipitation and an increase in air temperature from the average to dry year induced decreases in annual and monthly (all months except March) runoff, and moreover, these effects were more remarkable in the wet season than those in the dry season. Due to the integrated effects of changing land use and climate conditions, the annual runoff increased (decreased) by 70.1 mm (25.2 mm) or 197.4% (71.0%) from the average to wet (dry) year. In conclusion, climate conditions, especially precipitation, played an important role in runoff variations while land use change was secondary over the study area, and furthermore, the effects of changes in land use and/or climate conditions on monthly runoff were larger in the wet season. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

中国地质学会百年庆典活动标识及使用要求     

中国地质学会编辑部 《地质论评》2022,68(2):6802487-6802487

2022年,中国地质学会迎来了百年华诞,为进一步扩大百年庆典活动的影响力,于2021年6月向社会公开征集活动标识。经遴选,拟启用下图作为中国地质学会百年华诞庆典活动唯一指定标识。  相似文献   

甘肃省宁正矿区新庄井田煤质及工业用途评价          下载免费PDF全文

张子祥 《甘肃地质》2022,(1):36-40

甘肃省宁正矿区新庄井田位于宁县县城南约15 km处,矿区面积208 km²,属于大型井田,煤炭资源量达19. 25亿t。从煤的物理性质、煤岩性质、煤的化学性质和工艺性能等方面分析,认为矿区的煤具有中高挥发分、低灰、低硫—中硫、低磷、高发热量、弱粘结,高热稳定性、较低软化温度灰、较难磨、易选—中等可选的特点,煤类主要为不粘煤,其次为弱粘煤,少量中强粘结煤,原煤或浮选后的浮煤可作为动力用煤、气化用煤等。  相似文献   

Diverging forest land use dynamics induced by armed conflict across the tropics     

《Global Environmental Change》2019

Armed conflicts trigger region-specific mechanisms that affect land use change. Deforestation is presented as one of the most common negative environmental impacts resulting from armed conflicts, with relevant consequences in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and loss of ecosystem services. However, the impact of armed conflict on forests is complex and may simultaneously lead to positive and negative environmental outcomes, i.e. forest regrowth and deforestation, in different regions even within a country. We investigate the impact that armed conflict exerted over forest dynamics at different spatial scales in Colombia and for the global tropics during the period 1992–2015. Through the analysis of its internally displaced population (departures) our results suggest that, albeit finding forest regrowth in some municipalities, the Colombian conflict predominantly exerted a negative impact on its forests. A further examination of georeferenced fighting locations in Colombia and across the globe shows that conflict areas were 8 and 4 times more likely to undergo deforestation, respectively, in the following years in relation to average deforestation rates. This study represents a municipality level, long-term spatial analysis of the diverging effects the Colombian conflict exerted over its forest dynamics over two distinct periods of increasing and decreasing conflict intensity. Moreover, it presents the first quantified estimate of conflict's negative impact on forest ecosystems across the globe. The relationship between armed conflict and land use change is of global relevance given the recent increase of armed conflicts across the world and the importance of a possible exacerbation of armed conflicts and migration as climate change impacts increase.  相似文献   

螺杆钻进工艺在青海共和干热岩GR1钻井中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

谭现锋  王景广  郭新强  段隆臣 《探矿工程》2021,48(2):49-53

本文重要介绍了转盘(顶驱)+螺杆钻具复合钻进工艺在干热岩钻井中的应用。为进一步提高干热岩钻井施工效率和减少孔内事故,在青海共和干热岩GR1井进行了转盘+螺杆钻具复合钻进应用,根据现场高温井况下螺杆钻具的工作特性,改进优选了螺杆钻具的耐高温橡胶和转子定子的配合间隙,是螺杆钻具复合钻进工艺在深孔高温干热岩钻孔(孔深3705m,孔底温度236℃)施工的首次成功尝试,并取得了良好效果,经受住了硬岩和高温的考验,为进一步改进螺杆钻具在高温井况下的应用提供了宝贵的现场施工经验,也将为我国干热岩科学钻探与深部地热资源勘探提供新的技术支撑。  相似文献   

近40 a 来三门湾海岸线时空变化遥感监测与分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈晓英  张杰  马毅  崔廷伟 《海洋科学》2015,39(2):43-49

了解岸线的变化对海岸开发利用有重要意义。本文以Landsat MSS、TM、ETM+、OLI影像为主要数据源,采用人机交互的方式提取1973~2013年的4期三门湾大陆岸线,获取岸线长度以及陆域变化面积等信息,并以县级市(象山县、宁海县、三门县)为单位分段分析岸线时空变化特征。在此基础上,结合研究区新增土地利用类型的解译结果,对三门湾地区海岸开发方式进行系统分析。结果表明:1973~2013年三门湾岸线总体向海推进,总长度减少40.18 km,沿岸陆域面积增加155.89 km2,其中2000~2013年岸线向海扩张最为显著,近40 a来,在沿海三县中,宁海县岸段岸线变迁最为剧烈;海岸人为开发是岸线变化的主导因素,且开发方式时间异质性显著:早期以围垦造田、堵港蓄淡为主,20世纪80年代后期至20世纪末,偏重围垦养殖,进入21世纪,开发规模大幅增长,围垦造田和养殖依然是海岸开发的主要方式,同时城镇、工业建设等围填海规模迅增,港口码头建设也加快了步伐,海岸开发方式呈现多样化。  相似文献   

临沂市节约集约用地调查分析及对策     

刘建伟  孙连彬  朱孝建 《山东国土资源》2015,31(7)

临沂市通过凝聚节约集约用地合力、创新节约集约用地模式、严格建设用地动态监管等,有效提高了土地利用效率和承载能力,较好地促进了经济社会科学发展。但也存在着土地利用结构有待调整、土地利用布局不平衡、土地利用强度不够高、土地低效闲置现象比较突出等问题。今后,应以强化规划计划管理、深入挖潜盘活存量用地、探索节约集约用地新途径、健全完善节约集约用地长效机制为重点,不断推进节约集约用地再上新台阶,更好地保障和促进经济社会科学发展。  相似文献   

城乡土地利用中的传统文化保护     

许庆福  许梦  吴汉涛 《山东国土资源》2015,31(7)

传统文化是物质生活和精神生活的历史积淀,是一个民族共有精神家园,而土地则是传统文化的重要物质载体。随着经济社会的快速发展,一些优秀的传统文化也伴随着城乡土地利用变化而随之消失。在建设社会主义文化强国的背景下,城乡土地利用应结合现代农业发展,注重农耕文化的传承;结合新农村建设,强化对传统村落的保护;结合城市更新,加强对传统街区、历史建筑的保护。  相似文献   

基于ISO14000环境管理体系的土地利用行为约束研究——以烟台开发区为例          下载免费PDF全文

姜义禄  郝小亮 《山东国土资源》2015,31(1):72-74,79

介绍了ISO14000环境管理体系的标准内涵,以PDCA模式为基础,从土地规划、土地保障、土地经营、土地执法4个方面构建出土地利用行为约束体系;分析烟台开发区基于PDCA模式的土地利用行为,结论表明:该模式可有效指导并约束土地利用行为,有利于区域生态环境建设。  相似文献   

Pixel-based and object-based classifications using high- and medium-spatial-resolution imageries in the urban and suburban landscapes     

Ronald C. Estoque  Yuji Murayama  Chiaki Mizutani Akiyama 《国际地球制图》2015,30(10):1113-1129

With the increasing availability of high-spatial-resolution remote sensing imageries and with the observed limitations of pixel-based techniques, the development and testing of geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) techniques for image classification have become one of the main research areas in geospatial science. This paper examines and compares the classification performance of a pixel-based method and an object-based method as applied to high- (QuickBird satellite image) and medium- (Landsat TM image) spatial-resolution imageries in the context of urban and suburban landscapes. For the pixel-based classification, the maximum-likelihood supervised classification approach was employed. And for the object-based classification, the pixel-based classified maps were integrated with a set of image segments produced using various calibrations. The results show evidence that the object-based method can produce classifications that are more accurate for both high- and medium-spatial- resolution imageries in the context of urban and suburban landscapes.  相似文献