典型地物波谱知识库建库与波谱服务的若干问题   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

苏理宏  李小文  王锦地  唐世浩 《地球科学进展》2003,18(2):185-191

地物波谱知识库的建立旨在满足应用需求。为达到数据的共享,波谱知识库应对遥感实验测量的波谱数据和相关信息如观测规范、实验环境有清楚的说明,即要有完备的元数据让用户知道波谱知识库中是什么样的数据。为弥补地面测量数据与用户需要数据的时间空间尺度差异,用于外延观测数据的遥感物理模型必不可少;这要求收集分析遥感物理模型,评价其适用条件并创建模型元数据,使用户了解在其工作条件下有何适用的模型,模型的依据是什么;同时波谱库使用遥感物理解析模型和计算机模拟模型完成植被参数的时间扩展和沿叶片-冠层-像元 3个层次的观测尺度空间扩展,从而产生像元尺度可见光到热红外波段的参考波谱。为实现因特网上的波谱知识共享,需要研究如何组织波谱数据和模型,让用户方便地远程检索实测的典型地物波谱数据,并可以实时获取由遥感物理模型外延的波谱数据。从上述 3个方面归纳了波谱库建设和服务需要解决的 6个问题。  相似文献   

In-Flight Main Beam Reconstruction for Planck-LFI     

C. Burigana  P. Natoli  N. Vittorio  N. Mandolesi  M. Bersanelli 《Experimental Astronomy》2001,12(2):87-106

In-flight measurements of the shape of the antenna main beam is a crucial input to the data analysis pipeline of each high resolution Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy experiment. We study the main beam reconstruction achievable by the PLANCK Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) through the observation of external planets. Although were strict our analysis to the 30 GHz LFI channel, the method can be easily extended to all the PLANCK frequency channels and to other CMB anisotropy experiments. We show that it is possible to fit the time ordered data from the external planets (mainly Jupiter and Saturn) to obtain an accurate, robust, simple and fast reconstruction of the main beam properties under very general conditions, almost independently of the calibration accuracy. In addition, we find that a bivariate Gaussian approximation of main beam shapes represents a significant improvement with respect to asymmetric representation. The impact of the most relevant systematic effects is also addressed. We demonstrate that by combining the recovery of the maximum signal at the planet transit with accurate in-flight calibration, it is possible to measure the intrinsic planet temperatures at millimetric wavelengths with < 1% accuracy. This work is based on PLANCK-LFI activities. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Field validation of antioxidant enzyme biomarkers in mussels (Perna viridis) and clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) transplanted in Hong Kong coastal waters   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

De Luca-Abbott SB  Richardson BJ  McClellan KE  Zheng GJ  Martin M  Lam PK 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):694-707

Green-lipped mussels, Perna viridis, and Manila clams, Ruditapes philippinarum were sourced from “clean” sites in the Hong Kong region, depurated in a laboratory using uncontaminated filtered seawater for 8 days, and transplanted to a suspected gradient of chemically polluted sites in Hong Kong. After 14- and 28-days of field exposure, several antioxidant parameters including glutathione S transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) were quantified in gill and hepatopancreas tissues. Whole body tissue concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCs) were determined in pooled site samples. Chemical analyses indicated that: (a) clams had higher levels of PAHs, PHCs, DDTs and PCBs, whereas mussels had higher hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) and there was no difference between species for dieldrin and remaining OCs; (b) Kat O should not be continued as a “clean” reference site for Hong Kong, because of the levels of contaminants measured and (c) PAH concentrations in the current survey were similar to those previously measured. Toxicological conclusions were: (a) antioxidant responses were different between species; (b) CAT and GST have highest utility in clams for field use in Hong Kong, whereas CAT in both gill and hepatopancreas tissue showed most potential in mussels; (c) significant induction of antioxidant responses over day 0 (excluding GPx in both tissues, and GST in mussel hepatic tissue); (d) groups of contaminants do not consistently induce antioxidant responses and (e) organochlorines and PCBs correlated significantly with CAT and GST in clam hepatopancreas and with CAT in mussel gill and hepatic tissue. Multivariate statistical techniques indicated little relationship between the site patterns for antioxidant responses and the contaminant gradients identified in body burden analysis.  相似文献   

Road vehicle-induced vibration control of microelectronics facilities     

郭安薪  徐幼麟  李惠 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2005,4(1):139-151

A hybrid control platform is investigated in this paper to mitigate microvibrations to a group of vibration-sensitive equipment installed in a microelectronics facility subject to nearby road vehicle-induced horizontal and vertical ground motions. The hybrid control platform, on which microelectronics equipment is installed, is mounted on a building floor through a series of passive mounts and controlled by hydraulic actuators in both horizontal and vertical directions. The control platform is an elastic body with significant bending modes of vibration, and a sub-optimal control algorithm is used to manipulate the hydraulic actuators with actuator dynamics included. The finite element model and the equations of motion of the coupled platform-building system are then established in the absolute coordinate to facilitate the feedback control and performance evaluation of the platform. The horizontal and vertical ground vibrations at the base of the building induced by nearby moving road vehicles are assumed to be stationary random processes. A typical three-story microelectronics building is selected as a case study. The case study shows that the vertical vibration of the microelectronics building is higher than the horizontal. The use of a hybrid control platform can effectively reduce both horizontal and vertical microvibrations of the microelectronics equipment to the level which satisfies the stringent microscale velocity requirement specified in the Bolt Beranek & Newman (BBN) criteria.  相似文献   

基于航片的小流域参与式土地利用调查方法初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵安  陈葵  樊哲文 《国土资源遥感》2004,15(1):56-59

介绍了中德合作项目"江西山区可持续发展"小流域开发项目中"基于航片的小流域参与式土地利用调查方法"的基本概念、基础底图航片的准备工作和野外调绘的基本步骤,整个过程都以江西省于都县罗江乡黄岭小流域为例。最后分析了此方法的优缺点,以期能为今后的类似工作提供一些有益的参考。  相似文献   

复杂断块油田弧形断层对油气的聚集作用--以东辛油田东营组油藏为例   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

姜素华  姜雨  覃忠校 《西北地质》2004,37(4):27-32

以东辛油田东营组油藏为例,在断裂体系研究的基础上,通过对断层垂向封闭性的研究,建立断面正应力与断层封堵能力的关系,发现弧性断层具有独特的控油优势,进而探讨在复杂断块油田中弧性断层的受力机制及形成过程．分析弧形断层的剖面形态及封闭特征,及其对油气藏聚集的控制优势。指出复杂断块油田弧性断层的封闭性优于其他断层,这对寻找构造边缘和构造应力接合部位的次生油藏意义重大。  相似文献   

Estimating aquifer hydraulic properties using sinusoidal pumping at the Savannah River site,South Carolina,USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Todd?C.?RasmussenEmail author  Kevin?G.?Haborak  Michael?H.?Young 《Hydrogeology Journal》2003,11(4):466-482

A framework for estimating aquifer hydraulic properties using sinusoidal pumping is presented that (1) derives analytical solutions for confined, leaky, and partially penetrating conditions; (2) compares the analytical solutions with a finite element model; (3) establishes a field protocol for conducting sinusoidal aquifer tests; and (4) estimates aquifer parameters using the analytical solutions. The procedure is demonstrated in one surficial and two confined aquifers containing potentially contaminated water in coastal plain sediments at the Savannah River site, a federal nuclear facility. The analytical solutions compare favorably with finite-element solutions, except immediately adjacent to the pumping well where the assumption of zero borehole radius is not valid. Estimated aquifer properties are consistent with previous studies for the two confined aquifers, but are inconsistent for the surficial aquifer; conventional tests yielded estimates of the specific yield—consistent with an unconfined response—while the shorter-duration sinusoidal perturbations yielded estimates of the storativity—consistent with a confined, elastic response. The approach minimizes investigation-derived wastes, a significant concern where contaminated fluids must be disposed of in an environmentally acceptable manner. An additional advantage is the ability to introduce a signal different from background perturbations, thus easing detection.  相似文献   

高升油田莲花油层主要砂体稠油中的酸性化合物   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪双清  林壬子  梅博文 《地球化学》2000,29(4):376-382

酸性化合物是辽河稠油的主要化学组成部分。对辽河盆地高升油田莲花油层沙三段４个主要砂体（４、５、６、７砂体）稠油样品的分子地球化学研究表明,其酸性化合在型包括饱和的直链脂肪酸、单甲基支链（异构－和反异构）脂肪酸、类型戊二稀酸、五环三萜类羧酸、甾烷类羧酸、单环芳构有机酸和酚、多环羧酸和少量的氮流化合物。饱和烃和酸性倾合物在各砂体中的存在和分布特征对比分析的结果表明,有机质的分布在各砂体中的变化不能简单  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地油坊庄油田长2油层组储层宏观非均质性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

肖玲  田景春  魏钦廉  张春生 《沉积与特提斯地质》2006,26(2):59-62

油坊庄油田长2油层组发育水上分流河道、天然堤、决口扇、沼泽等沉积微相类型,储集砂体以水上分流河道砂体为主,天然堤等次之。顺着物源方向,砂体连通性较好,物性较好,非均质性弱;垂直于物源方向砂体连通性、物性较差,非均质性强。储层层内非均质性较强,储集砂体垂向韵律以正韵律为主,不利于水驱油。长2油层组单砂层数越多,层间非均质性越强。综合研究表明,储层非均质性受沉积环境控制。  相似文献   

核磁共振方法在致密砂岩储层孔隙结构中的应用--以鄂尔多斯大牛地气田上古生界石盒子组3段为例   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7  

赵彦超  陈淑慧  郭振华 《地质科技情报》2006,25(1):109-112

采用低场核磁共振实验的方法研究了鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田上古生界石盒子组3段岩芯样品的核磁共振弛豫时间T2分布与由压汞毛管压力曲线所获得的孔喉半径分布之间的对应关系和转换方法,建立了T2几何平均值与毛管压力曲线孔喉结构参数之间的统计关系.研究结果表明,致密砂岩储层的核磁共振T2分布与由毛管压力曲线所获得的孔径分布之间存在密切的相关性,二者都反映了岩石的孔隙结构,利用核磁共振技术来评价致密砂岩储层的孔喉结构是有效的,同时也为利用核磁共振测井技术开展致密砂岩储层评价提供了实验基础.  相似文献