Statistical Optimization to Model Ammonia Removal During Co‐Composting of Pulp/Paper Mill Sludge and Corn Wastes          下载免费PDF全文

Nurdan Aycan  Nurdan Gamze Turan 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(11):1572-1577

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Improved hybrid iterative optimization method for seismic full waveform inversion   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Wang Yi  Dong Liang-Guo  Liu Yu-Zhu 《应用地球物理》2013,10(3):265-277

In full waveform inversion (FWI), Hessian information of the misfit function is of vital importance for accelerating the convergence of the inversion; however, it usually is not feasible to directly calculate the Hessian matrix and its inverse. Although the limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (L-BFGS) or Hessian-free inexact Newton (HFN) methods are able to use approximate Hessian information, the information they collect is limited. The two methods can be interlaced because they are able to provide Hessian information for each other; however, the performance of the hybrid iterative method is dependent on the effective switch between the two methods. We have designed a new scheme to realize the dynamic switch between the two methods based on the decrease ratio (DR) of the misfit function (objective function), and we propose a modified hybrid iterative optimization method. In the new scheme, we compare the DR of the two methods for a given computational cost, and choose the method with a faster DR. Using these steps, the modified method always implements the most efficient method. The results of Marmousi and over thrust model testings indicate that the convergence with our modified method is significantly faster than that in the L-BFGS method with no loss of inversion quality. Moreover, our modified outperforms the enriched method by a little speedup of the convergence. It also exhibits better efficiency than the HFN method.  相似文献   

Suppressing non‐Gaussian noises with scaled receiver wavefield for reverse‐time migration: comparison of different approaches     

Yi Tao  Mrinal K. Sen 《Geophysical Prospecting》2013,61(4):761-770

Numerical implementation of the gradient of the cost function in a gradient‐based full‐ waveform inversion (FWI) is essentially a migration operator used in wave equation migration. In FWI, minimizing different data residual norms results in different weighting strategies of data residuals at receiver locations prior to back‐propagation into the medium. In this paper, we propose different scaling methods to the receiver wavefield and compare their performances. Using time‐domain reverse‐time migration (RTM), we show that compared to conventional algorithms, this type of scaling is able to significantly suppress non‐Gaussian noise, i.e., outliers. Our tests also show that scaling by its absolute norm produces better results than other approaches.  相似文献   

美国全球变化数据共享的经历对我国数据共享决策的启示   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13  

刘闯  王正兴 《地球科学进展》2002,17(1):151-157

美国对国家投资获取的科学数据采取"完全与开放"的共享政策。这一政策分两步落实：第一步侧重于数据中心建设。由NASA在全国优选 9个数据中心组成国家级分布式数据中心群（DAACs）。第二步侧重于法规和网络共享建设。由白宫设立总统长期专项---美国全球变化研究项目（USGCRP）,其中包括"全球变化数据信息系统"（GCDIS）。历经十年,建造了世界上最强大的科学数据共享体系：GCDIS。在此过程中,政府主持总体规划,并通过预算、法律法规,以及管理条例使规划得以实施。美国在科学数据共享方面的经验表明：公益性科学数据共享的工作应由国家负责;国家综合使用行政、经济和法律手段执行对该工作的领导;分布式国家级数据中心群是实现科学数据共享经济有效的途径;科学数据与科学研究的结合是科学数据发展的动力。这些对我国科学数据共享工作总体方案的确定和战略方针的选择具有一定的启发和借鉴作用。  相似文献   

Simulation of the full two rigid body problem using polyhedral mutual potential and potential derivatives approach   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Eugene G. Fahnestock  Daniel J. Scheeres 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2006,96(3-4):317-339

Herein we investigate the coupled orbital and rotational dynamics of two rigid bodies modelled as polyhedra, under the influence of their mutual gravitational potential. The bodies may possess any arbitrary shape and mass distribution. A method of calculating the mutual potential’s derivatives with respect to relative position and attitude is derived. Relative equations of motion for the two body system are presented and an implementation of the equations of motion with the potential gradients approach is described. Results obtained with this dynamic simulation software package are presented for multiple cases to validate the approach and illustrate its utility. This simulation capability is useful both for addressing questions in dynamical astronomy and for enabling spacecraft missions to binary asteroid systems.  相似文献   

三峡库区秭归与巴东交界Ms4.0地震矩张量及应力环境研究          下载免费PDF全文

吴海波  王杰  邹正波  陈俊华 《地球物理学报》2021,64(2):484-497

三峡库区湖北秭归与巴东交界地区2013年以来发生5次Ms4.0以上地震.本文基于湖北、重庆等省属13个测震台站宽频带波形数据,采用kiwi软件包和rapidinv12程序反演了这些地震的全矩张量解,结果显示所有地震双力偶解均为走滑兼逆断性质,两个节面走向、倾角、滑动角与P、T轴走向和倾俯角的一致性均较好,主压应力P轴N...  相似文献   

波形反演方法及其在新疆地区转换波测深中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

范会吉  邵学钟 《地球物理学报》1997,40(3):369-379

利用天然地震记录直达P波后续20s内的波形信息,研究了地壳、土地慢速度结构反演的方法、唯一性、精度及应注意的问题,并将求解有条件极值的惩罚数法和求解无条件极值的单纯形法引入到波形反演.数值计算证明,波形反演方法对记录的误差有压制作用,在深源、远震、各向同性水平层状近似合理的前提下,可用一个地震事件在射线平面内的二分量记录反演台站区地壳、上地幔P、S波速度结构.在新疆天山地区转换波流动台站观测中,选择出较好的记录进行波形反演,给出了该转换被测深剖面上6个台站下方的地壳、上地慢P、S波速度结构.通过塔里木盆地内一测点上波形反演和地震勘探结果的对比证明,波形反演方法具有满意的精度.  相似文献   

Fault throw determination using 4 component VSP: Aigion fault (Greece) case study     

Joachim Place  Charles Naville  Isabelle Moretti   《Tectonophysics》2007,440(1-4):141-158

The present paper presents the results of a technique based on Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) to quantify the offset of a fault in a context where seismic reflection profiles do not image any reflectors. The case study is located in Greece, in the Aigion area, on the south border of the Corinth Gulf. The Aigion fault, oriented East–West, and dipping at 60°N, has been intersected by the scientific well Aig-10 at 760 m in depth, but some uncertainty remained concerning its exact offset since the depth of the pre-rift sequence is open to debate due to the lack of subsurface data. The pre-rift consists of a Mesozoic low-porosity series (carbonates and radiolarite), while the syn-rift consists of poorly compacted conglomerates and turbidites.

Seismic diffractions on fault edges are expected to be present along the fault surface. We find that a few diffracted events are effectively recorded in P and S wave mode by the 4 components of the VSP survey, and critically refracted arrivals along the Aigion fault plane. These singular events have been used in order to refine the fault geometry and to determine its throw. Additionally, results from a 2D finite difference elastic seismic model of a single fault step geometry have been closely examined in order to illustrate the generation of the singular seismic events observed on the field data, such as P-wave and S-wave refracted and diffracted events, and support their interpretation with higher confidence. As a result, the seismic arrival patterns from full waveform seismic modelling confirm the characterisation of the main fault geometry (mainly its throw: about 200 m) in the well vicinity derived from the actual analysis of the 4 Component Aigion VSP data.  相似文献   

An Algorithm for Detecting Ice Cloud at Different Altitudes by Combining Dual CrIS Full Spectrum Resolution CO2 Channels     

王立稳  郑有飞  田淼  徐静馨 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2020,26(3):300-310

Using infrared sensors to detect ice clouds in different atmospheric layers is still a challenge. The different scattering and absorption properties of longwave and shortwave infrared channels can be utilized to fulfill this purpose.In this study, the release of Suomi-NPP Cross-track Infrared Sounder(Cr IS) full spectrum resolution is used to select and pair channels from longwave(～ 15 μm) and shortwave(～4.3 μm) CO_2 absorption bands under stricter conditions, so as to better detect ice clouds. Besides, the differences of the weighting function peaks and cloud insensitive level altitudes of the paired channels are both within 50 h Pa so that the variances due to atmospheric conditions can be minimized. The training data of clear sky are determined by Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite(VIIRS) cloud mask product and used to find the linear relationship between the paired longwave and shortwave CO_2 absorption channels. From the linear relationship, the so-called cloud emission and scattering index(CESI) is derived to detect ice clouds. CESI clearly captures the center and the ice cloud features of the Super Typhoon Hato located above 415 h Pa. Moreover, the CESI distributions agree with cloud top pressure from the VIIRS in both daytime and nighttime in different atmospheric layers.  相似文献   

粤西地区芒果横纹尾夜蛾的发生规律及其防治研究     

冯荣扬 《广东海洋大学学报》1997,(2)

芒果横纹尾夜蛾（ChlumetiatransverseaWalker）是粤西地区危害芒果的主要害虫。通过室内外饲养及观察发现：该虫在粤西地区1年发生6～8代，世代重叠．以幼虫蛀食撤梢和花穗，盛发期3～10月。用溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和甲胺磷等药剂，分别于展叶3～5片前与继后10d左右喷洒嫩梢，防治效果可达95％以上。每年2～4月应根据虫害情况喷药保护花穗。  相似文献