南极拉斯曼丘陵地区大地测量控制网   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈春明  鄂栋臣  桑吉章 《极地研究》1995,7(3):101-106

南极拉斯曼丘陵地区大地测量控制网的建立与施测前后共历经４年方始完成，总控制面积约１７７．６平方公里。本文主要讨论了该网分区布设情况及总体平差的原理与方法，并对成果进行了统计分析。经过整体平差的结果可以满足１：１００００测图的需要。该网也是我国东南极中山站地区的基础大地控制网  相似文献   

方差的边缘极大似然估计     

周世健 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1993,(2)

测量平差问题中,方差估计理论是复杂的。本文基于概括模型,组成自由项f(极大似然估计 MLE)的密度函数和改正数向量 V的线性函数(边缘极大似然估计 MMLE)的密度函数,详细推导了函数模型与随机模型中,未知参数 X与σ_0~2 的似然估计公式,分析了基于两种密度函数所得σ_0~2的似然估计存在差异的真正原因,并对两种方法所得的σ_0~2和X 的统计性质进行了讨论。指出边缘极大似然估计,σ_0~2 的具有良好的统计性质,可改善极大似然估计σ_0~2 的不定性(有偏);并且对任一平差模型的边缘极大似然估计,σ_0~2 无偏、有效的统计性质是一致的。  相似文献   

方差分量估计的MINQE理论及其在摄影测量中的应用     

樊启斌 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(2)

本文深入研究了异方差分量模型的MINQE(U,I)准则的算法实现的可能性,所导出的约化算法具有压缩内存,提高运算速度等明显优点,因而具有实用意义。文中介绍了实现约化算法的计算机程序框图,并提供了数据例子。作者将方差分量估计的MINQE理论引入解析摄影测量平差实践,分别采用模拟数据和新滩滑坡监测数据研究了自检校光束法平差中随机模型的确定,结果表明,MINQE理论用于自检校的验后权估计是可行的。最后,作者就平差随机模型的扩展,以及MINQE理论的应用提出了进一步研究的几点设想。  相似文献   

地壳垂直形变模型的研究     

刘权威 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(3)

本文重点研究了建立整个形变区域的形变速率曲面和形变加速率曲面,同时也研究了求这两种曲面的方法(基于多元逐步回归分析的间接法和直接法),从而使我们对整个形变区域有一个形变的整体概念,也使我们能方便地得出形变区任何一个已知其平面位置的点在任一观测期内的形变量。  相似文献   

多元信息分析技术在460地区深层构造研究及找矿中的应用     

何钟琦  侯建新  郭学陶  王赛威 《铀矿地质》1990,(3)

在华北地台北缘中新生代火山岩发育区,发现大型铀钼矿床,其外围被第四系广泛覆盖。为了进一步扩大找矿,我们采用了以遥感图象、地质图件、航磁、航放资料为基础信息的多元信息计算机综合分析技术。通过已知成矿模式的建立,对与成矿有关的地质体与基础信息源之间的相关性研究,对这些相关信息在图像处理系统中进行的组合显示分析,从而确立了各类地质体及控矿地质要素复合集聚区的多参数影像模型;查明了它们的空间分布规律;圈出了5个主体火山机构;发现了大规模蚀变带及其与铀矿化异常之间的空间相关关系。据此编制出反映该区成矿地质环境的第四系覆盖层下深部地质构造影像图及成矿远景区影像图,在某一远景区内用航空彩色红外图像及侧视雷达图像进行解译,圈定了5个隐伏次火山岩体。经钻探验证了它们的存在并发现工业铀矿化。这一切都为已知矿区的外围扩大找矿工作起了指导作用。  相似文献   

Test of Hack's slope to bed material relationship in the Southern Eifel Uplands,Germany     

Rolf Schruder 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1991,16(8):731-736

The local reach gradient of small gravel bed rivers (drainage area 0-8-110 km²) in the Eifel, West Germany, is adjusted to transport the river bed sediments. Transport of gravel becomes possible under high flow conditions (Shields entrainment factor ≈-03). Mean bed material size for riffle sections increases with distance downstream. For small drainage areas channel slope is a negative exponential function of drainage area, while for the larger region the additional influence of bedload size has to be considered. Good agreement with Hack's data (1957) for Virginia and Maryland, U.S.A., is achieved (S = 0.0066 (D₅₀/A)^{- 40.}, r = 0.67).  相似文献   

THE　RIVER　CHANNEL　ADJUSTMENT　AS　INFLUENCED　BY　THE　FLOODPLAIN　GEOECOSYSTEM：　AN　EXAMPLE　FROM　THE　HONGSHAN　RESERVOIR     

XU Jiongxin  SHI Changxing 《国际泥沙研究》1994,(3)

ＴＨＥＲＩＶＥＲＣＨＡＮＮＥＬＡＤＪＵＳＴＭＥＮＴＡＳＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＣＥＤＢＹＴＨＥＦＬＯＯＤＰＬＡＩＮＧＥＯＥＣＯＳＹＳＴＥＭ：ＡＮＥＸＡＭＰＬＥＦＲＯＭＴＨＥＨＯＮＧＳＨＡＮＲＥＳＥＲＶＯＩＲ￥ＸＵＪｉｏｎｇｘｉｎ；ＳＨＩＣｈａｎｇｘｉｎｇ（Ｐｒ...  相似文献   

BAYES方差分量估计在虚拟权平差中的应用     

覃辉 《四川测绘》1994,17(3):110-114

本文把近似Bayes方基分量估计公式应用于矿区扩建网的虚拟权平差中，解决了具体计算中的一些实际问题，最后，通过一矿区扩建网平差实例验证了该方法的可行性．  相似文献   

卫星网与地面网联合平差中随机模型的估计     

许才军 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1989,(3)

本文讨论了卫星网与地面网联合平差中随机模型误差及其对联合平差结果的影响,应用方差分量估计方法对卫星网和地面网的随机模型进行了估计,并对模拟网与实测网的计算结果进行了分析。  相似文献   

River adjustment to changes in sediment load: The effects of tin mining on the Ringarooma River,Tasmania, 1875–1984     

A. D. Knighton 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1989,14(4):333-359

The mining of alluvial tin in the Ringarooma basin began in 1875, reached a peak in 1900–20, and had virtually ceased by 1982. During that time 40 million m³ of mining waste were supplied to the main river, quickly replacing the natural bed material and requiring major adjustments to the channel. Based on estimates of sediment supply from more than 50 widely scattered mines and the frequency of flows capable of transporting the introduced load, the river's transport history is reconstructed using a mass-conservation model. Because of the lengthy time period (110 years) and river distance (75 km) involved, the model cannot predict detailed change but it does reproduce the main pattern of sediment movement in which successive phases of aggradation and degradation progress downstream. Peak storage is predicted in that part of the river where braiding and anastomosis are best developed. Aggradation was most rapid in the upper reaches close to major supply points, becoming slower and later with distance downstream. Channel width increased by up to 300 per cent where the valley floor was broad and braiding became relatively common. Bridges had frequently to be replaced. While bed levels were still rising in lower reaches, degradation began in upper ones, notably after 1950, and by 1984 had progressed downriver over 30 km. Rates of incision reached 0·5 m yr^?1, especially in the early 1970s when record high flows occurred. As a result of degradation the bed material became gravelly through either reexposure of the original bed or lag concentration of coarser fractions. Also a narrower unbraided channel has developed. The river is beginning to heal itself and upper reaches now have reasonably stable beds but at least another 50 years will be required for the river to cleanse its channel of mining debris.  相似文献