THE ISOSTATIC DATUM FOR STUDYING OF THE SEA LEVEL CHANGES ALONG THE COAST OF CHINA     

Huang Li-ren  Yang Guo-hua  Hu Hui-min 《地震地质》1991,13(1):8

Relative sea level change can be derived from tide records. In order to study the general sea level change along the coast of China, it is necessary to make a unified reduction for all the results obtained from various tide stations. A so-called isostatic datum of vertical movement of thecoastal land hasbeen suggested as a basis of the unified reduction in this paper, established by useof precise releveling data completed between 50's and 80's.The vertical movement velocities relative  相似文献   

广义相对误差椭球(圆)     

许才军  刘大杰 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(2)

本文给出了控制点的广义相对误差椭球(圆)的定义,简要介绍了二维控制点的广义相对误差椭圆的计算公式,着重阐述三维控制点的广义相对误差椭球的计算方法,并讨论了地心坐标系与大地坐标系中计算广义相对误差椭球的有关问题。  相似文献   

2011年日本东北大地震对中国东部地壳形变场的影响     

郝明  庄文泉 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(6):555-558

2011年日本东北M_W9.0大地震不仅造成日本境内地表产生超过5 m的同震位移和显著的震后变形,在中国大陆东部地区也引起明显的远场同震及震后变形。本文利用1999~2017年GPS连续站和流动站观测资料,计算高空间分辨率的远场同震和震后变形位移场。结果表明,2011年日本东北M_W9.0地震对中国105°E以东区域产生了E向运动的同震变形,对中国东北和山东半岛产生了可观的震后变形,且GPS震后变形的累积量已超过相应台站的同震位移量。利用日本大地震在中国东部地区产生的远场同震和震后变形位移场,可为维护区域大地参考基准和反演岩石圈及上地幔的流变性质提供定量约束。  相似文献   

哈尔滨市交通导航系统的研究与应用     

衣鸿波  修洪玉 《东北测绘》2008,31(1):103-106

在哈尔滨市8个行政区范围内建立5个永久性连续运行GNSS基准站,各基准站观测数据通过专用数据通信网传送至数据管理中心,经过处理后实时通过专用网或因特网向导航用户发布国际通用格式的差分数据,以满足导航用户对高精度实时定位、测速、位移测量的要求,实现物流配送、公共安全、交通导航等现代化管理。  相似文献   

基于D、E级控制网的数据融合技术研究     

吕宝奇 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(6):217-219

河南省地籍管理部门,在第一次土地调查、第二次土地调查、城镇地籍初始调查、城镇地籍更新调查、农村集体土地所有权调查、农村集体土地使用权调查等几次大的国字号地籍调查工作中,取得了丰富的地籍调查成果。但是,由于调查成果的时间、坐标基准、比例尺和技术方法存在差异,给统一的信息化地籍管理造成了障碍。对不同时间、不同比例尺、不同坐标系统的地籍数据成果进行统一和融合,是解决这一障碍的方法,同时,对于地籍管理的大数据应用意义重大。  相似文献   

Spatial concentration patterns of South Asian low-skilled immigrants in Oman: A spatial analysis of residential geographies     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

Oman is a major recipient of South Asian labor immigrants, and correspondingly, the demographic statistics reveal that the non-Omani populations primarily are constituted of the Asians. This research examines whether the largest immigrant groups (Indian, Bangladesh, Pakistani and Sri Lankan) in Oman form residential clusters according to their work skills (higher and lower skills). The residential geographies of South Asian workers at the subnational administrative boundaries have been investigated in the current study. Empirically, the study employs the use of Location Quotients (LQ) and Entropy Index within the GIS environment to spatially analyze the immigrant residential distributions based on their work skills. Interestingly, the findings of this research confirm the primary influence of geography on the residential patterns of the low-skilled immigrants. Initially, Al-Batnah governorates constituted the main destinations of low-skilled Bangladeshis. Further, the research also highlights significant clusters of Indian and Pakistani high-skilled immigrants in urban residential communities within the Muscat governorate. In addition, the South Asian are found to be a relatively constant stream of immigrants to inhabit the Omani urban areas, with employments in various public and private economic sectors (e.g. educational, health, manufacturing, finance, business etc.). This concentration pattern of low skilled immigrants is attributable to the need to labor shortages of native populations in certain jobs. The research results also indicate that the rural and suburban communities of Al-Batnah coastal plain not only have a greater number of low skilled immigrants but also display equitable distributions of the four South Asian groups in the residential settlements. For policy makers, it is imperative to understand the spatial patterns of low and high-skilled immigrants in Oman, which exert several geographic, economic, social and demographic implications. The significant role of immigration in development necessitates the identification of the predominant destinations for immigrants. It has been observed that the immigrants are crucial to several sectors of Omani urban economy, and urban areas with a large number of immigrants are more likely to grow and expand faster. In addition, the immigrants’ laborers offer potential economic benefits to the host country, which include fostering entrepreneurial activities, small businesses and reducing wages, especially in unskilled jobs. Despite the negative impacts of immigration (e.g. losing national cultural and creating socio-spatial segregation), the diverse and distinctive locational patterns of immigrant groups in Oman contribute crucially to the socioeconomic development and immigration policy. Yet understanding of the spatial dynamics of immigration in structuring the Omani regions and its influences remains very limited. Thus, further research accounting for the different spatial and attribute ancillary data is necessitated.  相似文献   

区域与全球高程基准差异的确定     

李建成  褚永海  徐新禹 《测绘学报》2017,46(10):1262-1273

全球高程基准统一是继全球大地测量坐标系及其参考基准统一之后,大地测量学科面临和亟待解决的一个重要问题,也是全球空间信息共享与交换的基础。本文针对区域高程基准与全球高程基准间基准差异确定的理论、方法及实际问题开展研究。利用物理大地测量高程系统的经典理论方法,给出了高程基准差异的定义,并推导了计算基准差异的严密公式,该公式可将高程基准差异确定的现有3种方法统一起来。在此基础上,分析顾及了不同椭球参数对于计算基准差异的影响及量级,同时,高程异常差法还需考虑全球高程基准重力位与模型计算大地水准面位值不一致引起的零阶项改正。利用青岛原点附近152个GPS水准点数据,分别选择GRS80、WGS-84、CGCS2000参考椭球以及EGM2008、EIGEN-6C4、SGG-UGM-1模型,采用位差法和高程异常差法,确定了我国1985高程基准与全球高程基准的差异。其中,EIGEN-6C4模型计算的我国高程基准与WGS-84参考椭球正常重力位U0定义的全球高程基准之间的差异约为-23.1cm。也就是说,我国高程基准低于采用WGS-84参考椭球正常重力位U0定义的全球高程基准,当选取基于平均海面确定的Gauss-Listing大地水准面作为全球高程基准时,我国1985高程基准高于全球基准约21.0cm。从计算结果还可看出,当前重力场模型在青岛周边不同GPS/水准点的精度差别依然较大,这会导致选择不同数据对确定我国85国家高程基准与全球基准之间的差异影响较大,因此,若要实现厘米级精度区域高程基准与全球高程基准的统一,全球重力场模型的精度和可靠性还需要进一步提高。  相似文献   

基于时空Kriging方法建立深度基准面模型     

袁建刚  章鹏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(12):219-220,224

深度基准面是一个呈阶梯状、不连续的基准面,该特点给海洋测绘及相关活动带来严重的影响。目前建立深度基准面模型的方法有很多,一般采用几何插值方法,其函数模型大多以数据点的位置关系为基础。本文使用时空Kriging法建立深度基准面模型,时空Kriging法综合考虑了海面在时间和空间上的变化特征,通过构建不可分离型时空变异函数,对深度基准值进行插值拟合,并通过实例证实了拟合后的深度基准面模型的精度更高、连续性更好。  相似文献   

湖北省现代测绘基准规范化研究     

陈豪  王波  杨华先  李剑 《地理空间信息》2013,11(2):178-179,182

阐述了湖北省现代测绘基准体系的组成及建设情况。针对测绘基准体系在建设、管理与应用等方面存在的问题展开了探索,从坐标基准的统一、测绘基础设施的整合和测绘基准信息服务等3个方面提出了规范化的思路。  相似文献   

A high-level architecture for a Geomatics Informatization Technology System: the Chinese case     

《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):93-107

Abstract

China will, as a component of ‘Digital Earth,’ establish a Geomatics Informatization Technology System (GITS) which is characterized by real-time acquisition, automatic processing, networking service, and socialized application with fundamental geographical information. The basic composition of GITS is proposed. GITS covers four layers and six platforms. The four layers are data acquisition, processing, management, and application and services. The six platforms are informatic geodetic datum, high-precision geo-spatial data acquisition, automatic geo-spatial data processing, grid-based geo-spatial information management, comprehensive geo-spatial information sharing and service, and geo-spatial information integration and application. The informatic geodetic datum platform provides a carrier for all the four layers and a base for the other five platforms. The high-precision geo-spatial data acquisition platform belongs to the acquisition layer. The automatic geo-spatial data processing platform belongs to the processing layer. The grid-based geo-spatial information management platform belongs to the management layer and is a bridge connecting geo-spatial data acquisition and spatial information sharing service and integrated applications. The comprehensive geo-spatial information sharing and service platform belongs to the application and service layer. Finally, this paper presents thoughts for constructing GITS.  相似文献